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  • Other Sources  (5)
  • 1975-1979  (5)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A single model for a standard of comparison for other models when dealing with rain attenuation problems in system design and experimentation is proposed. Refinements to the Global Rain Production Model are incorporated. Path loss and noise estimation procedures as the basic input to systems design for earth-to-space microwave links operating at frequencies from 1 to 300 GHz are provided. Topics covered include gaseous absorption, attenuation by rain, ionospheric and tropospheric scintillation, low elevation angle effects, radome attenuation, diversity schemes, link calculation, and receiver noise emission by atmospheric gases, rain, and antenna contributions.
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
    Type: NASA-CR-165002 , TR-1 , P-7376-TR1
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An experiment was conducted to study the relations between the empirical distribution functions of reflectivity at specified locations above the surface and the corresponding functions at the surface. A bistatic radar system was used to measure continuously the scattering cross section per unit volume at heights of 3 and 6 km. A frequency of 3.7 GHz was used in the tests. It was found that the distribution functions for reflectivity may significantly change with height at heights below the level of the melting layer.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Radar Meteorology Conference; Apr 22, 1975 - Apr 24, 1975; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Analytical and test results on the use of adaptive processing on LANDSAT data are presented. The Kalman filter was used as a framework to contain different adapting techniques. When LANDSAT MSS data were used all of the modifications made to the Kalman filter performed the functions for which they were designed. It was found that adaptive processing could provide compensation for incorrect signature means, within limits. However, if the data were such that poor classification accuracy would be obtained when the correct means were used, then adaptive processing would not improve the accuracy and might well lower it even further.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-CR-141894 , ERIM-109600-14-F
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A model was developed for the prediction of rain attenuation statistics for 8 rain rate climate regions spanning all land regions from the equator to the poles. The model uses empirically determined rain rate distributions for each climate region and an empirical model to estimate path averaged rain rate for given values of point rain rate. Attenuation distribution observations were compared with model predictions. Good agreement was obtained for earth-space paths at 0.1 percent of the year. At the extremes, 0.01 and 1 percent of the year the observations were generally within the model estimate bounds but the agreement is not as good as at 0.1 percent of the year. The discrepancies are attributed to the limited duration of the attenuation observations and to the limited number of rain rate distribution observations.
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
    Type: EASCON ''78; Electronics and Aerospace Systems Convention; Sep 25, 1978 - Sep 27, 1978; Arlington, VA
    Format: text
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper presents a procedure for determining the number of signatures to use in classifying multispectral scanner data. A large initial set of signatures is obtained by clustering the training points within each category (such as 'wheat' or 'other') to be recognized. These clusters are then combined into broader signatures by a program that considers each pair of signatures within a category, combines the best pair in the light of certain criteria, saves the combined signature and repeats the procedure until there is one signature for each category. The result is a collection of sets of signatures, one set for each number between the number of initial clusters and the number of categories. With the aid of statistics such as an estimate of the probability of misclassification between categories, the user can choose the smallest set satisfying his requirements for classification accuracy.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Symposium on Machine Processing of Remotely Sensed Data; Jun 29, 1976 - Jul 01, 1976; West Lafayette, IN
    Format: text
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