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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (7)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (5)
  • 1975-1979  (12)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of histamine on the growth of cultured fibroblasts isolated from normal and keloid tissue (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 93 (1977), S. 389-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cultured fibroblasts derived from human keloid tissue are presented as a possible model system for studying the genetic regulation of cell growth. Histamine is shown to have a marked effect on the growth of cultured fibroblasts. A small increase in growth rate is seen during the log phase of the culture cycle and a 50% increase in cell number is observed during the plateau phase. Differences in the extent of growth stimulation are observed between strains isolated from different individuals. While most strains showed approximately 50% stimulation, a few were not stimulated and some strains gave a 100% or greater increase in cell number due to histamine. This phenotypic difference in extent of growth stimulation in response to histamine cannot be attributed to the gene or genes for keloid formation. However, elevated levels of histamine in vivo may be a contributing factor to the abnormal cell growth observed in this disorder. The extent of growth stimulation due to histamine decreases with repeated subculturing.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040930310
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential effects of hydrocortisone on both growth and collagen metabolism of human fibroblasts from normal and keloid tissue (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 97 (1978), S. 221-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cultured fibroblasts isolated from normal and keloid tissue do not differ in their growth characteristics or in the rate of collagen synthesis under routine culture conditions. The addition of hydrocortisone to the culture media results in significant differences in both growth and collagen synthesis between these cell types. Collagen syntehsis is inhibited 60% in normal cultures by hydrocortisone (0.5 μg/ml) and the population size at which density-dependent growth inhibition is achieved is increased. Keloid-derived fibroblasts grow to a lower maximum density in the presence of hydrocortisone, while their rate of collagen syntehsis is not significantly reduced. The rate of non-collagen protein synthesis is increased significantly by hydrocortisone in both cell types.Comparison of normal and keloid-derived cultures obtained from a single individual suggests that the keloid phenotype with respect to both growth and collagen synthesis is restricted to the fibroblasts isolated from the keloid nodule.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040970211
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and mass spectral identification of blood metabolities of cyclophosphamide: Evidence for phosphoramide mustard as the biologically active metaboliteNBP = 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine. (1975)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1975), S. 46-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thin-layer chromatography and mass spectrometry were used to isolate and identify cyclophosphamide metabolites present in blood of mice. Blood was removed 5, 15, 30 and 45 minutes after intraperitoneal administration and extracted with chloroform followed by methanol. Thin-layer chromatography of the two extracts and the residual solid with or without prior methylation, collection of resulting alkylating components, determination of radioactivity and mass spectral analysis, served to identify cyclophosphamide, 4-ketocyclophosphamide, alcophosphamide, N-dechloroethylcyclophosphamide, carboxyphosphamide, phosphoramide mustard and nor-HN2. The absence of detectable levels of 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide or aldophosphamide in the blood of cyclophosphamide-treated mice suggests that cyclophosphamide is converted rapidly in the liver to carboxyphosphamide, 4-ketocyclophosphamide, phosphoramide mustard and nor-HN2. Direct administration of synthetic 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide to mice and extraction of blood with chloroform demonstrated the recovery of this metabolite in vivo. Analysis of extracts of blood from mice treated with phosphoramide mustard indicated the presence of nor-HN2, 3-(2-chloroethyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one and unchanged drug. Consideration of blood levels, cytotoxicity and alkylating activity of metabolites identified in, or inferred from, this study, implicates phosphoramide mustard as a leading candidate for the biologically active form of cyclophosphamide.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200020109
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hormonal regulation of initiation of DNA synthesis and of differentiated function in Y-1 adrenal cortical cells (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 92 (1977), S. 65-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: ACTH, 8-Br-cAMP, and serum deprivation arrested Y-1 functional mouse adrenal tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Though ACTH and 8-Br-cAMP treated cells were larger with increased macromolecular synthetic rates compared to cells arrested in G1 by serum removal, a similar 8- to 10-hour lag to initiation of DNA synthesis was observed after either ACTH or 8-Br-cAMP removal or after serum addition. After the 8- to 10-hour lag period, cells entered S phase exponentially. ACTH or 8-Br-cAMP opposed serum induced DNA synthesis initiation only when added prior to S. Once commitment to DNA synthesis occurred, ACTH or 8-Br-cAMP addition did not inhibit DNA synthesis although 8-Br-cAMP induced a secondary block in G2. Though ACTH and 8-Br-cAMP inhibited serum induced initiation of DNA synthesis and did not affect serum induced cellular hypertrophy, both substances increased the steroidogenic capacity of the cell. ACTH and 8-Br-cAMP thus appear to specifically oppose the stimulatory effects of serum on initiation of DNA synthesis while inducing the differentiated function of the cell.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040920109
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential effects of ACTH or 8-Br-cAMP on growth and replication in a functional adrenal tumor cell line (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 90 (1977), S. 91-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of ACTH and 8-Br-cAMP on growth and replication of a functional mouse adrenal tumor cell line (Y-1) were investigated. ACTH and 8-Br-cAMP both inhibited DNA synthesis and replication when added to randomly growing cell cultures. ACTH addition and serum deprivation each arrested cells in G1; an additional point of arrest in G2 occurred with 8-Br-cAMP. Cells whose growth was arrested in G1 by ACTH had a significantly larger volume and protein and RNA content compared to cells arrested in G1 by serum deprivation. When ACTH or 8-Br-cAMP was added with serum to cells arrested by serum deprivation, the wave of DNA synthesis and cell division seen with serum was abolished. ACTH and 8-Br-cAMP had no effect on the serum-induced increases in protein and RNA content, rates of leucine incorporation into protein and uridine incorporation into RNA, and RNA polymerase I activity observed in cells during the pre-replicative period. Partial inhibition of the serum-induced increase in uridine transport occurred. ACTH and cAMP do not appear to inhibit replication by generalized negative pleiotypic effects but rather to inhibit the initiation of DNA synthesis more specifically. The ACTH-arrested Y-1 cell resembles an in vivo hypertrophied adrenal cortical cell.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040900112
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiological quiescence in plasma-derived serum: Influence of platelet-derived growth factor on cell growth in culture (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 97 (1978), S. 497-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A platelet-derived growth factor can be shown to be the principal stimulant of DNA synthesis in whole blood serum for those cells that require serum for maintenance and growth in culture. Cell free plasma-derived serum lacks such platelet-derived material. 3T3 cells and primate arterial smooth muscle cells can be maintained in a quiescent state in culture for as long as six weeks in plasma-derived serum. Such cells can grow logarithmically after exposure to 5% whole blood serum or as little as 100 ng/ml of partially purified platelet factor. The cell cycle of smooth muscle cells has been studied in the quiescent (5% plasma-derived serum) and growing state (5% whole blood serum or 5% plasma-derived serum plus platelet factor). The generation time of smooth muscle cells is 16 to 18 hours as shown by autoradiographic frequency of labelled mitoses. The generation time is the same for cells in the growth fraction in either 5% whole blood serum or 5% plasma-derived serum. Thus, platelet factor acts by recruiting cells into the growth fraction rather than effecting a change in the duration of the cell cycle. Flow microfluorimetry studies on cells growing logarithmically in 5% whole blood serum give the following phase durations:G1 = 5.6 hours; S = 7.6 hours; and G2 + M = 3.8 hours.Based on these studies the argument is presented that cells cultured in 5% plasma-derived serum provide a more physiological base for the study of quiescence than do cells in low concentrations of whole blood serum or confluent, density inhibited cells at high (5% or greater) concentrations of whole blood serum. Furthermore, 5% plasma-derived serum represents an appropriate state to examine the perturbation of quiescent cells.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040970325
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in cultured human fibroblasts (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 92 (1977), S. 285-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The activities of pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase were measured in cultured human fibroblasts. Considerable variation was observed in strains derived from different individuals. The activities of both enzymes throughout the culture cycle were measured in two strains. In these strains the specific activities of the enzymes increased during log phase and remained constant during the stationary phase. However, one cell strain exhibited a high activity of pyruvate carboxylase which remained unchanged throughout the culture cycle, suggesting that this enzyme may be regulated differently in different strains of cultured human cells. Familial studies suggest that the observed variations in pyruvate carboxylase activity may be due to a genetic polymorphism.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040920217
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyamine biosynthesis and accumulation during the G1 to S phase transition (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 93 (1977), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Ornithine decarboxylase, an important enzyme in growth regulation, is increased in CHO cells in G1 phase of the cell cycle and decreases as the cells progress into S phase. S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase activity, which is dependent on either the presence of putrescine or spermidine for the synthesis of spermidine and spermine respectively, shows a maximal increase in late G1/early S phase which corresponds very closely with the cell cycle phase specific accumulation of spermidine and spermine during S phase. Total culture evaluation of spermidine and spermine, which included extracellular as well as intracellular concentrations, indicated that extracellular accumulations of these polyamines occurred only in G1 and that entry into S phase was concomitant with intracellular accumulation patterns. Hyperthermia (43°C for 1 hour) in mid-G1 phase of the cell cycle resulted in rapid decreases in the activities of ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase. In these cells, DNA replication was also not detectable until nine hours after mitosis, a time at which there had been recovery of ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase activities. Previous data have further indicated a requirement for polyamine reaccumulation before control DNA replication rates are resumed. We therefore suggest that polyamine biosynthesis and intracellular accumulation are both temporal and quantitative prerequisites for transition through S phase.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040930111
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of the [C2H5O]+ ion in the mass spectrum of diethyl ether (1975)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 10 (1975), S. 819-823 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structure of the [C2H5O]+ ion in the spectrum of diethyl ether was examined by use of deuterated ether, CH3CD2OCH2CH3. The results show that, at all electron energies from threshold to 70 eV, the predominant ion is a rearrangement ion, probably protonated acetaldehyde, with very little of the [C2H5O]+ being formed by direct carbon-oxygen bond cleavage. Appearance potential measurements made on the m/e 45, m/e 46 and m/e 47 ions in the deuterated ether show that the threshold structure of the rearrangement ion is protonated acetaldehyde.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210101002
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Chemistry of C6H6O radical cations: A study of rearrangement reactions of halogen substituted ethyl phenyl ethers (1979)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 14 (1979), S. 474-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New experimental data on the rearrangement reaction of various phenoxyethyl halides to give [C6H6O]+· are presented and compared with previous studies so that a coherent picture of this process can be developed. By examining the metastable kinetic energy release for low energy decomposing molecular ions of the phenoxyethyl halides, it has been concluded that formation of [C6H6O] occurs by competitive 1,2 and 1,3 hydrogen shifts from the alkyl carbons to oxygen followed by a rate determining C—O bond cleavage. This is substantiated by the absence of a primary hydrogen isotope effect. For more highly activated molecular ions, a new mechanism comes into play as evidenced by the appearance of a small hydrogen isotope effect. It is postulated that this third mechanism involves transfer of the alkyl hydrogen to the ortho position of the ring by a rate determining 1,5 shift, followed by a 1,3 hydrogen shift from the ortho methylene group to oxygen and rapid C—O bond cleavage. This 1,3 hydrogen shift to oxygen appears to be ‘catalysed’ by the halogen atoms yielding phenol ions. No indications have been found for the formation of tautomeric 2,4-cyclohexadienone ions. Furthermore, highly activated molecular ions produce [C6H6O]+· which can undergo metastable decomposition to lose carbon monoxide. Kinetic energy release measurements for the latter reaction show that the majority of these [C6H6O]+·ions have been formed as phenol ions as well. These arguments are supported by energetic measurements and by comparisons with previous ion cyclotron resonance and collisional activation studies.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210140904
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