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  • Other Sources  (9)
  • 1975-1979  (9)
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  • 1
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    Hyperbolic cosmic dust - Its origin and its astrophysical significance (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The heliocentric radial distribution of the flux of hyperbolic cosmic dust particles, as measured by the Pioneer 8 and 9 spacecraft, is closely related to the radial variation of the spatial density of source or parent meteoroids. Within the limits of the experimental and theoretical uncertainties the spatial density of parent meteoroids, as deduced from the hyperbolic cosmic dust data, is found to be increasing with increasing heliocentric distance in the neighborhood of one AU. Other recent experimental evidence confirms this result. The new results also suggest that the ratio of the areal density of submicron-sized craters to the areal density of millimeter-sized craters will be less on the north-south faces of lunar rocks than on the east-west faces of the same rocks. The change in ratio is not as large as previously thought. It is noted that the solar system is not presently contributing significant amounts of dust to the interstellar medium though it may once have done so.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Planetary and Space Science; 23; Oct. 197
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  • 2
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    A source for hyperbolic cosmic dust particles (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Earlier analyses of the Pioneer 8 and 9 experimental meteoroid data have shown that the detectors on these two spacecraft are intercepting meteoroids with hyperbolic orbital parameters. It is shown in this paper that these results are entirely consistent with and, indeed, to be expected from other observations of the interplanetary meteoroid complex. Collisional breakup of meteoroids and post-collision radiation pressure modification of their orbits is found to be a sufficient cause for the observed results. Details of the calculations as well as of the results are presented.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 3
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    Solar flare activity - Evidence for large-scale changes in the past (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An analysis of radar and photographic meteor data and of spacecraft meteoroid-penetration data indicates that there probably has not been a large increase in meteoroid impact rates in the last 10,000 yr. The solar-flare tracks observed in the glass linings of meteoroid impact pits on lunar rock 15205 are therefore reanalyzed assuming a meteoroid flux that is constant in time. Based on this assumption, the data suggest that the production rate of Fe-group solar-flare tracks may have varied by as much as a factor of 50 on a time scale of about 10,000 yr. No independently obtained data are known to require conflict with this interpretation. Confidence in this conclusion is somewhat qualified by the experimental and analytical uncertainties involved, but the conclusion nevertheless remains the present 'best' explanation for the observed data trends.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Icarus; 32; Sept
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  • 4
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    Investigation of interplanetary dust from out-of-ecliptic space probes (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Measurements of interplanetary dust via zodiacal light observations and direct detection are discussed for an out-of-ecliptic space probe. Particle fluxes and zodiacal light brightnesses were predicted for three models of the dust distribution. These models predict that most of the information will be obtained at space probe distances less than 1 A.U. from the ecliptic plane. Joint interpretation of the direct particle measurements and the zodiacal light data can yield the best knowledge of the three-dimensional particle dynamics, spatial distribution, and physical characteristics of the interplanetary dust. Such measurements are important for an understanding of the origin and role of the dust in relation to meteoroids, asteroids, and comets, as well as the interaction of the dust with solar forces.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Proc. of the Symp. on the Study of the Sun and Interplanetary Medium in Three Dimensions; p 298-320
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  • 5
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    Meteoroid capture cell construction (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A thin membrane covering the open side of a meteoroid capture cell causes an impacting meteoroid to disintegrate as it penetrates the membrane. The capture cell then contains and holds the meteoroid particles for later analysis.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 6
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    Temporal and spatial variations of the interplanetary dust flux (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The heliocentric radial and latitudinal distributions of both small and large meteoritic particles appear to demonstrate that these particles have largely derived from comets in short-period orbits. Asteroids are unlikely to be a major source for the dust. There appears to be a spatial density depletion near the orbit of the earth, indicating significant control by the earth over particles or source bodies that come near it. Although many short-term fluctuations of meteoritic activity are observed, the content of the overall interplanetary meteoritic complex has probably been stable to within a factor of 2 within approximately the last 10,000 yr. This conclusion, together with meteoroid impact-pit and solar-flare track data on lunar rocks, suggests that solar flare activity may have been much higher about 10,000 yr ago than the present average rate.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Space research XVIII; Proceedings of the Open Meetings of the Working Groups on Physical Sciences; Jun 07, 1977 - Jun 18, 1977; Tel Aviv; Israel
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  • 7
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    Lunar surface processes - Report of the 12054 consortium (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A variety of lunar surface phenomena were studied using a well-characterized glass-coated ilmenite basalt, 12054, which had a simple surface residence history. Surface processes related to the following effects were studied: microcraters, solar flare and cosmic ray tracks, cosmogenic Al-26, solar wind sputtering, accreta or accretionary material, solar wind implanted noble gases, and loose dust accumulation.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 13, 1978 - Mar 17, 1978; Houston, TX
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  • 8
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    The state of meteoritic material on the moon (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Velocity distributions obtained from earth-based meteor observations and corrected to constant meteoroid mass are transformed to meteoroid impact velocity distributions at the moon. Average velocities at the moon thus obtained range from 13 to 18 km/sec. This information is then combined with impact heating estimates to determine the amounts of resident lunar material and incoming meteoritic material that is melted or vaporized. It is found that about 5% of the resulting melt and about 25% of the impact generated vapor should be of meteoritic content. The uncertainties in these estimates are rather large, however, because of uncertainties in the various experimental results required to establish the parameters used in this analysis. The impact generated melts and impact generated vapor deposits, if the latter can be found, should provide additional means for chemically separating out the meteoritic component in the lunar soil.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 17, 1975 - Mar 21, 1975; Houston, TX
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  • 9
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    Dust, impact pits, and accreta on lunar rock 12054 (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The large variation in the areal density of meteoroid impact pits observed over the face of lunar rock chip 12054,54 was previously attributed to variable amounts of shielding of this chip by loosely bound dust. However, an examination of the directionality of flow of the disk and splash accreta on this chip now suggests that the regions with low areal densities of pits and disk accreta were geometrically shielded by a formerly overhanging part of the rock. The 'overhang' is postulated to have broken off during the return of this rock to earth. There remains, nevertheless, considerable evidence for shielding of rock and grain surfaces on the lunar surface by loosely bound dust. The areal extent and depth of deposition of dust is still poorly understood, however. Populations of disk (or pancake) accreta and 'solid' accreta that show evidence of melting are shown to be correlated with impact pit densities. The population of solid angular accreta with exteriors that exhibit little evidence of melting shows no correlation with impact pit densities.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 13, 1978 - Mar 17, 1978; Houston, TX
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