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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 186 (1971), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 35 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY– Development of a new cereal-based product—proposed as a replacement for existing rations now used in the Civil Defense Ration Program—is described. Major emphasis was placed on developing a product containing adequate amounts of protein (46 g/day vs 14 g/day for existing rations) and at a competitive cost. Selection of raw materials, nutritive value and processing conditions were developed to meet these and other criteria of the Office of Civil Defense. Major ingredients were whole wheat flour, casein and lard. The finished product cost was 20c/lb vs 23c/lb for the existing rations. Application of these efforts to other civilian areas is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 2 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Thirty-one vital dyes were screened for marking bleak, roach and gudgeon by total body immersion in aqueous solutions of the dye. Only six dyes stained without killing, and of these Nile blue, neutral red and Bismarck brown were used successfully in the field. This approach to estimation of population size was abandoned because (1) the toxicity of the dyes varied at different times of year, (2) the numbers needed for release were impractically high and (3) fingerlings showed extremely high mortality on handling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 4 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The first annual check appears on the scales of Thames dace as the fish begin their third year of life. Counting of annuli does not give the true age of the fish. Data from 4 other habitats are re-examined and on one occasion it is evident that ageing has been incorrect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 3 (1971), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The production of the young stages of four species of cyprinid fish in the River Thames was estimated. From the time when underyearling fish became fully vulnerable to the special fine mesh net used, to the end of their first year, production is 39 g/ma/year compared with 83-3 g/m2/year for fish over 1-year old. The contribution of fecundity to population production varied widely, from 6.1 to 0.4 g/m2/year, but was only a small part of total production. The most productive part of the population was that found between spawning and prior to full vulnerability to the net. Production of this part of the population could be estimated only indirectly and was found to be 58-6 g/m2/year. In the four populations studied production during the first year of life was 66 to 73 % of total cohort production in 1967 and only 39 to 64% in 1968. Total fish production in the Thames was estimated at 197 k cal/m2/year; this high result is a consequence of the very high densities found: up to 96-9 fish/m2 were present in August 1967. Ten km of the Thames would contain about 54 000 000 fish in August, falling to around 8 000 000 in winter. The production: biomass ratios for the four species varied from 1–1 to 1′9 in 1967 and from 0–7 to 2-0 in 1968.Very heavy, possibly density dependent, mortality occurs in the first year of life; the annual instantaneous mortality rates are very high, ranging from 6–4 to 8–7. Mortality is heaviest during the first 2 to 3 months after spawning; the instantaneous mortality rates during this period vary from 4-0 to 7-3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 36 (1971), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY— Studies were undertaken to develop a nutritious and aesthetically attractive protein concentrate from commercial meat and bone meal. Flotation in carbon tetrachloride was used to separate meat residues from the bulk of the bone. The meat residues had moderate nutritional merit in rat feeding trials. Further improvement was achieved by size separation or by base extraction. The finer fraction from size separation had a more favorable amino acid balance and gave better growth rates and protein efficiency ratios (PER) than did the unfractionated material. Growth rates increased markedly as the amount in the diet was increased to give 15 and 20% protein. It had more than an additive effect on growth and PER as a supplement to wheat flour or whole corn. Extraction with base improved amino acid balance, growth response and flavor. Addition of 9% of the base-extracted material to rice or biscuits had little effect on flavor; a gray-red color remained prominant. Overall yields of the base-extracted material starting with meat and bone meal were about 34%. The protein content of the product was about 88% on a dry weight basis. Its PER when 2% methionine was added was 75% of that of casein (without added methionine) in a rat feeding experiment. The cost of production is estimated at about $0.13/lb when allowance is made for methionine addition and for sale of residues from the production process as an animal feed supplement
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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