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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (6)
  • 1970-1974  (6)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1945-1949
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular sieves as drying agents for the monomer in the radiation-induced ionic polymerization of liquid vinyl monomers (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 2847-2852 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The factors which influence the drying of liquid vinyl monomers with molecular sieves are discussed. It is found that the best results are obtained by drying the monomer for at least 12 hr at -15°C on molecular sieves that received no pretreatment at elevated temperatures. Although the prepolymerization that takes place on the molecular sieves during the drying can be quite extensive, the excellent reproducibility that can be achieved by using this method makes it a promising drying technique.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070161111
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The irradiation of vinyl monomers in the presence of paraffin waxes (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 2519-2522 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The radiation-induced grafting of a series of monomers onto a wide range of paraffin waxes was attempted. Although no grafting could be achieved and only homopolymers were formed, the rates of homopolymerization were greatly enhanced in the presence of the wax. This phenomenon is ascribed to processes of energy transfer from the irradiated wax to the monomer.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1973.070170817
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation-induced copolymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether with trichloroethylene (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 2681-2690 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The radiation-induced copolymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether with trichloroethylene was investigated in the temperature range from -50°C to 100°C over a wide range of comonomer compositions. A copolymer was obtained in which the monomers alternate with regularity along the polymer chain over essentially the entire range of comonomer compositions. Both the rate of copolymerization and the number-average molecular weight of the resulting copolymer were found to depend strongly on the initial comonomer composition. The monomer reactivity ratios were determined and correspond well with calculated values. An apparent activation energy of 3.2 kcal/mole was obtained for the copolymerization process which exhibits a dose rate dependence of 0.72. The number-average molecular weight was found to be strongly dependent on the irradiation temperature, reaching a maximum value at 5°C.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.170111020
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation-induced ionic polymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether in bulk (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 2457-2466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The radiation-induced ionic polymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether was investigated under conditions where the monomer was dried with molecular sieves. The investigation covered the temperature range from -16°C to 90°C, and the dose-rate range from 1015 to 1020 eV/g-sec, using both γ-rays and electrons. A very high overall activation energy of 15.9 kcal/mole was found for the process below 30°C. Above 30°C, however, the value of the overall activation energy dropped to 4.9 kcal/mole, a phenomenon which is ascribed to the solvation of the propagating carbonium ion below 30°C. The dose-rate dependence of the rate of polymerization was found to be 0.58 over the entire dose-rate range investigated. The molecular weight of the polymer was found to be far less sensitive to trace amounts of water than the rate of polymerization. The molecular weight of the polymer depended strongly on the irradiation temperature, reaching a maximum value of about 120,000 at 35°C. It is shown that at temperatures above 20°C regenerative chain transfer processes play an important role in determining the molecular weight of the polymer.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1974.170121101
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and properties of poly[3.3-bis(mercaptomethyl)oxetane] (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 146 (1971), S. 145-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Synthese und Polymerisation verschiedener Derivate des 3.3-Bis(mercaptomethyl)-oxetans (BMMO) wurde untersucht. Nur die Derivate, in welchen die Schwefelatome durch elektronenziehende Gruppen substituiert sind, konnten unter Einfluß von kationischen Katalysatoren wie Bortrifluorid-Ätherat oder Phosphorpentafluorid zu Polyäthern mit einem Polymerisationsgrad bis 90 umgesetzt werden.Durch alkalische Hydrolyse konnten die Polymeren in Poly-(BMMO) umgewandelt werden. Dieses Polymercaptan ist nur in alkalischem Medium (Wasser oder Alkohol) löslich. Es wird leicht durch Jod zu einem unlöslichen und unschmelzbaren Polydisulfid oxidiert. Die Geschwindigkeit der Oxydation des Poly-(BMMO) in 0,5 n Natriumhydroxid durch molekularen Sauerstoff in Anwesenheit von Spuren von Metallsalzen wurde mit der Oxydationsgeschwindigkeit einiger niedermolekularer Modellsubstanzen und Poly-(vinylmercaptan) verglichen. Poly-(BMMO) reagierte immer langsamer als die Modellsubstanzen; Poly-(vinylmercaptan) reagierte schneller, wenn die Reaktion erster Ordnung in bezug auf die Mercaptankonzentration war, langsamer wenn die Reaktion nullter Ordnung war.
    Notes: Several derivatives of 3.3-bis(mercaptomethyl)oxetane (BMMO) have been synthesized and their polymerizations studied. Only those derivatives in which the sulfur atoms are substituted by an electron-withdrawing group (acetate, carbonate, carboethoxy) gave polyethers under the influence of cationic catalysts such as boron trifluoride etherate or phosphorous pentafluoride. Polymers with a degree of polymerization up to 90 were obtained. By alkaline hydrolysis the polymers could be transformed into poly(BMMO). This polymercaptan was soluble only in alkaline medium (alcohol or water). It was oxidized to an insoluble polydisulfide by means of iodine. The rate of oxidation of poly(BMMO) dissolved in 0.5 N sodium hydroxide by means of oxygen in the presence of metal salts has been compared with the rate of oxidation of low molecular weight model compounds and poly(vinyl thiol). It was found that poly(BMMO) always reacted at the lowest rate whereas poly(vinyl thiol) reacted faster than the model compounds if the reaction was first order with respect to thiol concentration but slower if it was of zero order. The lower oxidation rate for the polymers is attributed to steric factors.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1971.021460115
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation-induced copolymerization of chlorotrifluoroethylene with ethyl vinyl ether (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 9 (1971), S. 3425-3435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The radiation-induced copolymerization of chlorotrifluoroethylene with ethyl vinyl ether was investigated in the liquid phase at 20 and -78°C over a wide range of monomer compositions. A copolymer was obtained in which the monomers alternate with regularity along the polymer chain over the entire range of monomer compositions investigated. Both the rate of copolymerization and the intrinsic viscosity of the resulting copolymer were found to depend strongly on the initial monomer composition, both reaching a maximum value at an equimolar concentration of the monomers. The monomer reactivity ratios were determined and correspond well with calculated values. A decrease in the irradiation temperature was accompanied by a marked decrease in the rate of copolymerization and the intrinsic viscosity of the copolymer.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1971.150091202
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