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  • Chemistry  (101)
  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION  (10)
  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
  • 1975-1979  (111)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 189-190 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas Chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Tin-selective FPD ; Triphenyltin hydroxide ; TPTH ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new method for the determination of triphenyltin hydroxide using capillary column gas chromatography with a tin-selective flame photometric detector has been developed. Triphenyltin hydroxide and its potential metabolites are converted to methyl derivatives and separated on glass capillary columns coated with OV-101. Derivatization of triphenyltin hydroxide, triphenyltin chloride, diphenyltin dichloride, phenyltin trichloride, and bis-triphenyltin oxide is nearly quantitative with a minimum of redistribution products. The selectivity of the flame photometric detector is cearly demonstrated by the comparison of chromatographic profiles obtained from using both the flame photometric and flame ionization detectors.The use of this chromatographic system in the analysis of triphenyltin hydroxide in a fortified water sample demonstrates the potential use of this system in organotin residue chemistry.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 667-668 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Preparative HPLC ; Tube deformation ; Column breathing effect ; Homogeneity of the packed column bed ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1976), S. 28-31 
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A general derivatization method has been developed for both primary and secondary aminoalkylphosphonic acids. Derivatization is effected by reaction with trifluoroacetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid anhydride followed by esterification using ethereal diazo-n-butane. This method can be used for microgram quantities and permits ready characterization by both gas chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The structure of this derivative has been verified by mass spectrometry and proton magnetic resonance. Fragmentation patterns were confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry, isotope labeling and the formation of derivative analogs.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons formed during the combustion of three common fuels (coal, wood and kerosene) were separated and identified by capillary-column gas chromatographic mass spectrometry and were compared to airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from Indianapolis, a high coal consuming area, and Boston, a low coal consuming area. High resolution mass spectral data were utilized in the construction of alkyl homolog plots for the comparison of alkyl distribution within each sample.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A quantitative analysis of amino acids in microsamples of dried blood spots by chemical ionization mass spectrometry has been developed. Isotope ratio determination was used as the quantitating technique via multiple labelled internal standards. This procedure yields excellent precision and accuracy as demonstrated by the analysis of known amino acid mixtures and of phenylalanine in the blood from newborns.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 18 (1978), S. 973-984 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The cross section geometry of fully wiped corotating twin screws is derived from simple kinematic principles. A pair of screws can have identical cross sections with each screw running at the same speed, or they can have an unequal number of tips and rotate at different speeds. The more conventional case of equal cross section is reviewed in detail, showing how screw diameter, centerline distance, lead, and number of tips influences design, net volumes, and surface areas. The screw cross section is unique for a given diameter, centerline distance, and number of tips. The construction of the cross section is shown, both for pairs of identical screws, and for screws with a speed ratio. Maps are provided to show applicability of screws with 1, 2, and 3 tips.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 23 (1979), S. 1863-1866 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 24 (1979), S. 651-662 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: By connecting a low-angle laser light scattering photometer (LALLSP) on line with a high-temperature gel permeation chromatograph (GPC), molecular weight distributions were determined for three polyethylene standards (two high density and one low density) without resorting to column calibration procedures. In addition, the absolute weight-average molecular weight and second virial coefficients of four polyethylene standards (three high density and one low density) were obtained using low-angle laser light scattering. The molecular weights measured were in excellent agreement with those specified by the National Bureau of Standards. For the low density material, a microgel fraction was detected by the on-line LALLSP but not by the conventional GPC detector. This resulted in a z-average molecular weight of over 3 × 106 daltons, an order of magnitude greater than that determined by conventional GPC techniques.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 20 (1978), S. 217-230 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The feasibility of using hollow fiber membrane dialyzers (C-DAK) for immobilization of microbial whole cells was investigated. The cells are located on the shell side of the dialyzer, while substrates and products are free to diffuse across the hollow fiber membranes. The biochemical reaction studied was the conversion of L-histidine to urocanic acid and catalyzed by L-histidine ammonia-lyase. C-DAK dialyzers containing a heat-treated suspension of Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 11299b (with L-histidine ammonia-lyase activity) were incorporated into constant volume recycle reactor systems for continuous product formation. A simple model successfully correlated the data and predicted performance. It was found that the reaction was not likely to be diffusion limited, and such a cell immobilization scheme is convenient and workable for continuous production of biochemicals.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 21 (1979), S. 1725-1748 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Analytical expressions, which allow the generation of effectiveness factor graphs for a reactor system employing immobilized whole cells a biocatalyst, are presented. In particular hollow-fiber devices (such as dialysis or ultrafiltration units) are considered. Such devices are analogs to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Whole cells are entrapped on the shell side: a nutrient solution is circulated through the tubes, substrate diffuses from the tube side, across the fiber, and into the cell mass on the shell side, where it irreversibly reacts to form product. The product back-diffuses into the circulating nutrient solution. The overall substrate mass-transfer process is hypothesized to be either diffusion limited in the hollow-fiber tube wall and/or the shell-side cell suspension and/or reaction limited at the enzyme sites within the whole cells. The first- and zero-order limits of the Michaelis-Menten rate law are used in generating effectiveness factor expressions. The effectiveness factor is a function of reaction order, Thiele modulus, diffusion coefficient ratio (defined as the effective substrate diffusivity in the hollow-fiber membrane wall divided by the effective substrate diffusivity in the cell suspension), partition coefficient, volume of the cell suspension, and hollow-fiber width. Equations for the effectiveness factor are also detailed when the hollow-fiber mass-transfer resistance is far greater than the cell suspension mass-transfer resistance. An effectiveness factor chart is presented specifically for the commercially available C-DAK 4 dialyzer (Cordis Dow Co., Miami, Florida). In general terms the effectiveness factor expressions are applicable for characterizing diffusion and reaction within a catalytically active cylindrical annulus, Whose inner surface offers a diffusional resistance and whose outer surface is impermeable to reactants. Some generalization of the Thiele modulus is undertaken which serves to draw the asymptotes on the effectiveness factor charts together. Comment is made on the variation of the slope of the effectiveness factor graph and its relation to the change in the observed reaction activation energy. Possible application of the model to the catalytic tube wall reactor is discussed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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