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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On a concept of representative democracy (1974)
    Springer
    Theory and decision 5 (1974), S. 249-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7187
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Political theory distinguishes between two concepts of representative democratic decisions. Under the first concept, representatives do not decide issues as independent individuals but merely reflect the ‘will’ of their constituencies; under the second, the decisions are made by the elected representatives themselves on the basis of their independent judgments on political issues. In the literature of democratic choice, the first concept has been formalized by Murakami, Fishburn, Pattanaik among others, in terms of decision procedures where the representative is identified with the preference-pattern emerging from the aggregation of the preferences of individual voters in a given constituency. Here we formalize the second type of representative democracy and show that it comes into conflict with certain essential features of a democratic group decision rule. In particular decisiveness and monotonicity are violated. The violation of monotonicity is of particular significance because it has come to be regarded as one of the fundamental principles for the ethical acceptability of democratic decision procedures. I am also grateful to the University Grants Commission of India for the financial assistance in carrying out this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00164717
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity analysis methods for a crop-mix problem in linear programming (1970)
    Springer
    Mathematical methods of operations research 14 (1970), S. 2-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5217
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Four different methods of analyzing the sensitivity of the optimal solution of a crop-mix problem in linear programming, e. g., (a) variability analysis for second-best and third-best solutions, (b) perturbation analysis around a specific optimal basis, (c) the sensitivity coefficient approach, and (d) the method of fractile criterion by which a specified fractile of the distribution of profits is maximized, are investigated here. The objective is to compare the different operational methods of sensitivity analysis applied to an empirical economic problem.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt vier Methoden zur Untersuchung der Sensitivität der optimalen Lösung eines „crop-mix“-Problems der linearen Programmierung: a) „variability analysis“ für zweit- und drittbeste Lösungen, b) „perturbation analysis“ der optimalen Basis, c) das „sensitivity-coefficient“-Verfahren und d) die „fractile-criterion“-Methode, durch die ein bestimmter Teil der Gewinnverteilung maximiert wird. Ziel der Arbeit ist ein Vergleich der Methoden bezüglich ihrer Anwendung auf empirische ökonomische Probleme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01918247
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A statistical reliability approach to linear programming (1971)
    Springer
    Mathematical methods of operations research 15 (1971), S. 255-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5217
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit werden die Implikationen der stochastischen Interpretation eines LP-Problems mit Hilfe der statistischen Zuverlässigkeitstheorie untersucht. Der Begriff der Zuverlässigkeit, seine Beziehung zu dem Vorhandensein von Überschußressourcen oder organisatorischem Schlupf und zum altersmäßigen Aufbau spezifischer Ressourcen, z. B. Kapital, mit einer speziellen Abbau-Funktion werden unter ökonomischen Gesichtspunkten geprüft. Auch Anwendungsmöglichkeiten dieses Zuverlässigkeitsverfahrens für ökonomische Verteilungs-Modelle werden angegeben, insbesondere für den Fall, in dem die optimale Dauerhaftigkeit fixer Ressourcen bestimmt werden soll.
    Notes: Summary The implications of the probabilistic interpretation of a linear programming system in terms of the statistical theory of reliability are here analyzed. The concept of reliability, its relation to the presence of excess resources or organizational slack and to the age distribution of specific resources like capital with a specific depletion function is explored from an economic viewpoint. Possible uses of this reliability approach for economic models of resource allocation are also indicated, particularly for the case when the optimal durability of fixed resources is to be determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01939834
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A system reliability approach to linear programming (1971)
    Springer
    Mathematical methods of operations research 15 (1971), S. 112-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5217
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein Verfahren zur Untersuchung der Zuverlässigkeit eines Systems für den Fall entwickelt, daß die Beschränkungen eines L. P.-Problems zufallsabhängig sind. Es werden Methoden zur Charakterisierung eines Maßes für die Zuverlässigkeit eines L. P.-Systems, die sich daraus ergebenden Implikationen bei verschiedenen Annahmen über die Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilung und die Möglichkeit zur Bestimmung von Politik-Arten mittels eines verbesserten Verfahrens zur Untersuchung der System-Zuverlässigkeit diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary A system reliability approach to linear programming is developed here for the case when the restrictions are chance-constrained. Methods of characterizing a system reliability measure for a linear programming system, its implications under alternative probability distribution assumptions and its uses for specifying policies with an improved system reliability routine are analytically discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01939819
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  • 5
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    A system reliability approach to linear programming (1971)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971-12-01
    Print ISSN: 1432-2994
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-5217
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
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    A statistical reliability approach to linear programming (1971)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971-12-01
    Print ISSN: 1432-2994
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-5217
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
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    Sensitivity analysis methods for a crop-mix problem in linear programming (1970)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1970-12-01
    Print ISSN: 1432-2994
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-5217
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Published by Springer
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