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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (9)
  • 8-Quinolinol-5-sulphonic acid
  • LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
  • 1965-1969  (9)
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Keywords
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gel permeation chromatography studies of the degradation of polythylene with fuming nitric acid. III. Fibrous stirring-induced crystals (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 7 (1969), S. 751-751 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.160070417
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Random attack model for polyethylene degradation (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 7 (1969), S. 1585-1594 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A comparison is made between the experimentally obtained molecular weight distributions of nitric acid-oxidized polyethylene with a wide range of initial morphologies and the predictions of a random attack model. Deviations from the theoretical expectations are explained.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.160070912
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gel permeation chromatographic studies of the degradation of polyethylene with fuming nitric acid. III. Fibrous stirring-induced crystals (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1627-1637 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Fibrous crystals of polyethylene are produced by crystallization from agitated solutions in xylene. If crystallization temperature is maintained between 97°C and 108°C these fibers are free from overgrowth effects and are seen to consist of flat, striated ribbons. This material was treated with fuming nitric acid, and the molecular weight distribution of the degradation product was analyzed by gel permeation chromatography. This distribution was found to consist of a low molecular weight peak and an exceptionally resistant high molecular weight tail over a wide range of degradation times in quantitative agreement with the serrations developed during the nitric acid attack. This is consistent with the fibers possessing a composite folded and extended chain structure. The lateral pulling out of smooth fibrils from the original fibers in the course of certain electron microscope sample preparation methods is consistent with the presence of chain-folded material and might account for the structureless fibrils reported in the literature. Partially successful attempts to obtain the extended chain portion in pure form by selective dissolution are mentioned together with some low-angle x-ray results.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060908
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calibration procedure for gel permeation chromatography (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1357-1369 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A novel procedure is presented for calibrating a gel permeation chromatograph by using broad polymer fractions. The limit in accuracy is set by the accuracy of number-average and weight-average molecular weight measurements and the reproducibility of the chromatograph. In the particular calibration for linear polyethylene described here, low molecular weight fractions were prepared by nitric acid oxidation of annealed single crystals. The calibration is then of particular value in morphological studies of polyethylene. The influence in the calibration of polar endgroups on the polymer, as produced in these oxidized samples is discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060712
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gel permeation chromatographic studies of the degradation of polyethylene with fuming nitric acid. I. Single crystals (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1613-1619 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: This paper describes the application of gel permeation chromatography to the morphology of polymer single crystals. Various types of single crystals of polyethylene were etched with fuming nitric acid, and the molecular weight distributions of the degraded fragments determined. The crystal preparations studied were monolayer crystals grown from xylene solution at 85°C and multilayer crystals grown at 84°C and 70°C. In all cases peaks in the molecular weight distribution were observed corresponding to single and double transverses of the molecular chains through the lamellae. By using the chromatograph calibration described in a previous paper, the position of these peaks were compared and correlated with previous estimates of lamellar thickness from low-angle x-ray measurements. The relative positions of the peaks provide information regarding the nature of the fold surface. The results are found to be consistent with a model in which the majority of the molecules are tightly folded.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060906
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gel permeation chromatographic studies of the degradation of polyethylene with fuming nitric acid. II. Bulk polyethylene (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1621-1625 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Preliminary results are reported on the use of gel permeation chromatography in morphological studies of bulk polymers and fibres. Several samples of bulk isotropic and drawn polyethylene were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography following nitric acid oxidation. In all cases suitable samples showed two peaks in the molecular weight distribution, suggesting a qualitative similarity with results for single crystals. It is concluded that the present data are consistent with chain folding in bulk polymers, both in the isotropic and oriented states, with a less degree of regularity than exists in single crystals.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060907
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GPC analysis of degraded annealed single crystals (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 7 (1969), S. 1819-1833 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Annealed polyethylene single crystals have been degraded with fuming nitric acid, and the molecular weight distribution of the fragments determined by using a gel-permeation chromatograph. Peaks due to chain folding were observed in these distributions as for unannealed single crystals. The peaks moved to lower molecular weight with increasing degradation time. Comparison of the lowest molecular weight peak length after a given degradation time with the low-angle x-ray periodicity before degradation gave information about a disordered surface layer. The thickness of this layer at early states of degradation was dependent solely on annealing temperature, though changes in the layer must have occurred with annealing time, since there was an increase in reaction rate with annealing time. At higher degradation states, the thickness of the layer was dependent solely on the original low-angle periodicity. This has been related to the depth at which some folds are buried beneath the lamellar surfaces. The relevance of these observations to the structure of annealed single crystals is discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.160071101
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations of the structure of ethylene-propylene and ethylene-butene copolymer crystals using fuming nitric acid. Part I. The molecular weight distribution of degraded copolymer crystals (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 125 (1969), S. 70-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Einfluß rauchender Salpetersäure auf Einkristalle aus statistischen Äthylen-Propylen- und Äthylen-Butylen-Copolymeren wurde untersucht. In dieser Arbeit werden die mit Hilfe der Gelpermeationschromatographie gemessenen Änderungen der Molekulargewichtsverteilungen beschrieben, die bei der Behandlung solcher Copolymerkristalle mit rauchender Salpetersäure auftreten. In allen Fällen findet man ähnliche Änderungen der Molekulargewichtsverteilung wie bei entsprechend behandelten Einkristallen aus linearem Polyäthylen. Daraus wird gefolgert, daß auch in den Einkristallen dieser Copolymeren die Ketten wie im linearen Polyäthylen gefaltet sind.Außerdem wird eine qualitative Beziehung zwischen der Änderung der Molekulargewichtsverteilung und der des Schmelzverhaltens des abgebauten Polymeren aufgezeigt.
    Notes: The effect of fuming nitric acid on single crystals of random ethylene-propylene and ethylene-butene copolymers has been investigated. In this paper changes in the molecular weight distributions which occur when such copolymer crystals are treated with fuming nitric acid will be described. The changes were examined using Gel Permeation Chromatography. It is shown that in all cases the changes in molecular weight distribution are similar to those observed when crystals of linear polyethylene are treated correspondingly. It is concluded that the copolymer crystals have a chain folded structure very similar to that of single crystals of linear polyethylene.A qualitative correlation between the changes in molecular weight distribution and changes in the melting behaviour of degraded polymer crystals will also be described.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1969.021250108
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The construction of a polyethylene calibration curve for gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene fractions (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 6 (1968), S. 621-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.110060902
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