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  • AUXILIARY SYSTEMS  (10)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (6)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
  • 1965-1969  (21)
  • 1
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    Electrolysis cell for orbital test (1966)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Water electrolysis subsystems for orbital test - application to spacecraft environmental control systems
    Keywords: AUXILIARY SYSTEMS
    Type: NASA-CR-648
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the mechanism of respiration in the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana: A reassessmentSupported (in part) by National Science Foundation grant GB-6521X. Presented (in part) at the 150th Conference of the Society for Experimental Biology in Bristol, England, during March 1968, at the meeting of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists at Ann Arbor, Michigan on 18 June 1968, and before the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles meeting at Mountain Lake, Virginia on 24 August 1968. (1969)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 127 (1969), S. 259-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The mechanism of respiration in the bullfrog has been analyzed by means of pressure recordings from the buccal cavity, the lungs and the abdominal cavity, by cinematography and cinefluorography, and by electromyography of buccal, laryngeal and abdominal muscles. Gas flow was investigated by putting frogs in atmospheres of changing argon and nitrogen content and monitoring the concentration of the nostril efflux.Three kinds of cyclical phenomena were found. (1) Oscillatory cycles consist of rhythmical raising and lowering of the floor of the mouth, with open nares. They have a definite respiratory function in introducing fresh air into the buccal cavity. (2) Ventilatory cycles involve opening and closing of the glottis and nares and renewal of a portion of the pulmonary gas. More muscles are involved and the pattern of muscular activity is more complex than in the oscillatory cycles. (3) Inflation cycles consist of a series of ventilation cycles, interrupted by an apneic pause. The intensity of the ventilatory cycles increases before this pause and decreases immediately thereafter. This results in a stepwise increase in pulmonary pressure, to a plateau (coincident with the pause) followed by a sudden or stepwise decrease.The respiratory mechanism depends on the activity of a buccal force pump, which determines pulmonary pressure whose level is always slightly less than the peak pressure values of the ventilation cycles. The elevated pulmonary pressure is responsible for the expulsion of pulmonary gas during the second phase of the next ventilation cycle. This pressure is maintained by the elastic fibers (and the smooth masculature) of the lungs.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051270302
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of the secretory cells of the uterus (shell gland) of the chickenThis investigation was supported by United States Public Health Service Fellowship 1-F2-GM-28,066-01 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences and by United States Public Health Service Training grant 2 TIGM 94 07. (1969)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 128 (1969), S. 35-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The secretory processes in the shell gland of laying chickens were the subject of this study. Three cell types contribute secretory material to the forming egg: ciliated and non-ciliated columnar cells of the uterine surface epithelium, and cells of tubular glands in the mucosa. The ciliated cells as well as the non-ciliated cells have microvilli, which undergo changes in form and extent during the secretory cycle. At the final stages of shell formation they resemble stereocilia. It is postulated that the microvilli of both cells are active in the production of the cuticle of the shell.The ciliated cell which has both cilia and microvilli manufactures secretory granules which arise from the Golgi complex in varying amounts throughout the egg laying cycle. Granule production reaches its greatest intensity during the early stages of shell deposition. The ciliated cell probably supplies proteinaceous material to the matrix of the forming egg shell.The non-ciliated cell has only microvilli. Secretory granules, containing an acid mucopolysaccharide, arise from the Golgi complex. Some granules are extruded into the uterine lumen where they supply the egg shell with organic matrix. Others migrate towards the supranuclear zone. Here a number of them disintegrate. This is accompanied by the formation of a large membraneless space, which is termed “vacuoloid.” Subsequently the vacuoloid regresses and during regression an extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum with numerous polyribosomes of spiral configuration appears. It is suggested that material in the vacuoloid originating from the disintegrating granules is resynthesized and utilized for the formation of secretory product.The uterine tubular gland cells have irregular, frondlike microvilli. During egg shell deposition, these microvilli form large blebs and are probably related to the elaboration of a watery, calcium-containing fluid.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051280103
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Replication of the RNA genomeThis work was supported in part by grants from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health (GM-11936 and -11301), and the National Science Foundation (GB-5082). This is Communication No. 165 from the Joan and Lester Avent Institute of Molecular Biology. (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 74 (1969), S. 187-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Several steps in the synthesis in vitro of infectious bacteriophage RNA can now be described. The reaction catalyzed by the Qβ RNA polymerase is known to involve several components, including the enzyme, host cell factors, Qβ RNA template, and the strand complementary to the Qβ RNA. The interaction of these components and the mechanims of the reaction appears to be considerably more complex than was proposed in earlier models.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040740419
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lysosomes in Tetrahymena pyriformis I. Some properties and lysosomal localization of acid hydrolasesSupported by grant GB-2871 from the National Science Foundation. Performed with the skillful technical assistance of Miss Magdeleine Debbaudt to whom the authors are deeply grateful. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 165-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In homogenates of Tetrahymena pyriformis, five hydrolases  -  phosphatase, ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, proteinase, amylase  -  with acid pH optima were found. Over 75% of their activity is sedimentable with a centrifugal force of 250,000 g. min. Only 17% of the acid phosphatase and ribonuclease is active when assayed in the presence of 0.25 M sucrose at 0°. Exposure to a lowered osmotic pressure, freezing and thawing, and incubation at temperatures over 0° result in activation of the latent phosphatase and ribonuclease. After isopycnic centrifugation in a sucrose density gradient the hydrolases show a broad distribution which differs greatly from those of enzymes associated with mitochondria (succinate dehydrogenase) or with peroxisomes (catalase). The results are interpreted as evidence that the five acid hydrolases studied are localized in lysosomes which represent a distinct population of subcellular particles in Tetrahymena.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680211
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myogenesis of striated muscle in vitro: Hormone and serum requirements for the development of glycogen synthetase in myotubesSupported by grant GM 06970 from the U. S. Public Health Service. (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 72 (1968), S. 21-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The fusion in vitro of embryonic myoblasts to form multinucleated myotubes requires the addition of serum to a basal nutrient medium. The serum requirement for fusion can be satisfied by insulin with somatotropin potentiating its effect. Myotubes formed under these conditions fail to differentiate to cross-striated, spontaneously contractile muscle fibers. This arrest of development is reversible if serum is restored to the medium.Development of the enzyme glycogen synthetase was studied as an additional indicator of muscle differentiation. In cultures developing in the presence of serum, this enzyme was demonstrated by autoradiography to be highly concentrated in myotubes as compared to mononuclear cells. The activity of the enzyme remains low in (1) cultures formed in response to insulin and somatotropin in the absence of serum, as well as (2) in cultures formed in unsupplemented basal medium which are virtually lacking in myotubes. The addition of serum to (1) restores the development of this enzyme. Serum which has been extensively digested with the proteolytic preparation, pronase, and subjected to boiling temperature, when combined with insulin and somatotropin is also capable of promoting the development of glycogen synthetase to a specific activity which exceeds the control. The serum factor is not lost on exhaustive dialysis, nor can enzyme promoting activity be liberated by heat denaturation of serum proteins.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040720105
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some properties of alkaline phosphatase from a human cell strain and from a clonal derivative with low activityThis work was supported by a grant from Euratom-CNR-CNEN Contract 012-61-12 BIAI. (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 69 (1967), S. 169-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A comparative study of some physico-chemical properties of alkaline phosphatase of a human cell line, the EUE, with high level of enzyme and one of its clonal derivatives the E6D, with low activity, has been carried out.Electrophoretic analysis reveals a multiple banding pattern within each line and qualitative differences between the two lines. The alkaline phosphatase activity of the E6D cell extracts is almost completely inhibited by 5 × 10-2 M inorganic phosphate while in the EUE the enzymic activity is reduced to one third under these conditions. The enzymes of the two lines show also a different thermostability which is not referable to extrinsic factors, as demonstrated by mixing experiments. The time course of heat inactivation at 70°C suggests molecular heterogeneity in each line, and a prevalence of a thermostable fraction in the cells with low activity and a thermolabile one in those with high enzymic levels. A rough estimate of inactivation constants does not rule out the possibility that the molecular species in the two lines are the same but in different proportions. The cytological analysis confirms the relationship between the number of small acrocentric chromosomes and alkaline phosphatase levels. The significance of the biochemical data in relation to the proposed model of a gene dosage effect is discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040690207
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The electron-impact-induced fragmentation of n-alkyl cyanides (1969)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 1103-1115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the alkyl cyanides up to n-pentyl cyanide were studied. Using metastablel ion transitions, appearance potentials and deuterium labelling, the fragmentation patterns, spectral characteristics and trends for this series can be given. The investigation of labelled compounds demonstrates the specificity of rearrangement and normal decomposition processes. Alkyl ions in nitriles are produced by simple cleavage of the carbon-carbon bond, while ions of the type [M -alkyl]+, which at the first sight could originate in the same way, are presumably formed via cyclic intermediates and are in fact rearrangement ions.Apart from the known γ and δ-hydrogen rearrangements, there is novel evidence for a β-hydrogen rearrangement via a five-membered ring transition state.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210021108
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass spectrometry of aralkyl compounds with a functional group - VIIFor Part VI, see Ref. 1.. On the structure of the ions C8H9+ from C6H5C2H4X- and C9H11+ from C6H5C3H6X-compoundsSee Ref. 2. (1969)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1969), S. 157-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The C8H9+-ion, formed from the molecular ions of 2-phenyl-1-bromoethane, 1-phenyl-1-bromoethane and of 1-phenyl-1-nitroethane by loss of the bromine atom and of the nitro group, splits off a molecule of acetylene after an almost complete randomization of hydrogens, as proved by deuteration. An eight-membered ring structure for the C8H9+-ion is proposed to explain these results.By loss of the nitro group from the molecular ions of 1-phenyl-1-nitropropane and of 1-phenyl-2-nitropropane the well-known phenylated cyclopropane ion3 (C9H11)+ is generated. Mass spectra of analogues, specifically deuterated in the side-chain, show that in this ion a randomization of hydrogen atoms in the cyclopropane ring as well as a hydride transfer from the cyclopropane ring to the phenyl cation occur.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210020203
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mass spectra of some cyclic ethers (1968)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1968), S. 403-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectral fragmentations of the saturated five-, six- and seven-membered ring ethers have been determined by studying their site-specifically deuterated analogues by both high and low-resolution mass spectrometry.The initial processes, governing the fragmentations of the cyclic ethers are shown to be identical with the well-known processes of linear nonbranched ethers, i.e. predominant α-fisson in the lower members and predominant carbon-oxygen fisson with charge retention on the carbon atom in the higher members.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210010309
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