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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (9)
  • ACOUSTICS  (2)
  • FLUID MECHANICS
  • 1975-1979  (11)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparisons of the cure of phenol-formaldehyde novolac and resol systems by differential scanning calorimetry (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 23 (1979), S. 1973-1985 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Comparisons were made of differential scanning-calorimetric (DSC) thermograms of both liquid and powdered commercial phenol-formaldehyde resins. By a combination of the results from analyses under a variety of conditions, such as ambient pressure, high pressure, using freeze-dried samples, and also by direct observation of the resin-curing process in wood-veneer assemblies, the curing reactions of phenol-formaldehyde resins were found to differ for resol and novolac systems. At a heating rate of 10°C/min, the resol resin showed endothermic curing reactions at temperatures of about 150°C, while the novolac-type resin showed an exothermic peak maximum at about 160°C. Results are presented to show how DSC can be used to differentiate between a resol and novolac system.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070230708
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A water-sensitive thermomechanical transition in a polyimide (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 23 (1979), S. 1189-1201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of water vapor on a polyimide has been investigated in the temperature region of -190 to 325°C using an automated torsion pendulum. A damping peak, TH2O developes at -122°C (1 Hz) in the thermomechanical spectra of the polymer which is due to water-polymer interactions. The peak intensifies as the humidity of the conditioning atmosphere, at both 30° and at 325°C, increases and attains a limiting value at about 3000 ppmv H2O. The process is reversible. It is concluded that the number of sites in the polymer for interaction with water is low and limited (〈0.3 molecule H2O per polymer repeat unit) and, assuming direct proportionality between the intensity of the loss peak and the amount of water adsorbed, that the adsorption of water vapor follows the Langmuir isotherm.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070230422
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weights of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymersPresented in part at Anachem Conference, Detroit, Michigan, September 25, 1968. (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 20 (1976), S. 1619-1626 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A dual-calibration method for the determination of molecular weights and molecular weight distribution of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers (S/MA) by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is introduced. It might be applicable to copolymers of other type. A linear relationship of intrinsic viscosity [η] and weight-average molecular weight (M̄w) for unfractionated S/MA in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 25°C can be expressed by the equation \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \left[ \eta \right] = 3.98 \times 10^{ - 4} \bar M_w^{0.596} . $\end{document} The maleic anhydride content of the copolymers ranges from 5 to 50 mole-%, and the M̄w range is from 2 × 104 to 7 × 106. The plot of log [η] M̄w versus GPC elution volume of the S/MA copolymers falls on the same curve as that of the polystyrene standards in THF.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1976.070200619
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of particle shape at finite concentration on thermal expansion of filled polymers (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 16 (1978), S. 967-970 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Relations are derived for the linear and volumetric thermal expansion coefficients of a filled polymer containing aligned ellipsoidal inclusions at finite concentrations. The analysis follows a procedure recently developed for elastic moduli by application of a generalized approach of Eshelby. The well-known Kerner equation is shown to be a limiting case of the present finding. From data on glass in epoxy resin, we conclude that the volumetric expansion varies only slightly with the aspect ratio of an ellipsoid; however, the longitudinal and transverse, linear, expansions show a strong dependence on the particle shape.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1978.180160603
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct determination of interfacial energy between brittle and polymeric films (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 14 (1976), S. 1305-1310 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Very few analyses exist for determining the adhesion f thin brittle films in the micron range on low modulus polymeric substrates. A theoretical model and experimental means are developed to determine the adhesion for this situation using the concept of fracture mechanics and Griffith's energy criterion. An expression for the adhesion is derived in terms of the external loading, material constants, and thicknesses of the films.The model is compared with measurements of brittle films vacuum deposited onto polymeric substrates. Excellent agreement is obtained and interfacial energies are calculated. Since the moduli of thin films are very difficult to determine accurately, the effect of a variation in measurements of this material parameter on the adhesion is calculated. The effect of varying preparative conditions is also discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1976.180140714
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strains induced upon drying thin films solvent-cast on flexible substrates (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 14 (1976), S. 1311-1316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Solvent coating is an important commercial technique utilized in fabricating thin films. In certain cases, undesirable strains may be built into the composite as the solvent is removed. The stress field in a two-layer sample and its distribution along the interface have been analyzed. By considering the shrinkage of the solvent cast film equivalent to applying an axial compressive load, interfacial expressions were derived which are valid for solvent drying of solution cast films. Experimental procedures and measurements are presented for the solvent casting of thin brittle films onto flexible polymeric substrates. Interfacial strains are determined and their dependence on accurate material property measurements is evaluated. The relation between the bulk and interfacial strain is illustrated.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1976.180140715
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of particle shape at finite concentration on the elastic moduli of filled polymers (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 16 (1978), S. 959-965 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The elegant approach of Eshelby, developed for dilute dispersions, is generalized to include the interaction of filler with filler. It is then utilized to determine the five elastic moduli of filled polymer containing aligned ellipsoidal particles at finite concentrations ϕ. The anisotropic particle shape is characterized by an aspect ratio ρ of an ellipsoid. The present theory compares well with available experiments in the literature. The experimentally verified Kerner equation for spherical particles and rule of mixtures for the longitudinal Young's modulus at ρ → ∞ are special cases of our new results.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1978.180160602
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monomer reactivity ratio and Q-e values for copolymerization of hydroxyalkyl acrylates and 2-(1-aziridinyl)ethyl methacrylate with styrene (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 13 (1975), S. 309-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Copolymers of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, and 2(1-aziridinyl)-ethyl methacrylate (M2) with styrene (M1) were prepared in benzene solution at 60°C. Benzoyl peroxide, 0.1-0.2 mole-%, was used as initiator. Copolymer samples with the molar concentrations of M2 feed ranging from 0.10 to 0.85 were used to determine the reactivity ratios. Elemental analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) were used to determine copolymer compositions. There was a solubility problem when the latter technique was applied. When samples which were completely soluble were analyzed, the results obtained from NMR and elemental analysis were in excellent agreement. The monomer reactivity ratios and the corresponding parameters for the copolymerization of (M1) with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate are: r1 = 0.38 ± 0.02, r2 = 0.34 ± 0.03; Q2 = 0.85, e2 = 0.64; with hydroxypropyl acrylate are: r1 = 0.45 ± 0.03, r2 = 0.36 ± 0.03; Q2 = 0.75, e2 = 0.56; with 2(1-aziridinyl)ethyl methacrylate are: r1 = 0.53 ± 0.02, r2 = 0.63 ± 0.04; Q2 = 0.82, e2 = 0.25.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.170130204
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical study of β-hydrogen transfer in ziegler-natta oligomerization (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 13 (1975), S. 761-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.130131209
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  • 10
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    Stochastic inverse problem in the radiation of noise (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The reported investigation is concerned with a stochastic inverse radiation problem in a uniform medium. The problem is illustrated with the aid of a simple model consisting of an array of point sources. The entropy functional is chosen to be the structural functional in determining the source distribution. A general theory for the stochastic inverse problem is introduced. It is shown that the general procedure yields the methods of the Lagrangian multiplier, when the structural and residual functionals are specialized. Tihonov's regularization and a method related to generalized or pseudoinverses are also obtained. Examples considered for purposes of illustration are related to a continuous source with the least noise intensity, a continuous source with a potential, and an axisymmetric line source.
    Keywords: ACOUSTICS
    Type: AD-A074039 , ARO-12360.9-M , SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics; 35; Dec. 197
    Format: text
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