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  • Cambridge University Press  (7)
  • 1970-1974  (6)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
  • 1
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    Effects of soil compaction on yield and fertilizer requirement of sugar beet (1970)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1970-12-01
    Description: SUMMARYFive experiments (1967–9) on soils formed from calcareous drift examined the effects of soil compaction on seedling emergence and yield of sugar beet, also the interaction between compaction and response to nitrogen fertilizer (N) and phosphate fertilizer (P2O5). Some seedbeds were compacted in winter, others in spring and others prepared with the minimum of compaction; each was tested with 0·6, 1·2 and 1·8 cwt/acre N plus 0·8 cwt/acre additional P2O5. All plots were given a basal dressing of 0–8 cwt/acre P2O6 and enough of other major nutrients.Compaction decreased seedling populations in four experiments but increased it in one year, when the weather was dry while the seeds were germinating. However, in every experiment compaction significantly decreased yield of roots and sugar. It also interacted with the fertilizer treatments, significantly on average, increasing nitrogen requirement and decreasing phosphate requirement. On average, 0·6 cwt/acre N and 1·6 cwt/acre P2O5 gave the greatest yield without compaction and 1·2 cwt/acre N and 0·8 cwt/acre P2O6 with compaction.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 2
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    The effect of sowing date and harvesting date on the yield of sugar beet (1970)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1970-10-01
    Description: SUMMARYA field experiment in each year 1963 to 1967 in Suffolk, England, tested the effect on yield of sugar beet of sowing dates ranging from 13 March to 11 May and harvest dates ranging from 20 September to 8 December. Sowings in March or early April gave similar yields of sugar but with later sowings yield decreased progressively faster. The relationship is represented by the equationy = 106·3 (±2·24) + 0·212 (±0·184)x-0·009 (±0·003)x2,y = yield as percentage of mean (60·1 cwt/acre of sugar), x = number of days after 12 March.Delayed harvest increased sugar yield; the relationship is represented by the equationy = 80·22 (±1·51) + 0·836 (±0·09)z-0·006 (±0·001)z2,z = number of days after 19 September. This represents an increase of 0·247 cwt/acre/day of sugar in October and 0·083 cwt/acre/day in November, equivalent to about 2½ tons/acre of roots in October and 1 ton/acre in November.The effect on sugar yield of different lengths of growing period, which ranged from 138 to 271 days, is represented by the equationy = 38·7 (±26·6) + 1·045 (±0·267)a-0·0017 (±0·0007)a2,a = number of days between sowing and harvest.On average, sowing date had negligible effect on sugar percentage at harvest. In 3 years sugar percentage increased after the first harvest to a maximum and then decreased; in 2 years it decreased with consecutive harvests.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 3
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    Effects of pulverized fuel ash on the moisture characteristics of coarse-textured soils and on crop yields (1971)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971-08-01
    Description: SummaryIn field experiments carried out over a period of three years studies were made of the effects on soil moisture characteristics and crop yields of incorporating pulverized fuel ash into the surface 30 cm of a sandy loam and a coarse sand. Ash from two different sources was used at rates equivalent to 0, 125, 251, 502 and 753 t/ha and crops of carrots, lettuce, radish and red beet were grown.On every occasion when determinations were made the available-water capacities of the soils treated with 251 t/ha or more of ash were greater than the untreated soils; the largest increase (93%) was obtained with the highest rate of ash. Moisture release characteristics indicated that the increased amount of available water was retained in the soils at matric suctions between 0·05 and 1·0 atmospheres.Despite the increased amount of available water retained in these soils there was generally no beneficial effect on crop growth and yields.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 4
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    The effect of subsoiling and different levels of manuring on yields of cereals, lucerne and sugar beet (1967)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1967-10-01
    Description: The effect of subsoiling an old arable clay-loam soil at Broom's Barn Experimental Station, Suffolk, was tested with a sequence of wheat, barley and sugar-beet crops, a lucerne ley and a sugar-beet test crop in the fourth year.Subsoiling increased the yield of each crop each year, averages over 3 years were: wheat, 0·6 cwt/acre of grain; barley 0·4 cwt/acre; lucerne 0·6 cwt/acre of dry matter. Average increases of sugar beet over 4 years were 0·7 tons/acre of roots or 2·1 cwt/acre of sugar; the increase was greatest (2·9 cwt/acre of sugar) in the first year.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 5
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    The effect of time of sowing and harvesting on growth, yield and nitrogen fertilizer requirement of sugar beet (1973)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1973-10-01
    Description: SummaryFour field experiments (1968–71) investigated the effect of changing the length of the growing period on the nitrogen fertilizer requirement of sugar beet. The crop was sown on three occasions (March–May), harvested on three occasions (September–December) and given four amounts of fertilizer (0–225 kg N/ha). Plant samples were analysed at several stages of growth (1969–71) in an attempt to predict the amount of nitrogen fertilizer needed for maximum sugar yield and also at the end of the season to determine the nitrogen uptake. Increasing the length of the growing period increased sugar yield greatly but the amount of nitrogen fertilizer needed for maximum sugar yield was unchanged. The crop given the largest dressing of nitrogen and with the longest growing period contained most total nitrogen, but in every experiment, giving more than 75 kg N/ha neither increased nor decreased the sugar yield significantly. As a result of the small variations in nitrogen requirement, the plant analyses during the growing season were of little value in predicting the needs of the crop.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 6
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    Effects of plant density, irrigation and potassium and sodium fertilizers on sugar beet: I. Yields and nutrient composition (1974)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1974-04-01
    Description: SummaryThree experiments (1970–2) on calcareous sandy loan tested all combinations of four plant densities (18500–124000 plants/ha), two amounts of potassium (0, 156 kg/K/ha) and sodium (0, 247 kg/Na/ha) fertilizer and two watering treatments on yield and chemical composition of sugar beet. The main effects of the treatments in all three experiments confirmed that at least 75000 plants/ha were needed for maximum sugar yield, that sodium fertilizer increased sugar yield more than potassium (+0.76 and +0.29 t/ha respectively) and that the crop responded to irrigation in some years (+1.35 t sugar/ha in 1970 and +1.67 t/ha in 1972).Analysis of the growth of the crop showed that increasing the plant density increased leaf growth per unit area from singling onwards and giving irrigation increased it from July; the effects persisted until harvest and were reflected in increased sugar yields. Fertilizer increased leaf growth early in the season but the effect disappeared later, although sugar yield was still increased. Interactions between plant density, fertilizer treatment and irrigation were small every year but there were some consistent effects on sugar yield. The results suggest that in commercial practice the optimum density is 75000 plants/ha; where irrigation is not practised, 247 kg/ha of sodium and 70 kg/ha of potassium fertilizer should be given. Where irrigation is applied, only 247 kg/ha of sodium needs to be given as the extra water increases the uptake of soil potassium.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 7
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    Effects of nitrogen fertilizer, plant population and irrigation on sugar beet: I. Yields (1971)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971-04-01
    Description: SUMMARYFive experiments (1965–9) on calcareous sandy loam tested all combinations of four amounts of nitrogen (0–1·8 cwt/acre N) and four plant populations (8000–54 000 plants/ acre) given to sugar beet grown with and without irrigation. On average, nitrogen and plant population influenced yields greatly but irrigation relatively little. In all years between 0·6 and 1·2 cwt/acre N and between 17000 and 32000 plants/acre gave largest sugar yield. Giving more nitrogen or increasing the plant population neither increased nor decreased sugar yield much in any year. Irrigation was beneficial in only two out of five years.Sugar yield was linearly related to root dry-matter yield. Although total dry matter was greatest when the largest plant population was given the largest dressing of nitrogen and irrigation, the proportion of dry matter in the roots was decreased by all three factors.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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