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  • GEOPHYSICS  (4)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
  • BIOSCIENCES
  • 1975-1979  (4)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Several properties of the A/C index of polar cap variations introduced by L. Svalgaard in 1972 have been found to vary with time. In the presatellite era, C days, as measured by the Ap index, are almost twice as geomagnetically active as A days, while in the modern epoch they have essentially identical activity. Prior to 1962 there were over 40% more A days than C days per year, while during the modern epoch there are essentially equal numbers of A days and C days. In view of this strong bias to assigning a 'toward' classification on geomagnetically active days it is recommended that the Svalgaard A/C classification not be used in studies of geomagnetic activity. It is also recommended that a full and thorough documentation of the index be prepared and/or that others undertake to compile such a classification separately.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 80; Apr. 1
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Simultaneous measurements of low-energy precipitating electrons and magnetic fluctuations from the low-altitude polar-orbiting satellite Ogo 4 have been compared. Analysis of the two sets of experimental data for isolated events led to the classification of high-latitude field-aligned currents as purely temporal or purely spatial variations. Magnetic field disturbances calculated by using these simple current models and the measured particle fluxes were in good agreement with measured field values. Although fluxes of electrons of greater than 1 keV were detected primarily on the night side, magnetometer disturbances indicative of field-aligned currents were seen at all local times, in both the visual auroral regions and the day side polar cusp. Thus electrons with energies of less than about 1 keV are the prime charge carriers in high-latitude day side field-aligned currents.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 80; Jan. 1
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Simultaneous wave, resonant-particle, and ambient-plasma data from OGO 5 for chorus emissions on August 15, 1968, were found consistent with the theoretical critical pitch-angle-anisotropy condition for whistler-mode instability by Doppler-shifted electron cyclotron resonance. Local generation, as determined by wave normal measurements, occurred only when the pitch-angle anisotropy of resonant electrons required for instability substantially exceeded the critical anisotropy defined by Kennel and Petschek (1966).
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 81; Sept. 1
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Laboratory kinetic experiments, quantum theoretical studies and certain recently discovered infrared emissions from the stratosphere together imply the possible existence of a metastable, energetic, and reactive form of ozone in the upper atmosphere. This species can potentially affect the upper atmospheric photochemistry and heat balance. For these reasons there is a need for further quantum theoretical and laboratory chemical kinetic studies addressing some of the relevant properties of the internally excited ozone precursors.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Planetary and Space Science; 27; Apr. 197
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