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  • Chemistry  (28)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (11)
  • Humans
  • 1965-1969  (30)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endgroup modification of unsaturated polyesters. Effect on chemical resistance (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 1681-1700 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Endgroups of unsaturated polyesters formulated with mole ratios of 2/1/3 and 1/1/2 isophthalic acid/maleic anhydride/propylene glycol were modified. Carboxylic acid content was effectively reduced by esterification with alcohols or epoxides, amidation with phenyl isocyanate, or neutralization with amines. Hydroxyl content was reduced by esterification with acids or anhydrides and urethane formation with phenyl isocyanate. Chemical resistance was determined by measuring the decrease in flexural strength and modulus with exposure to 10% solutions of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid at 82°C. A 2-week test using the medium chemical-resistant 2/1/3 polyester indicated that any modification which decreased the carboxylic acid content improved chemical resistance. Modifications which increased or decreased the hydroxyl content had no significant effect in the 2-week tests; however, decrease of hydroxyl content appeared important in 6-month exposure tests. The 1/1/2 resins which have high initial chemical resistance had poorer chemical resistance after endgroup modification than the unmodified 1/1/2 resin, with the exception of the phenyl isocyanate-modified product which was equal to the unmodified resin. Water (0.8%) and xylene (0.1%) had no effect on chemical resistance. However, larger amounts of residual solvent were disadvantageous.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090507
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low Reynolds number developing flows (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 548-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Equations are given that relate the entrance length to Reynolds number for pipe and channel geometries with a flat velocity profile as the initial condition. These equations are linear combinations of the creeping flow and boundary layer solutions. The former is obtained by minimization of the viscous dissipation using the finite element method. The equation for the pipe entrance is shown to be in good agreement with experimental data.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150414
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations on some amino complexes of copper(II) phthalimide. I. Preparation and preliminary investigations (1965)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 28 (1965), S. 21-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Co-ordination complexes between copper(II) phthalimide and some aliphatic amines have been prepared. The molecular formulae on the basis of the percentages of constituent elements are Cu(Phthalimide)2 · (amine)2 · Conductivity measurements in nitrobenzene indicate the complexes to be nonelectrolytes and hence it is suggested that phthalimide ions are also co-ordinated. Molecular weight measurements in the same solvent confirm this.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19650280104
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations on some amino complexes of copper(II) Phthalimide. II. Infra Red Absorption Spectroscopic Measurements (1965)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 29 (1965), S. 38-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The I. R. measurements on a series of complexes, prepared with copper (II) phthalimide and aliphatic amines of type [Cu(amine)2 · (Phthalimide)2]0 have been done. The spectra indicate that the co-ordination of phthalimide ion to copper may be through the nitrogen and that the arrangement of two amine and two phthalimide ions around the copper atom may be trans planar.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19650290106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amperometric Determination of Vanadium (V) as copper orthovanadate (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 38 (1968), S. 358-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A rapid amperometric method for the determination of vanadium (V) has been described which involves titration of vanadium (V) as sodium orthovanadate against copper sulphate solution at Ede = - 0.20 V (vs S.C.E.). The accuracy and reproducability of the method is excellent particularly at higher temperature i.e. at 60°C. The method permits the determination of vanadium (V) down to 0.2 mM with an accuracy 1.0%).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19680380517
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The oxyluminescence of polymers III. Effects of oxidation and structure; Mechanisms involved (1965)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 5 (1965), S. 246-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Studies of polypropylene oxyluminescence show the luminous intensity to be dependent upon the degre of oxidation. The length of the low intensity level portion of the luninescence curve, or pseudo induction period, was found to be a measure of the useful stabilizer life, and the intensity of this portion indicative of the effectiveness of stabilization. The effect of peroxide decomposers was studied and results indicate that peroxide reactions are major producers of luminescence. Analysis of the accepted modes of polymer oxidation, in view of our luminescence findings, indicate that the rate of luminescence buildup should depend upon ease of R. formation and the luminous intensity should be dependent on peroxy radical concentration. The effect of tertiary-carbon content on luminescence was also investigated, and luminous intensity was found to be dependent upon the amount of polymer branching. Model Compounds having slight structural variations were examined and were found to produce different intensity-time curves during oxidation, which may be attributed to ease of formation of a reactive site and subsequent peroxy radical reactions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760050407
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbonate-modified unsaturated polyesters (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 799-800 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090236
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkylbenzene-Maleic anhydride photoadducts as dianhydrides for epoxies and polyimides (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 10 (1966), S. 1809-1812 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Dianhydrides from ethylbenzene, cumene, and branched C5-C6 alkylbenzene-maleic anhydride photoadducts have a surprisingly high solubility in epoxy resins. Dianhydrides from benzene, toluene, and n-C10-C13 alkylbenzene adducts, which are homologs of the above, were not soluble. Epoxies cured with the ethylbenzene and cumene dianhydride adducts had higher heat distortion temperatures and flexural strengths than epoxies cured with two commerical monoanhydrides. High-melting polyimides were also obtained with these two new dianhydrides.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1966.070101201
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    p-Chlorophenyldiazonium hexafluorophosphate as a catalyst in the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran and other cyclic ethersPreliminary reports of parts of this work appeared previously.1,2 (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 4 (1966), S. 2179-2200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: p-Chlorophenyldiazonium hexafluorophosphate is shown to be a convenient and effective catalyst for initiating the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran (TH) and other cyclic ethers. The polymerizations apparently proceed without any significant termination or transfer reactions (i.e., “living” polymers result), and materials of very high molecular weight can be obtained. A mobile monomer-polymer equilibrium for THF was obtained during polymerization and equilibrium conversions were determined at a number of temperatures. The ceiling temperature derived from these data was 84°C., the heat of polymerization was -4.58 kcal./mole and the corresponding entropy change was - 17.7 cal./°C.-mole. Hydrocarbons are suitable inert solvents for these polymerizations, but concentrated solutions must be used at ambient temperatures in order to stay above the required equilibrium monomer conceiitration and also to dissolve the catalyst which is insoluble in hydrocarbons. It was shown that acyclic ethers act as transfer agents in these polymerizations and that transfer with consequent reduction of molecular weight continues even after monomer-polymer equilibrium is reached. Cyclic ethers do not act as transfer agents but only copolymerize. Trimethyl orthoformate was shown to be a particularly effective transfer agent; it resulted in a polymer with methoxy endgroups and produced methyl formate as a by-product. The data obtained are consistent with a mechanism involving initiation by hydrogen abstraction and polymerization via tertiary oxonium ions associated with PF-6 gegenions. This gegenion is thought to be responsible for the “living” nature of the system.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1966.150040913
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antimicrobial agents as liquid chemosterilizers (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 7 (1965), S. 435-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Many antimicrobial agents are available for commercial use, but only a few are truly sporicidal and can be used as chemosterilizers. The action of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and β-propiolactone is well documented. Strong acids, e.g., hydrochloric acid, or alkalis may be used as chemosterilizers but their use is extremely limited. The synthetic phenolics accompanied by boiling were recommended, but heat cannot always be employed. Chlorine and iodine have been used in higher concentrations. The use of 8% formaldehyde or 20% formalin was suggested by Spaulding.17 Other aldehydes possess antimicrobial potency. According to work performed in our laboratories, the sporicidal activity of certain alcoholic, saturated dialdehyde solutions equalled or surpassed that of formaldehyde. These included glyoxal, succinaldehyde, and glutaraldehyde. Aqueous alkaline glutaraldehyde solutions killed the most resistant bacterial spores, e.g., B. subtilis and Cl. tetani, within a few hours (Borick1,2). Glutaraldehyde, a 5-carbon dialdehyde, was shown to be a chemosterilizer when tested by various methods, destroying bacteria, including M. tuberculosis, fungi, and viruses. Acid glutaraldehyde solutions stored at room temperature are highly stable, whereas alkaline solutions show a significant change in pH and a diminution of glutaraldehyde concentration on alkalinization. For this reason, fresh (not over 2 weeks old) alkaline glutaraldehyde solutions can be used as chemosterilizers.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260070310
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