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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (115)
  • SPACE RADIATION  (26)
  • Chemical Engineering  (23)
  • 1975-1979  (164)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 24 (1979), S. 2415-2418 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 26 (1975), S. 32-36 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Composite tubes with high corrosion resistance at high temperaturesThis paper describes studies on the compatibility of alloys used in composite tubes exposed to 600-800 °C. The alloys were chosen on the basis that one (ironrich, clad alloy) has good high temperature strength and the other (nickel-chromium cladding) has good high temperature corrosion resistance. The interdiffusion of elements from one alloy to the other has been studied using the microprobe analyser.The interdiffusion of major alloy elements (e.g. iron) is affected both by the chromium content of the cladding and the zirconium content (added to improve hot workability). The diffusion of carbon from the clad alloy into the cladding is controlled by the identity of the carbide forming elements in the clad material. The mechanism of these compositional effects is discussed.
    Notes: Dieser Bericht beschreibt die Verträglichkeit von Legierungspaarungen bei Verbundrohren, die Temperaturen von 600-800 °C ausgesetzt sind. Die Werkstoffe wurden so ausgewählt, daß die eine Legierung (eisenhaltige, plattierte Legierung) eine gute Warmfestigkeit hat, während die andere (nickel-chrom-plattierte) Legierung eine gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit bei hohen Temperaturen aufweist. Die Diffusion der Elemente durch die Grenzfläche von einer Legierung zur anderen wurde durch Analyse mittels Elektronenstrahlsonde untersucht.Die Grenzflächendiffusion der Haupt-Legierungselemente (z. B. Eisen) wird beeinflußt durch den Chromgehalt der Plattierung und durch den Zirkongehalt (wird zugesetzt, um eine Heißbearbeitung zu verbessern). Die Kohlenstoffdiffusion des Grundwerkstoffes in die Plattierung wird durch die Gleichheit der karbidbildenden Elemente in den beiden Werkstoffen gesteuert. Der Mechanismus der Legierungseinflüsse wird diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 869-879 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The characteristics of a vortex found at the entry of a 2:1 and 4:1 contraction for viscoelastic fluids is investigated. Two distinct flow regimes are identified in the contraction flow field: a vortex growth regime and a divergent flow regime. In the vortex flow regime, rheological forces are found to dominate the flow, with the vortex detachment length being a linear function of the Weissenberg number. In the divergent flow regime, the flow is found to diverge at the center line upstream of the vortex detachment plane, and the vortex size decreases with increasing flow rates. Inertial forces are important in the divergent flow regime. The entry flow characteristics for the 2:1 and 4:1 contraction are quantified in terms of the vortex detachment length as a function of Reynolds and Weissenberg number over the range of 0:2 〈 N′Re 〈 200 and 0.10 〈 NWS 〈 0.7.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Of necessity, the mixing process is sometimes restricted to the laminar regime, although turbulent mixing is generally more desirable. Common examples of laminar mixing are found when the fluid has a very high viscosity, or when one of the mixture components is shear sensitive. It has been pointed out that the helical ribbon agitator (HRA) is admirably suited to the low Reynolds number mixing process. This work derives a model to predict the power consumption of the HRA. The model has been developed with the aid of experimental data and tested extensively using literature data. For a wide range of mixer geometries and sizes, it predicts power consumption with an average deviation of 13%.The concept of relative efficiency of mixers is also described as an aid to comparing different HRA mixer geometries. Finally, the problem of scale-up of different HRA configurations is discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 992-999 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Center-line velocities and developing velocity profiles are presented for viscoelastic fluids flowing in a 2:1 and 4:1 abrupt entry contraction. Two flow regimes are clearly identified: a vortex growth regime and a divergent flow regime. Dramatic differences in the velocity field are observed and discussed for the two flow regimes. A kinematic model based on the velocity field data is proposed for vortex growth flow.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 28 (1977), S. 249-258 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 30 (1979), S. 418-425 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einfluß von Zirconium auf die Annäherung an den stationären Verzunderungsvorgang in einer NiCr-Legierung und Mechanismus der Inhibierung der Korrosion in Sauerstoff-Schwefel-AtmosphäreDas Korrosionsverhalten einer binären Ni 15 Cr'Legierung und einer ternären Ni 15 Cr 1 Zr'Legierung wurde in einer Sauerstoff-Schwefeldioxid-Atmosphäre bei 850°C untersucht. Die Verzunderungsbilder der beiden Legierungen, vor allem in den ersten Stadien der Reaktion wurden mit optischer Mikroskopie, REM und EDAX-Analyse untersucht. Es wurde gefunden, daß die Keimbildung von Cr2O3 und dessen anschließende Ausbreitung über die Probenoberfläche bei der ternären Legierung wesentlich rascher erfolgte als bei der binären. Der im stationären Zustand entstehende Zunder auf der ternären Legierung war einschichtig und enthielt kein NiO, während auf der binären Legierung erwartungsgemäß ein zweischichtiger Zunder entstand. Es wird vermutet, daß für die rasche Bildung der dünnen und von NiO freien Cr2O3-Schicht auf der ternären Legierung das dort vorhandene intermetallische Netzwerk im Mikrogußgefüge ursächlich ist. Dadurch wird die im Vergleich zur binären Legierung geringere Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit des Zr-haltigen Materials bedingt. Die Beobachtungen werden unter Berücksichtigung der bisherigen Veröffentlichungen über die Wirkung von Seltenen Erdmetallen als reaktionsfähigen Metallen sowie von inerten Oxiden auf chromoxidbildende Legierungssysteme erörtert.
    Notes: The corrosion behaviour of a binary Ni-15 Cr alloy and a ternary Ni-15 Cr'1 Zr alloy has been examined when exposed to a bioxidant O2:SO2 atmosphere at 850°C. The patterns of scaling exhibited by the two alloys, especially in the early stages of reaction, have been studied using optical and scanning electron microscopy and EDAX analysis. It has been established that the nucleation of Cr2 O3 on, and its subsequent growth over the sample surface was much more rapid with the ternary alloy than the binary material. Furthermore the steady-state scale formed on the ternary alloy was single-layered and contained no NiO, in contrast to the anticipated duplex-layered scale developed on the binary material. It is suggested that the pre-existing intermetallic network in the as-cast microstructure of the Ni-15 Cr-1 Zr alloy is a key factor in promoting the rapid formation of the thin protective layer of Cr2O3, free from NiO. These features are responsible for the reduced rate of corrosion of the Zr'bearing material, relative to that exhibited by the binary alloy. The observations are discussed in the light of the published literature concerning the effects of rare earth/reactive metal and inert oxide additions to chromia-forming alloy systems.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 25 (1979), S. 152-159 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: For every viscoelastic fluid studied in the contraction geometry, it was found that increasing the flow rate beyond a certain limit resulted in disturbance to the stable entry flow patterns described in Parts I and II. An examination of the development of the entry flow disturbances was carried out using still and cine photography. Still photographs are presented to illustrate the characteristics of the unstable flow patterns. The time varying nature of the flow has been recorded on a cine film Flow Patterns in Abrupt Entry Flow of Viscoelastic Fluids which is available for loan. Critical condition criteria for the onset of the periodic flow disturbances were obtained in terms of the fundamental fluid properties and are presented and compared with other suggested criteria for the onset of unstable entry flow of viscoelastic fluids.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 25 (1979), S. 516-521 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The use of helical ribbon agitators to mix viscous non-Newtonian fluids has been investigated. A generalized model, based on an appropriate definition of effective viscosity, is proposed to predict power consumption. This model is most successful with fluids that do not have a high degree of elasticity.It was found that the efficiency of mixing of pseudoplastic fluids was about half of that of Newtonian fluids in the same mixer, while the efficiency of mixing viscoelastic fluids was still lower and approximately independent of the mixer geometry. Blade width was the primary variable affecting the mixing efficiency on inelastic fluids.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 52 (1976), S. 101-109 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde eine neue Beziehung zwischen der Newtonschen Viskosität von Polymerschmelzen und der chemischen Struktur der Polymereinheit gefunden. Die Korrelation zwischen Viskosität und Temperatur wird grafisch dargestellt. Die Aktivierungsenergie der viskosen Strömung bei hohen Temperature läßt sich aus einer neuen additiven Eigenschaft, der „molaren Viskositäts-Temperatur-Funktion“, ableiten.
    Notes: A new relationship has been found for the Newtonian viscosity of polymeric melts as a function of temperature and of chemical structure of the polymer unit. The viscosity-temperature correlation is expressed graphically. The activation energy of viscous flow at high temperatures can be derived from a newly found additive property, viz. the molar viscosity-temperature function.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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