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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereochemistry of nucleic acids and their constituents. X.For part IX of this series, see Sundaralingam and Arora.1 solid-slate base-slacking patterns in nucleic acid constituents and polynucleotides (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 10 (1971), S. 175-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The base-stacking patterns in over 70 published crystal structures of nucleic acid constituents and polynucleotides were examined. Several recurring stacking patterns were found. Base stacking in the solid state apparently is very specific, with particular modes of interaction persisting in various crystalline environments. The vertical stacking of purities and pyrimidines in polynucleotides is similar to that observed in crystals of nucleic acid constituents. Only partial base overlap was found in the majority of the structures examined. Usually, the base overlap is accomplished by positioning polar substituents over the ring system of an adjacent base. The stacking interactions are similar to those found in the crystal structures of other polar aromatic compounds, but are considerably different from the ring-ring interactions in nonpolar aromatic compounds. Apparently, dipole-induced dipole forces are largely responsible for solid-state base stacking. It is found that halogen substituents affect base-stacking patterns. In general, the presence of a halogen substituent results in a stacking pattern which permits intimate contact between the halogen atom and adjacent purine or pyrimidine rings. Considering differences in the stacking patterns found for halogenated and nonhalogenated pyrimidines, a model is proposed to account for the mutagenic effects of halogenated pyrimidines.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360100113
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of complex structures to satisfy static, dynamic and aeroelastic requirements (1974)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 8 (1974), S. 249-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A structural optimization problem is considered in which the design requirements include restrictions on the strength, stability, frequency and flutter characteristics of the structure. One of the central concerns of this phase of the work has been to overcome the problems inherent in analysing the dynamic and aeroelastic behaviour of structures with many degrees of freedom. The multiweb delta wing structure under supersonic flight conditions is the model upon which this exploratory study is based. The finite element idealization, with three different kinds of elements, is used to model the wing structure. The constant stress triangular plate elements, the rectangular shear panels and the pin-jointed bar elements are used to represent, respectively, the cover skins, webs and stringers of the wing structure. The design problem is formulated as a minimum weight optimization problem and is solved by using non-linear programming techniques. Computationally efficient schemes are developed for the necessary derivatives of the behaviour constraints. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the feasibility and the computational effectiveness of the method.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620080205
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steady state technique for measuring fluxes and diffusivities in binary liquid systems (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 75-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A steady state experimental technique for measuring fluxes of the components and diffusivities in binary liquid systems has been developed. Steady state diffusion is established through a sintered glass diaphragm of ultrafine porosity with a known concentration difference across the diaphragm. The concentrations are maintained by a flow of solution on one side of the diaphragm and an infinite sink on the other side. The fluxes and diffusivities are calculated from the measured flows and compositions. A syringe pump capable of delivering extremely small flow rates with good reproducibility is used to pump the solution past the sintered glass diaphragm. The diffusion cell design permits an accurate control of pressure drop across the diaphragm so that fluxes can be measured both with and without pressure gradients. The diffusion cell was calibrated by using the hydrochloric acid-water system.Three binary systems, ethanol-benzene, aniline-benzene, and aniline-carbon tetrachloride were chosen for diffusion studies. Diffusivity-composition data for these systems at 25°C. were used to test the existing correlations for the concentration dependence of binary diffusivity. Of these, the empirical correlation of Vignes (11) represents the data satisfactorily. In addition, experimental molar diffusion flux ratio data for the above systems at 25°C. with no pressure gradients are reported and found to be essentially equal to the ratio of molar volumes of the components.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690170117
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of residual side chain blocking groups and side chain charge on polypeptide conformation in aqueous solution (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 12 (1973), S. 835-843 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The circular dichroism (CD) spectrum of poly-L-lysine and poly-L-glutamic acid has been investigated in the presence of a small percent of side-chain blocking groups. The blocking groups benzyl, methyl, and carbobenzoxy show qualitatively similar effects. Less than five mole percent of aromatic blocking groups alters the CD spectrum. Consequently, unsuspected blocking groups may account for the variation observed in CD spectra of these polymers. A weak CD band at 235-240 nm was observed for the disordered unblocked polymer even in the absence of electrolyte. Viscosity data indicate that in salt-free solutions these chains at neutral pH still behave as random coils though with reduced conformational freedom, in contrast to some polyelectrolytes which behave as rigid rods in the absence of electrolyte. The viscosity data bring into question the relevance of isolated molecule conformational calculations to experimental CD spectra.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1973.360120412
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbead polymerization of styrene-divinylbenzene with sulfated poly(vinyl alcohol) suspending agent (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 9 (1971), S. 805-807 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1971.150090319
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