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  • Chemistry  (564)
  • Physics  (111)
  • Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics  (5)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (680)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • 1965-1969  (680)
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Keywords
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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (680)
  • National Academy of Sciences
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of induced thermal stresses on the coefficients of thermal expansion and densities of filled polymers (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 7 (1969), S. 889-896 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: It is demonstrated that in a filled polymer the thermal stresses resulting from the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the filler and the polymer have significant effect on the apparent coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite. A model is constructed to aid the thermal stress analysis, and the results are found to agree well with the experimental data obtained from other sources. An expression for the apparent densities of filled polymers is also obtained but the agreement between the present prediction with an existing test result is found to be only qualitative.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.160070513
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion in glassy polymers. II (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 7 (1969), S. 879-887 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Fickian diffusion coefficient of methylene chloride in a glassy epoxy polymer is calculated with the use of Crank's model of discontinuous change of D with concentration C. The diffusion constant is obtained as 1.93 × 10-6 cm2/sec. The swollen layer behind the advancing solvent front is essentially in the rubbery state of the same polymer. The case II swelling by benzene is discussed in terms of a convective transport arising from the partial stress (internal) tensor of the penetrant. The superposition of Fickian and case II diffusion found with mixtures of methylene chloride and benzene is also discussed briefly.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.160070512
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of guanosine and its derivatives from AICA-riboside (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 10 (1968), S. 303-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A novel and convenient method for the synthesis of guanosine is described. The reaction of AICA-riboside with sodium methylxanthate gave 2-mercaptoinosine in almost quantitative yield. The latter was oxidized with hydrogen peroxide to afford inosine-2-sulfonic acids, which was readily animated to give guanosine in excellent yield. Similarly, the preparation of N2-methylguanosine and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine, minor constituents of transfer RNA, was also accomplished. Furthermore, this procedure was extended to the synthesis of 2′,3′-O-isopropylideneguanosine and the isopropylidene derivatives of various N2-substituted guanosines from 2′,3′-O-isopropylidene-AICA-riboside. Guanosine via 2′,3′-O-isopropylideneguanosine was successfully phosphorylated to give 5′-guanylic acid.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260100306
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion in glassy polymers. III (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 7 (1969), S. 2019-2028 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The diffusion studies of several solvents in epoxy polymer reported by Kewi and Zupko in Part I of this series are explained with the solution obtained from the generalized diffusion equation which includes the internal stress contribution. The rate of permeation of a penetrant through a polymer film and the time lag needed to reach steady state are also given for the generalized diffusion equation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.160071204
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass spectrometric studies of cycloalkane-α-glycols (1968)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1968), S. 61-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectral fragmentations of stereoisomeric cyclohexane-1,2-diols, p-menthane-2,3-diols, 1-hydroxycarvomenthols and 4-hydroxymenthols are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210010107
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The initiation mechanism of polymerization by the system AlEt3/H2O (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 98 (1966), S. 58-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Reaktion von H2O mit Al-triäthyl (Al(C2H5)3) und der Initiierungsmechanismus der Polymerisation wurden durch Anwendung von tritiiertem H2O untersucht. Beträchtliche Tritium-Anteile aus tritiiertem H2O verblieben im System Al(C2H5)3/H2O bei Zimmertemperatur. Wärmebehandlung des Systems bewirkte eine starke Abnahme des Tritium-Gehalts und einen Verlust der Katalysatoraktivität. Mit dem System Al(C2H5)3/H2O hergestellte Polymere erwiesen sich als radioaktiv. Auf Grund der Ergebnisse wurde angenommen, daß im System Al(C2H5)3/H2O acider Wasserstoff vorhanden und für die Initiierung einer kationischen Polymerisation verantwortlich ist.
    Notes: The reaction between H2O and triethylaluminum Al(Et3) as well as the initiation mechanism of the polymerization by the system AlEt3/H2O have been examined by means of tritiated water, Considerable amount of tritium from tritiated water remained in the system AlEt3/H2O prepared at room temperature. Heat treatment of the system causes both the extensive decrease of tritium content and loss of catalyst activity. Polymers of styrene and isobutyl vinyl ether prepared by the system AlEt3/H2O were found to be radioactive. These findings have been taken to assume that acid hydrogen does exist in the system AlEt3/H2O and is directly responsible for the initiation of cationic polymerization.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1966.020980107
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction modes and polymerization of crotonic esters with lithium aluminum hydride (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 103 (1967), S. 128-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Reaktionsprodukte von Lithiumaluminiumhydrid und Crotonsäureestern unter Polymerisationsbedingungen wurden gaschromatographisch analysiert. Die Reaktivitätsverhältnisse von C—C-Doppelbindungs- zu Carbonyl-Addition des Hydrid-Ions gegenüber Methyl-, iso-Propyl- und sec-Butyl-Crotonaten wurden bestimmt zu 3:1, 20:1, 9:1 und 40:1. Das Zwischenprodukt der Doppelbindungs-Addition wurde als Vorläufer der Polymerisation bestätigt. Die Vorläufer unterliegen danach einer Carbonyl-Addition an das Monomere und beenden so das Wachstum bei Reaktion mit dem Methyl- und dem iso-Butylester; im Falle von iso-Propyl- und sec-Butylester ergab die Doppelbindungs-Addition Hochpolymere. Das Reaktionsprodukt von Methylcrotonat und LiAIH4 zeigte gute katalytische Wirkung bei der Polymerisation von Crotonaten.
    Notes: The reaction products of lithium aluminum hydride with crotonic esters under polymerization conditions were analyzed by gas chromatography. The ratios of carbon-carbon double bond- to carbonyl-addition of the hydride ion toward methyl, iso-propyl, iso-butyl and sec-butyl crotonates are determined as 3:1, 20:1, 9:1, and 40:1, respectively. The intermediate double bond addition product was confirmed to be a precursor of the polymerization. The precursors undergo successive carbonyl-addition onto monomer, terminating the propagation rapidly in the reactions with methyl and isobutyl esters; in case of iso-propyl and sec-butyl esters double bond additions yielded high polymers. The reaction product of methyl crotonate and lithium aluminum hydride showed good catalytic activity for polymerization of crotonates.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1967.021030114
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cationic polymerization of α,β-disubstituted olefins. Part 12. Theoretical consideration of the reactivities of vinyl ethers and β-substituted vinyl ethers (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 3129-3141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: To elucidate the propagation mechanism in the cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers and β-substituted vinyl ethers, the electron distribution in these monomers was computed by the extended Hückel method. Propylene and styrene derivatives were also studied in comparison with the vinyl ether derivatives. Attempts were made to explain the experimental results by various calculated reactivity indices. With the unsaturated hydrocarbons, the reactivity indices on the β-carbon parallel with the relative reactivity in the cationic polymerization or oligomerization. This agreement suggests that the transition state for the rate-determining step of the propagation reaction is represented by a model in which the carbonium ion interacts with the β-carbon of a monomer. On the other hand, the effect of β-alkyl or alkoxyl groups on the reactivity of vinyl ethers could not be explained by the model in which the carbonium ion interacts with an olefinic carbon or an ether oxygen, or both with two atoms. The following model was proposed on the basis of the electronic stabilization energy due to the de- localization from the occupied orbital of a monomer to the vacant orbital of a carbonium ion. This model can explain reasonably the relative reactivity of vinyl ethers and β-substituted vinyl ethers observed in the cationic copolymerization catalyzed by BF3·O(C2H5)2.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150071109
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal analysis of polydimethylsiloxanes. I. Thermal degradation in controlled atmospheres (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 7 (1969), S. 537-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) of catalyst-free polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) have been carried out in controlled atmospheres and a kinetic analysis of the results has enabled the various decomposition processes to be separated and identified. The calculated activation energy for thermal depolymerization is 42 ± 3 kcal/mole, while thermo-oxidation has an apparent activation energy of 30 ± 2 kcal/mole. Quantitative analyses of the major degradation products and molecular weight distribution studies of the residues from degradation studies under isothermal conditions have shown that in vacuo, PDMS fractions depolymerize to cyclic dimethylsiloxanes and low molecular weight linear residues by a randomly initiated mechanism which, it is postulated, involves the formation of an intramolecular, cyclic, four-centered transition state followed by siloxane bond rearrangement. This mechanism is a basic property of linear PDMS fractions and is independent of molecular weight. Molecular weight distribution (MWD) changes observed from further isothermal investigations on hydroxy endblocked PDMS fractions, have shown the presence of a chain-lengthening process in vacuo below the depolymerization temperature. This process, with an apparent activation energy of 8.6 ± 1 kcal/mole, is attributed to the intermolecular condensation of terminal hydroxyl groups.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.160070308
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of condensation polymerization reactors. I. Kinetic model (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 477-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A mathematical model for the kinetics of polycondensation reactions was developed. Reaction rates were expressed in terms of reactive functional groups where the reactivity of each functional group was assumed to be independent of the size of the polymer molecule. A method of testing the validity of the model with batch reactor data is demonstrated. The model is then employed to derive expressions for the equilibrium constant and molecular weight distributions. Continuous reactor yields and molecular weight distributions are then predicted from the batch reactor data. The reactions considered include chain growth, scission, and ester exchange reactions.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070130308
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