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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary It was shown that adrenergic drugs, which increase the intracellular levels of cAMP, inhibit the rosette formation by T-lymphocytes, but stimulate the rosettes produced by B-lymphocytes. Cholinergic drugs, which increase the levels of cGMP, on the contrary, stimulate the formation of rosettes by T-lymphocytes but inhibit those produced by B-lymphocytes.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 35 (1979), S. 119-120 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary It was shown that, in physiological concentrations, insulin enhances, in vitro, the immunological phagocytosis of sensitized sheep erythrocytes by cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages. Insulin seems to stimulate macrophage phagocytosis as a cholinomimetic agonist by increasing the intracellular levels of cyclic GMP.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 35 (1979), S. 1092-1093 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Quantitative parameters concerning synapses were studied in the cerebellar molecular layer of 4 cats using ultrastructural morphometric methods. The number of parallel fibre-Purkinje dendrite synapses was estimated to be about 200,000.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 16 (1979), S. 225-229 
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Summary The thermoluminescent dosimetry is currently applied to radiation therapy in order to measure dose distributions on phantoms or to control the dose in vivo for special procedures or critical organs. The application of this method to the SIN's (Switzerland) pion beam has been studied. Measurements have been made on the following thermoluminescent materials:7LiF,6LiF, Li(nat)F, Li2B4O7, CaF2 : Mn, and CaF2 : Dy. Except for the last one a reduction (10%) of the sensitivity of the phosphors has been observed in the peak relative to the plateau region. An increase of the6LiF sensitivity relative to that of7LiF has been pointed out due to the neutron background through the (n,α) reaction on6Li. Glow curves of the LiF phosphors have been measured. A reduction (5%) of the intensities of peak 3 and 4 relative to peak 5 has been observed for irradiation in the peak region. This effect however can't be used in order to localize the dosimeter in the beam because the intensity of the thermoluminescence peaks shows a larger variability in a batch of dosimeters.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 13 (1978), S. 303-308 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Pharmacokinetics ; procainamide ; pharmacogenetics ; antiarrhythmic agent ; therapeutic serum concentrations ; constant rate infusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A pharmacokinetic approach was employed to design a dosing regimen for the i. v. use of procainamide (PA) which consisted of a loading infusion given over one hour followed by a maintenance infusion. Therapeutic serum concentrations of PA were achieved in less than 15 min, and toxic serum concentrations were avoided in 12 patients. A mean maximum serum concentration of PA of 5.78 mg/l was obtained with a loading infusion of 16.6 mg/min PA HCl. An average steady-state serum concentration of PA of 5.05 mg/l was obtained with a mean maintenance infusion of 222 mg/hour PA HCl. The total body clearance of PA in slow and fast acetylators averaged 31 and 43 l/h respectively. Use of PA in cardiac patients by i. v. infusion can be safe and effective therapy.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: procainamide ; pharmacokinetics ; constant-rate infusion ; acetylator phenotype ; pharmacogenetics ; renal impairment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The pharmacokinetics of procainamide was determined in 21 lidocaine-resistant patients who received the drug according to a pharmacokinetically designed double-infusion technique. Thirteen patients were phenotyped as slow acetylators, seven as fast, and one as intermediate. The total body clearances (ClT) of PA in slow and fast acetylators were 22.6 and 34.8 liters/hr, respectively. The fraction of PA cleared by the formation of NAPA in the corresponding acetylator group was 0.2 and 0.4. Renal impairment affected the pharmacokinetics of PA more profoundly as the ClTs of PA in patients with and without renal impairment were 17.9 and 31.2 liters/hr, respectively. None of the calculated volumes of distribution was affected by acetylator phenotype or renal impairment. These data identify the contribution of at least two of the major factors accounting for variability in PA disposition in patients undergoing therapy.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 32 (1978), S. 717-723 
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The flux density gradient in a plastically deformed niobium single crystal was measured. The profiles in increasing and decreasing field are not symmetric, and depend on the history of the magnetic field. This effect was observed up to 0.9H c2, although it was more pronounced at lower fields. These results, as well as an observed asymmetry of minor hysteresis loops, cannot be understood by the critical state model. We suggest that they are related to the creation of dislocations in the flux line lattice.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 36 (1979), S. 33-46 
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The profiles of the magnetic induction near the surface of cylindrical niobium samples were measured by the method of differential susceptibility in minor hysteresis loops. The flux density gradient near the surface generally is considerably higher than in the bulk. This may be interpreted in terms of a surface barrier or of a surface pinning force. The experimental results can be summarized as follows: (1) Surface pinning always increased with surface roughness. (2) When the surface was polished the barrier was only observed in a plastically deformed sample. (3) The influence of the surface seems to extend down to a depth of some tenth of a millimeter.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Parasitology research 52 (1977), S. 151-168 
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Verabreichung von Praziquantel (2-Cyclohexylcarbonyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrazino[2,1-a]isochinolin-4-on) an experimentell mit Schistosoma mansoni infizierte Mäuse in oralen Dosen von 100 bzw. 50 mg/kg an jeweils fünf aufein and erfolgenden Tagen verursachte bei allen Tieren Oogrammveränderungen und eine deutliche Verschiebung der Schistosomen (97,1 bzw. 89,1%) in die Leber. Auch bei den niedrigsten Dosen (12,5 und 6,3 mg/kg) wurden noch Oogrammveränderungen beobachtet, aber keine “liver shift” mehr. Nach einmaliger intramuskulärer Injektion ergaben sich vergleichbare Ergebnisse wie bei einmaliger oraler Gabe. Die “liver shift” nach Gabe von 200 bzw. 100 mg/kg war nur mäßig und der Anteil der nach Perfusion in der Leber zurückbleibenden Schistosomen besonders niedrig. Bei einmaliger nasaler Behandlung waren die Ergebnisse nicht ganz so gut wie nach oraler Gabe an fünf Tagen. Gemessen am Anteil der Tiere mit Oogrammveränderungen, dem Ausmaß der “liver shift” der Schistosomen und dem Prozentsatz der in der Leber fixierten Würmer ist Praziquantel im Hamster wirksamer gegen Schistosomen als in der Maus. Schon eine an fünf Tagen gegebene Dosis von 12,5 mg/kg bewirkte eine “liver shift” von 60,4% der Würmer und Oogrammveränderungen bei 60% der Tiere. Im Cebus-Affen wurde nach dreimaliger Gabe von 10 bzw. 20 mg/kg an einem Tag (Gesamtdosis 30 bzw. 60 mg/kg) eine bemerkenswerte Reduktion der Wurmzahl gefunden. Eine einmalige orale oder intramuskuläre Gabe von 100 mg/kg bewirkte eine Heilung. Ein Affe zeigte nach Behandlung mit 100 mg/kg in Form eines Nasensprays bei der Sektion nach 69 Tagen nur weibliche Schistosomen.
    Notes: Summary In mice experimentally infected with Schistosoma mansoni, praziquantel (2-cyclohexylcarbonyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrazino[2,1-a]isoquinoline-4-one), administered orally at the levels of 100 and 50 mg/kg, for 5 consecutive days, produced oogram changes in all animals and a pronounced hepatic shift of schistosomes (97.1 and 89.1, respectively). At lowest levels (12.5 and 6.3 mg/kg), alterations in the oogram could still be detected, although hepatic shift of schistosomes was no more evident. After a single intramuscular injection, the results obtained paralleled those observed with a single-dose oral treatment. The hepatic shift was only moderate at 200 and 100 mg/kg and the percentages of worms retained in the liver, after perfusion, were particularly low. When nasal route in a 1-day regimen was used, the results obtained were slightly less evident as compared with those observed by oral route (5-day schedule). Considering the percentage of oogram changes, the degree of hepatic shift of schistosomes and the percentage of worms fixed in the liver, the antischistosomal activity of praziquantel was greater in hamsters than in mice. Actually, a daily dose as low as 12.5 mg/kg, administered for 5 consecutive days, was sufficient to shift 60.4% of the worms towards the liver and to produce alterations of the oogram in 60% of the animals. In Cebus monkeys orally treated with 10 and 20 mg/kg of praziquantel, given 3 times within a single day (total doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg, respectively), a remarkable reduction in worm burden was observed. A single oral or intramuscular dose of 100 mg/kg was found to be curative. One Cebus dosed with 100 mg/kg, by nasal spray, was found to harbor only female worms at autopsy performed 69 days after treatment.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Submandibular gland (Mouse) ; Glycoprotein ; Fucose ; Radioautography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Glycoprotein secretion in the mouse submandibular gland was investigated by light microscope radioautography of semi-thin sections after the administration of L-3H-fucose. The incorporation of the precursor in the acini was negligible. 3H-fucose was taken up in the paranuclear region of the cells lining the intercalated, secretory, striated and excretory ducts. This labeling pattern was interpreted as addition of the precursor to glycoproteins within the Golgi apparatus. Incorporation in the intercalated duct was restricted to the cells with fine cytoplasmic granules. The glycoproteins synthesized by the intercalated and secretory ducts were transported to the saliva by the secretion granules. It is assumed that the glycoproteins synthesized in the striated and excretory ducts are plasma membrane glycoproteins which seem to renew continuously. Quantitation of the radioautographs supplied data concerning the incorporation of 3H-fucose into newly synthesized glycoproteins as well as the renewal of the labeled macromolecules in each duct.
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