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  • Chemistry  (216)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (7)
  • 550 - Earth sciences
  • Humans
  • 1975-1979  (217)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 1109-1114 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 54 (1976), S. 187-201 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Moderne instrumentelle Methoden wurden zur Analyse von Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harzen verwendet. Ein ausführliches Studium der Silylierung des Harzes mittels BSTFA (N,O-Bistrimethylsilyltrifluoracetamid) ermöglicht die quantitative gaschromatographische Bestimmung der niedermolekularen Verbindungen Harnstoff, Monomethylolharnstoff und Dimethylolharnstoff. Das Verhältnis zwischen nieder- und hochmolekularen Verbindungen sowie die Mengen an niedermolekularen Verbindungen können mittels GPC-Analyse auf Sephadex LH 20 in Wasser ermittelt werden.Ein vollständiges Bild des Harzes erhält man durch 220 MHz 1H-NMR-Analyse von Lösungen von gefriergetrockneten Proben in DMSO-d6. Zusammen mit den Ergebnissen klassischer chemischer Analysen ergeben die Resultate der drei genannten Techniken einen guten Überblick über den Aufbau eines Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harzes.
    Notes: Modern instrumental techniques were used for analysing water-based urea-formaldehyde resins. An exhaustive study was made of the silylation of such a resin with BSTFA (N,O-bistrimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide). From the gas chromatograms the amounts of urea, monomethylol urea and dimethylol urea can be determined quantitatively, thus giving information on the low molecular weight part of the resin. The ratio of low to high molecular weight components as well as the amounts of several low molecular weight compounds can be estimated from a GPC analysis on Sephadex LH 20 in water. A detailed picture of the resin is obtained when freeze-dried samples are subjected to 220 MHz 1H-NMR analysis in DMSO-d6.An overall insight into the composition of these resins can be gained when the results of the mentioned techniques are combined with those of classical chemical analyses.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 62 (1977), S. 7-31 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die 13C-NMR-Spektroskopie wurde zur Analyse von Formaldehyd-Harzen verwendet. Aus Phenolen, Harnstoff und Melamin wurden mit Formalin Harze hergestellt. Die chemischen Verschiebungen dieser Harze wurden relativ zu TMS gemessen. Alle Harze waren in DMSO-d6 löslich, so daß die Signale von unterschiedlichen Harzen verglichen werden konnten.Die Spektren wurden mit Hilfe der Spektren von Referenzsubstanzen und einfachen, auf Additivität basierenden Rechenregeln interpretiert. Jeder Harztyp hat sein eigenes spezifisches Spektrum und enthält Signale, die über die Struktur im Zusammenhang mit dem Katalysatortyp und der Kondensationsweise Auskunft erteilen. Die unterschiedlichen Formen, in denen Formaldehyd in diese Harze als Methylenkohlenstoff eingebaut ist, lassen sich unzweideutig aus dem Gebiet von 20 bis 100 ppm bestimmen.Diese Arbeit zeigt, daß sich die 13C-NMR Spektroskopie sehr gut für die Analyse von Formaldehydharzen eignet.
    Notes: 13C-NMR spectroscopy has been applied to the analysis of formaldehyde containing resins. Samples have been prepared from phenols, urea and melamine with formaldehyde. The chemical shifts of the carbon atoms in the resins were measured relative to TMS. All the samples could be dissolved in DMSO-d6 which facilitated the comparison of signals in different resins.The spectra were interpreted with the aid of spectra of reference compounds and simple calculations based on additivity increments. Each type of resin gives a specific 13C-NMR spectrum in which lines can be assigned that give information on the structure of the resin in relation to the type of condensation or catalyst used. Moreover, the different ways in which formaldehyde is incorporated in the resins as methylene carbon can be unambiguously determined from the region between 20 and 100 ppm.This work shows that 13C-NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for the analysis of formaldehyde containing resins.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1975), S. 82-89 
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Identification of hydrazine monoamine oxidase inhibitor drugs such as isoniazid, iproniazid, nialamide, isocarboxazid and iproclozide is made by electron impact mass spectrometry using the direct insertion technique. The molecular ion itself, although of low relative abundance, is found in the mass spectra of all compounds studied. Relative intensities of the major fragments and data on metastable ions useful in the identification of these compounds are reported. With the aid of synthesized structurally related products, deuterium labelling of exchangeable hydrazidic and hydrazinic protons and by the use of hexadeuterated isopropylic analogues, detailed information about fragmentation patterns is obtained. Splitting processes are chiefly governed by the nature of the aromatic substituent at the hydrazidic end and the alkyl sidechain located at the second hydrazinic nitrogen. The major fragmentations occurring are loss of small neutral molecules, double rearrangement, cleavage of the N—N bond, amide bond rupture, β-cleavage to the hydrazinic nitrogen atom and McLafferty rearrangements.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 13C n.m.r. chemical shifts of a number of 1,1-disubstituted ethylenes are presented. Moreover, effects of changing temperatures on the 13C n.m.r. chemical shifts of some of these compounds as well as of three normal alkanes are given. These variations in chemical shifts are attributed to varying amounts of sterically induced shifts in the different conformational equilibria. In addition to the well-known 1,4 interaction between two alkyl groups shielding effects on the carbon atoms of the connecting bonds are also proposed. No definite explanation of this effect is presented at this time. It is further shown that no simple correlations exist between 13C n.m.r. chemical shifts and calculated total charge densities at this level. Instead, the experimental results in 1-alkenes are rationalized by assuming a linear dependence of the 13C n.m.r. chemical shifts of C-1 and C-2 via rehybridizations on changes in bond angles for small skeletal deformations caused by steric interactions. These changes in geometries, as well as conformational energies in three 1-alkenes, were calculated by means of VFF calculations. Finally. upfield shifts for both C-2 and C-4 are proposed for those conformations of 1-alkenes in which the C-3—C-4 group interacts with the pz-orbital of C-2.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 7 (1975), S. 415-417 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C NMR spectra of the most important hop bitter substances are analysed. All individual carbon atoms are assigned, except the oxygen bonded sp2 carbon atoms. Most assignments are made partly by comparison with analogous compounds and partly by reference to literature data. Cross-correlations with the 1H NMR shifts are made for two main products and confirm the correctness of the assignments. All data are in agreement with the known structures.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 11 (1978), S. 316-318 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The γ-effects of sulphur on 13C NMR chemical shifts have been measured in a series of steroidal compounds containing the thiophene ring in different configurations with respect to the rest of the molecule. The data constitute the first example of downfield effects exerted by sulphur on both gauche and antiperiplanar γ-carbons. The γ-gauche effect of sulphur amounts to 1.6-1.8 ppm, the γ-antiperiplanar effect from practically zero to almost 1 ppm.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 2211-2230 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis and characterization of a series of sequential polypeptides with the repeating sequences Aze-Pro-Aze, Pro-Aze-Pro, Pro-Aze-Gly, Aze-Pro-Gly, Ala-Aze-Gly, Aze-Ala-Gly, and Pro-Pro-Gly are reported. The polymers were prepared by the active ester method, using the p-nitrophenyl, pentachlorophenyl, and N-hydroxysuccinimide esters as the polymerizable tripeptide derivatives. Except for poly(Ala-Aze-Gly) obtained via the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, all polymers were isolated in good yields and have weight-average molecular weights in the range 10,000-30,000. The molecular weights have been determined by applying the calibrated gel chromatography system described by Fairweather et al. [J. Chromatogr. (1972) 67, 157] and by viscometry. All di- and tripeptide intermediates were chemically and optically pure.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The molecular theory of the previous paper in this series is extended to determine the effect of divalent metal ions on helix stability relative to coil at fixed ionic strength and nucleotide phosphate concentration. Specification of the state of condensed counterions, as well as their concentration, is essential for the solution of this problem, and it is assumed that they translate freely within a thin cylindrical shell close to the polynucleotide. As a function of divalent counterion concentration mB2+ the relative stability of the helix is highly nonlinear. Although the overall trend is that the helix stability increases with addition of divalent metal ion, there is a narrow concentration range for which it decreases slightly. The behavior of the relative stability as a function of mB2+ is determined by the translational degrees of freedom of the counterions, both univalent and divalent, both condensed and uncondensed. Detailed comparison of the theory with data is not given here, but it is pointed out that the calculated values of the relative stability are consistent with the order of magnitude of the observed effect Mg2+ on the melting temperature.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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