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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (20)
  • American Institute of Physics  (5)
  • 1970-1974  (25)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 164 (1973), S. 95-104 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: 7-Oxo-4-phenyl-1,4-azaphosphepan(II) (Phospha-caprolactam) und sein 3,5-Tetramethyl-Derivat (IV) mit einer Amidgruppe und einem Phosphoratom im gleichen Ring wurden dargestellt und in Gegenwart verschiedener Katalysatoren polymerisiert. II polymerisierte mit Al(C2H5)2Cl oder SnCl4 als Katalysatoren zu Polyamiden niederen Molekulargewichts. Die Polymerisation von IV lieferte dagegen keine befriedigenden Ergebnisse. Die Copolymerisation des tetramethylsubstituierten „Phospha-caprolactams“ IV ließ sich jedoch mit anderen cyclischen Verbindungen wie Lactamen, Lactonen oder cyclischen Äthern in Gegenwart kationischer Katalysatoren durchführen.
    Notes: 7-Oxo-4-phenyl-1,4-azaphosphepane (II) (phospha-caprolactam) and its 3,5-tetramethyl derivative (IV) containing an amide group and a phosphorus atom in the same ring, have been synthesized and polymerized in the presence of various catalysts. II polymerized with Al(C2H5)2Cl or SnCl4 as catalysts to give polyamide of low molecular weight, whereas IV did not polymerize with satisfactory results. On the other hand, the copolymerization of the tetramethyl substituted “phospha-caprolactam” IV with other cyclic compounds including lactams, lactones or cyclic ethers took place in the presence of cationic catalysts.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 168 (1973), S. 195-216 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird versucht, die Möglichkeit einer Molekulargewichts-Fraktionierung während der isothermen Kristallisation aufzuzeigen unter Anwendung der Komputer-Simulationstechnik und durch Differential-Scanning-Kalorimetric an Marlex 50. Die Grundgeleichung [dC(t)/dt]t=τ = F(τ) der KAWAIschen Theorie (wobei dC(t)/dt die Kristallisationsgeschwindigkeit, F(τ) die Verteilungsfunktion der Retardations-Zeit τ bedeuten) kann nur dann Gültigkeit besitzen, wenn die Breite von F(τ) (definiert als das Verhältnis von maximalem Wert von τ zu minimalem Wert von τ) 102 oder 〉 102 beträgt. Die isotherme Kristallisationskurve (ICC) wurde für Marlex 50 bei verschiedenen Temperaturen Tc berechnet under der Annahme verschiedener Fraktionierungsgrade x, die die Gewichtsfraktion des Polymeren, gültit für die gesamte Fraktionierung, darstellen. Findet während der isothermen Kristallisation partielle Fraktionierung selbst in geringem Maße statt, so können sich die isothermen Kristallisationskurven nicht überlagern, selbst nicht bei identischen Exponenten n der AVRAMI-Gleichung für mono-disperse Polymer-Komponenten mit verschiedenem Molekulargewicht. Außerdem nimmit n mit der Zeit ab. Diese Tendenz wird bei höheren Tc, bei größerem x und gegen Ende der Kristallisation bedeutender. Aus dem Vergleich der experimentellen Daten mit den theoretischen Kurven resultieren die Werte x = 0,15 bis 0,25. Dies deutet darauf hin, daß wahrend der isothermen Kristallisation eine wenn auch nur teilweise Fraktionierung nach dem Molekulargewicht stattfindet.
    Notes: An attempt is made to clarify the possibility of molecular weight fractionation during isothermal crystallization studied by computer simulation technique and experiments on Marlex 50 by differential scanning calorimetry. The basic equation: [dC(t)/dt]t=τ = F(τ) of the KAWAI theory (where, dC(t)/dt is the rate of crystallization, F(τ) is the distribution function of retardation time τ) can only be valid when the broadness of F(τ), as defined by the ratio of maximum τ to minimum τ is 102 or greater. The isothermal crystallization curve (ICC) was calculated for Marlex 50 at various temperatures Tc assuming different degree of fractionations, x, which is the weight fraction of the polymer obeying the complete fractionation. When partial fractionation occurs, even to a very small extent, during isothermal crystallization, (1) ICCs are not superimposable, even when the exponent n in the AVRAMI's equation is identical for mono-disperse polymer components having different molecular weight, and (2) n decreases with time, this tendency becomes more significant at higher Tc for larger x and at the final stage of crystallization. By comparing the experimental data with the theoretical curves, x = 0,15-0,25 was obtained. This implies that the fractionation with respect to molecular weight occurs, though partially, during isothermal crystallization.
    Additional Material: 31 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 3205-3217 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: PVC samples with different syndiotacticities were degraded at temperatures in the range of 10° to 115°C by UV radiation. The average length of polyenes increases with increase in syndiotacticity of PVC. It was found that by comparison with the long tactic sequences, on the basis of Bernoullian statistics, the propagation reaction of the polyenes at room temperature is terminated when there are more than three racemic dyads in the tactic sequences. At room temperature, the deformation of about 1.3 Å of the PVC main chain takes place, and at temperatures above the glass transition temperature the propagation rate of the polyenes is competitive with the relaxation time between the (tt) and the (tg) conformations.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mechanism of vinyl chloride polymerization by titanium tetrabutoxide-ethylaluminum sesquichloride catalyst system was investigated from the view of the stereoregularity of poly(vinyl chloride). The samples were prepared at a selected temperature in the range from 23 to -78°C. The tactic triads, obtained from 220-MHz NMR spectra, show clearly the adequacy of Bernoullian statistics in describing the mechanism for stereochemical propagation. The chain propagation proceeds according to Bernoullian statistics with syndiotactic placements favored by 550 cal/mole. These results suggest that vinyl chloride polymerizes by a free-radical mechanism under the action of the present catalyst system.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 675-681 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 3029-3033 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 1653-1669 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High-resolution proton magnetic resonance (PMR) spectroscopy was used to determine the chlorine distribution of chlorinated polypropylenes in 1,1,2,2,-tetrachloroethane solution and suspension (5-25 wt % chlorine). The determination is based on measuring the relative amounts of methyl and methylene groups which are α, β, and γ to chlorinecontaining groups in chlorinated polypropylenes. The results obtained from the 100 MHz and 220 MHz PMR spectrometers were compared with the theoretical predictions provided by Frendsdorff and Ekiner, based on the statistics of substitution polymers. Furthermore, the PMR data were correlated with infrared and differential scanning calorimetry data to obtain the structural and crystalline properties. The comparison showed that the suspension-chlorinated polypropylenes show structure heterogeneity and thermal instability, whereas polymers chlorinated in solution with gaseous chlorine show a random chlorine distribution and thermal stability compared with the former.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 1939-1952 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of solvent on solution or interfacial polycondensations was investigated in terms of selectivity and control of functional groups such as amine or hydroxyl groups toward polycondensation reactions. Solution polycondensation of a mixture of resorcinol (RL) and m-xylyenediamine (m-XD) with isophthaloyl chloride was affected by solvents to such extent as to change the course of the polycondensation reaction, and hexamethylenephosphoramide (HMPA) caused the formation of amide-rich polymer, while tetrahydrofuran (THF) was a solvent favoring formation of a polyamide ester with a regular structure. Polycondensation of 3,3′-dihydroxybenzidine (DHB) with isophthaloyl chloride yielded exclusively a linear polyamide in HMPA solution, while with aldehyde as a solvent polyester was obtained owing to the preservation of the amine group. Thus, it was found that the course of polycondensation reactions of monomers having different functional groups could be controlled by selection of a suitable solvent.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 2537-2545 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ester-exchange and polycondensation reactions of active diesters such as diphenyl, dithiophenyl, or dipyridinyl esters of adipic or terephthalic acids with glycols were carried out in order to investigate the reactivity of these active diesters toward nucleophilic replacement. Catalysts such as potassium carbonate were required for the esterexchange of these active diesters. Comparison of the reactivity of these active diesters with that of ordinary diesters in the presence of potassium carbonate as a catalyst indicates the rates or the equilibrium constants of the exchange reactions of these active diesters were much larger than those of ordinary diesters, indicating that polyesterification reactions favorably occur. Polyesters were obtained in good yield either by solution or bulk methods in mild conditions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 751-760 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Various N-cycloalkyl fumaramides having different characters of N-cycloalkyl groups such as piperidine, morpholine, or pyrrolidone were synthesized and homopolymerized or copolymerized with styrene by use of a radical initiator and ultraviolet irradiation, respectively. N,N′-Dipiperidinyl or -dimorpholyl fumaramides copolymerized with styrene to form a random copolymer, while N,N′-fumaroyl dipyrrolidone tended to form an alternating copolymer with styrene, indicating that the electron distribution of the N-cycloalkyl group affects the polymerizability of fumaramide derivatives. Photopolymerizability of these fumaramides was not as great as that of α,β-unsaturated esters.
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