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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the kinetics of biological systems at elevated temperatures utilizing flow techniques (1964)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 6 (1964), S. 367-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Continuous flow-type reactors have been used to study the kinetics of biological systems for quite some time. For continuous media sterilization, tubular flow reactors are particularly useful being simple in character and easy to control. However, one aspect quite often neglected in sterilization calculations is the residence time distribution of the reactor system. Serious errors in estimating the degree of bacterial destruction can be encountered if the residence time distribution is neglected; especially when a high degree of destruction is desired. This paper reports a study made to characterize and use the residence time distribution of a tubular reactor in the interpretation of high-temperature, short exposure time data for inactivation of Bacillus stearothermophilus spores. Mathematical models accounting for the residence time distribution of the tubular reactor have been proposed and employed to obtain high-temperature death-rate data.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260060402
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Internal field emission in carbon black-loaded natural rubber vulcanizates (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 6 (1962), S. 651-655 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The nonohmic behavior of carbon black-loaded natural rubber viilcanizates was studied. Three samples contained high-abrasion furnace black (HAF) in good, moderate, and poor dispersion. Another sample contained a good dispersion of medium thermal black (MT). The nonohmic behavior of the poor HAF dispersion and that of the MT dispersion could be interpreted as due to internal field emission acroM insulating gap widths of 2 and 2.5 μ. The existence of such gaps waa confirmed by electron micrographs. No clear evidence of internal field emission could be obtained for the good and moderate HAP dispersions where, according to electron micrographs, the gaps are much narrower. There is some indication that the degree of diapersion can be correlated with field emission characteristics.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1962.070062408
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of diffusion rates in swelling systems (1964)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 8 (1964), S. 2835-2842 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new method of measuring diffusion coefficients of ethyl alcohol in keratin is described. Ethyl alcohol, which is retained in keratin on desorption by evacuation, is released by swelling the keratin with water vapor. The essential measurement is the loss of weight of the keratin as the ethyl alcohol diffuses out after the absorption of water. Values of the diffusion coefficients at 35°C. are given for a range of volume swelling of keratin where it is not possible to obtain the data by absorption or permeation measurements. The change of diffusion coefficient with swelling is in agreement with values obtained by absorption at lower and higher levels of swelling. The method should have general applicability to many polymer sorption systems where swelling occurs.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1964.070080628
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorption of organic vapors by wool keratin (1964)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 8 (1964), S. 1737-1750 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The absorption and desorption behavior of organic vapors and wool keratin has been investigated. At low relative vapor pressures sorption is Fickian and the rate of diffusion is determined by the size and configuration of the sorbate molecule. For absorption to saturation vapor pressure a second absorption mechanism is involved, depending on the ease with which the sorbate can disrupt the keratin network structure. This mechanism is superimposed on the Fickian mechanism, and the uptake shows non-Fickian anomalies. On desorption there is an initial rapid removal of sorbate before the rate of removal becomes extremely slow. The amount of retained sorbate in the region of slow removal is dependent on the temperature, the size, and the configuration of the sorbate molecules and has been qualitatively related to the measured diffusion coefficients at low relative vapor pressures.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1964.070080424
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Korrosionsschutz durch Spritzen (1950)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 1 (1950), S. 261-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19500010609
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The chemistry and function of the pyruvate oxidation factor (lipoic acid) (1953)
    Philadelphia : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 41 (1953), S. 113-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0095-9898
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1030410409
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comment on the fringed fibril theory of structure in crystalline polymers (1960)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 42 (1960), S. 580-581 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1960.1204214027
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat effects on rapid pressure changes in vacuum systems (1960)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 43 (1960), S. 267-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1960.1204314121
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nature of acid-sensitive linkages in cellulose (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 51 (1961), S. 85-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Experiments with s:tmples of cellulose regenerated in various ways confirm the earlier observation that their initially high rate of acidic hydrolysis under heterogeneous conditions is considerably greater than that calculated for the normal glucosidic bonds. The presence of such weak bonds appears to be a general phenomenon, and the process by which they are formed does not seem to be associated with any specific chemical reaction. It is thus suggested that the enhanced rate a t which these bonds degrade may be a physical effect, resulting either from strains set up in the chain molecules in the amorphous regions or from local variations in the normal state of hydrogen bonding.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1961.1205115506
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of copper on the autoxidation of cellulose suspended in sodium hydroxide solution (1964)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: General Papers 2 (1964), S. 225-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2951
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A kinetic study has been made of the depolymerization of cotton cellulose immersed in aerated solutions of sodium hydroxide and in solutions of sodium hydroxide containing dissolved copper. In absence of (added) copper the reaction rate is proportional to the thermodynamic molal activity of the sodium hydroxide over the concentration range 2-14N. Addition of copper causes an increase in the rate but to an extent which depends on the alkali concentration; with constant copper concentration and with increasing alkali concentration the rate now passes through a maximum at approximately 6N sodium hydroxide. The decrease in rate above 6N alkali has been ascribed to the increasing importance of oxygen solubility and of diffusion which become rate determining factors at the higher alkali concentrations. In 4N sodium hydroxide and at low copper concentration diffusion is taken to be unimportant; under these conditions the rate is proportional to the concentration of copper in the solution external to the cellulose but is relatively insensitive to the total amount of copper absorbed by the cellulose. However, it has previously been shown that the overall absorption of copper is probably due to contributions from two different sorbing sites in the cellulose anhydroglucose unit. The rate is found to be approximately proportional to the calculated extent of absorption by the site postulated to form the less stable complex with copper. There is some indication that copper bound in this latter position is responsible for the catalytic depolymerization.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1964.100020117
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