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  • GEOPHYSICS  (52)
  • Chemistry  (51)
  • 1970-1974  (64)
  • 1965-1969  (39)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of stress on tissue ingrowth into porous aluminum oxide (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 8 (1974), S. 85-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A study of the tissue compatibility of aluminum oxide implants under different stress conditions in rabbits was performed over four- and eight-week implantation periods. The specific objectives were to examine endosteal bone ingrowth into aluminum oxide coneshaped plugs in amputated tibiae, while additional pellet-shaped implants in the tibiae and femora of rabbits with amputated and nonamputated limbs were studied to determine: (1) if the degree of loading placed on the amputated limb was sufficient to promote bone activity, (2) the degree of inertness and/or toxicity of the aluminum oxide implants, and (3) a possible cause of bone spurs.The results of the radiographic, histologic and microradiographic analyses of the in vivo implants demonstrated that there was little mineralized bone ingrowth into the coneshaped aluminum oxide implants in the amputated tibiae. The study also showed that the aluminum oxide pellet implants in the tibiae and femora of the nonamputated limbs demonstrated excellent mineralized bone ingrowth into surface and internal pores. By comparing these results with the incomplete ingrowth into corresponding pellet implants in the tibiae and femora of amputated limbs, it was determined that a lack of weight bearing and damage to the musculature and vascularity following amputation were interfering with the normal bone activity and therefore bone ingrowth.Angiographs and radiographs of the amputated tibiae demonstrated that bone spurs were present and that they originated at the site of the periosteal damage. Their cause was believed to be associated with an increase in the vascularity of the adjacent tissues.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820080310
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of porous ceramics for the attachment of load bearing internal orthopedic applications (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 161-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Additional Material: 38 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050613
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibility of porous ceramics with soft tissue; application to tracheal prostheses (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 269-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The trachea is a rather simple structure, and partly because of this simplicity, many attempts have been made to effect replacement with various types of prosthetic tubes. Unfortunately, the basic design of the trachea is not easily duplicated, and thus far there is no completely satisfactory prosthetic replacement. A series of porous and non-porous ceramics implanted in muscle tissue of rabbits indicated that rigid, porous materials can be compatible with soft, viable tissue. A prosthesis of porous ceramic rings and alternate bands of Dacron mesh was constructed and employed to bridge 6-cm defects created in the tracheas of mongrel dogs. After 6 months an asymptomatic animal was sacrificed. Firm fixation was accomplished and the lumen was completely patent, but histological sections demonstrated that ingrowth and scarring did not satisfactorily contain bacterial infection. Encouragement of epithelial regeneration or some artificial barrier is necessary for successful implants. Work in progress includes devices using both methods to provide this barrier.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050616
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attachment of prostheses to the musculo-skeletal system by tissue ingrowth and mechanical interlocking (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. 1-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The concept of tissue ingrowth into porous biomaterials as a means of attaching prostheses to the musculo-skeletal system is reviewed. A compilation of the various ceramic materials studied in vivo to date along with the results of the studies is presented. Results of studies on kinetics of tissue ingrowth into porous biomaterials are summarized. A discussion of the parameters controlling the rate of tissue ingrowth into porous implants is presented.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070303
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical properties of the bone-porous biomaterial interface: Elastic behavior (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. 363-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The possibility of evaluating the elastic moduli of the bone-porous biomaterial interface by treating it as a two-phase composite is discussed. Methods of placing bounds on the elastic moduli of such a composite are presented and applied to five materials currently being considered for use in porous prosthetic devices: 316 stainless steel, titanium, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy (Vitallium), alumina (Al2O3), and high density polyethylene. The results show that when the prosthetic material becomes completely ingrown with bone, the elastic modulus of the composite becomes more compatible with bone. Titanium appears to be very favorable. Young's modulus for bulk titanium is about four times that of bone, while the fully ingrown composite has a Young's modulus approximately twice that of bone. Similar results obtain for the other elastic moduli. It is noted that the results for 316 SS apply to all surgical stainless steels, those for Co-Cr-Mo apply to other Co-Cr alloys and those for titanium apply to alloyed titanium.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070323
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preface (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070302
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential of ceramic materials as permanently implantable skeletal prosthesesPaper presented at Second Materials Engineering and Sciences Conference at the February, 1970, National Meeting of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Atlanta, Georgia. (1970)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 4 (1970), S. 433-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The feasibility of the use of porous ceramic materials in the permanent repair of skeletal defects was studied from the standpoint of physiological compatibility and in growth of natural bone. High-fired calcium aluminate samples in the form of quarter-inch diameter cylindrical pellets containing interconnecting porous networks were implanted in vivo into canine femurs for 4-, 11-, and 22-week periods. The implants had 65% porosity with pore size falling within one of five distinct ranges from less than 45 μ to about 200 μ in diameter.Thin sections were prepared by grinding (poly) methyl methacrylate-mounted cross sections of the femurs containing the implanted ceramic samples and adjacent soft tissues. Tissue-prosthetic compatibility was determined using standard histological thin section procedures, electron microbeam probe examinations, autoradiographic techniques, microfadiographic techniques, microchemistry techniques, and ultra-violet fluorescent techniques. Optical microscopic evaluations of each section showed the ceramic samples to be bound lightly by natural bone and gave no detectable signs of tissue incompatibility. Minimum pore size for significant ingrowth of natural bone was indicated to be between 75 and 100 μ.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820040309
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corrosion of Ti-6Al-4V in simulated body fluids and bovine plasma (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 6 (1972), S. 155-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The corrosion of Ti-6Al-4V at 37°C in several simulated body fluids and bovine plasma was studied using the passive current-time technique. A 0.9% NaCl (bw)-0.1 N NaH2PO4 solution gave results closest to those using bovine plasma as an electrolyte.All of the samples showed an activation period of 10-15 hr, after which an increase in the corrosion rate was observed. Several possible explanations for this effect are given.For comparison, a sample of Type 316 L stainless steel was tested using isotonic saline solution as the electrolyte. Both the initial and final current densities were considerably higher than those for Ti-6Al-4V indicating a corrosion rate considerably higher for the Type 316 L stainless steel.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820060304
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A quick screening test of biomaterials by means of chick embryo techniquesThis paper was presented at the 5th Annual Spring Meeting of the Metallurgical Society of AIME, June 1973, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 8 (1974), S. 137-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Many types of materials are being used as biomaterials, and there is a continuing search for more and better materials for specific pur poses. In this investigation, a new method was employed in screening materials in an effort to cut costs, save time, and have a worthwhile indication of the prospect of a new material. Samples of twenty gauge wires of stainless steel 316, stainless steel 304, Titanium 40, Vitallium, and copper were introduced into leg or wing muscles of 18-day-old chick embryos.This was accomplished by opening the egg shell with a dental drill, implanting the material, and reclosing the shell. The chicks were allowed to hatch and were later sacrificed after eleven days, giving a total implant time of 14 days. This time period allowed for the acute inflammation that occurred during wound healing to subside. The sections were retrieved, embedded in epon 812, sectioned with a diamond saw, and histologically evaluated.Copper was used for the negative control and showed the greatest adverse tissue response. Titanium 40 showed almost no response and stainless steel 316 showed very little. Stainless steel 304 exhibited a somewhat greater response than the stainless steel 316. All of the materials except wrought Vitallium used in this experiment gave predicted results.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820080204
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The computation of some molecular weights (1973)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 7 (1973), S. 601-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for deducing the molecular weight of a compound, the mass spectrom of which does not extend as far as the molecular weight, It is based upon the combination of fragment ions and restricted to limits determined by an approximate estimate of that weight.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210070510
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