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  • Articles  (196)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (141)
  • Male
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (141)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (55)
  • 1975-1979  (196)
Collection
  • Articles  (196)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (141)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (55)
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Year
Journal
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concurrent development of resistance to 6-azauridine and adenosine in a mouse cell line This work was aided by grants from the U.S. Public Health Service (GM 18153 and CA 12504) and the National Foundation-March of Dimes, R.S.K. and O.J.M. are Career Scientists of the Health Research Council of the City of New York. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 86 (1975), S. 191-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A variant of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficient, and adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficient mouse A9 cell line has been obtained by selecting cells which are resistant to 6-azauridine. These cells are not only resistant to 6-azauridine (5 × 10-4 M), but also to adenosine (10-3 M). Resistance persists indefinitely even in the absence of both compounds. The resistant cells are killed by 5-fluorouridine (10-6 M), indicating that the part of the salvage pathway for pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis which is relevant to the action of 6-azauridine is intact. The heritable change producing concurrent resistance to 6-azauridine and adenosine probably involves the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040860202
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective lethal effect of thymidine on human and mouse tumor cellsSupported by The Stehlin Foundation for Cancer Research. (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 92 (1977), S. 401-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Human cell lines derived from a melanoma and a colon carcinoma, and cultures of human melanocytes and intestinal epithelial cells, as well as a mouse mesenchymal non-neoplastic cell line and a malignant subline of the same have been quantitatively studied in tissue culture for their sensitivity to thymidine. All three tumor lines produced solid tumors when injected into nude thymus-deficient mice. No tumors were obtained by injecting cells of the human normal long-term cultures or of the non-neoplastic mouse line.The tumor-producing lines showed a greater sensitivity to the lethal effects of high concentrations of thymidine than their non-tumor-producing counterparts. Less than 23% of the tumor cells survived 72 hours in the presence of 1 mg/ml of thymidine, in contrast to 60% or more of the non-tumor cells.Colony formation was much more inhibited by thymidine and the differential between normal and tumor cells was even more pronounced. Tumor cells which also were treated for 72 hours with 1 mg/ml of thymidine and then plated in fresh medium formed very few colonies. If the plating efficiency of the untreated controls is considered as 100%, 4.3% or less of the treated tumor cells formed colonies, in contrast to 33% or more of the non-tumor cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040920308
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  • 3
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    Microwave radiation and chlordiazepoxide: synergistic effects on fixed-interval behavior (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: In the presence of low-intensity pulsed microwave radiation, at an average power density of 1 milliwatt per square centimeter, the response-rate-increasing effects of chlordiazepoxide were potentiated in rats. The behavioral effects of a drug can be modified by brief exposure to a low-level microwave field even when the radiation level alone has no apparent effects on the behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thomas, J R -- Burch, L S -- Yeandle, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1357-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424759" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects/*radiation effects ; Chlordiazepoxide/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Male ; *Microwaves ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Microwaves: effect on thermoregulatory behavior in rats (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-07
    Description: Rats, with their fur clipped, pressed a lever to turn on an infrared lamp while in a cold chamber. When they were exposed to continuous-wave microwaves at 2450 megahertz for 15-minute periods, the rate at which they turned on the infrared lamp decreased as a function of the microwave power density, which ranged between 5 and 20 milliwatts per square centimeter. This result indicates that behaviorally significant levels of heating may occur at an exposure duration and intensities that do not produce measurable changes in many other behavioral measures or in colonic temperature. Further study of how microwaves affect thermoregulatory behavior may help us understand such phenomena as the reported "nonthermal" behavioral effects of microwaves.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stern, S -- Margolin, L -- Weiss, B -- Lu, S T -- Michaelson, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 7;206(4423):1198-201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505008" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*radiation effects ; Body Temperature Regulation/*radiation effects ; Male ; *Microwaves ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A histological study of the long-term response to trauma of squamate integument (1978)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 157 (1978), S. 121-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Scale neogenesis following excision of pieces of skin of various sizes and shapes has been studied in several squamate species. In small wounds, neogenesis does not occur, the wound region contracts, and increased areas of hinge differentiation are seen. In large wounds, the time taken for neogenesis to occur, and the size, shape, distribution, and number of the reformed units, are variable. We confirm previous reports that neogenesis accompanies a renewal phase of the shedding cycle, and suggests that this is because both types of morphogenesis require germinal stability.All types of trauma thus far studied show the initial formation of a hyperplastic wound epithelium with the histological characteristics of a normal α-layer: such tissues are the basis for physiological barrier functions. The mechanical functions of the skin can be fairly adequately restored even by abnormal neogenic scales. The observed variability in the process of scale neogenesis, and the final form of the individual units, are argued to be the result of mechanical factors impinging on the differentiating tissues.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051570202
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anatomy and histology of the alimentary tract of the desert millipede Orthoporus ornatus (Girard) (Diplopoda: Spirostreptidae) (1977)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 151 (1977), S. 121-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The alimentary tract of the desert millipede Orthoporus ornatus is essentially a straight tube consisting of a histologically distinct foregut, midgut, pylorus, hindgut, and rectum. Common to each region, but often different in regional appearance, are an outer sheath layer, longitudinal and circular muscle layers, a basement membrane, and an inner epithelial layer. Foregut and midgut lumina are lined by a cuticular intima, while a peritrophic membrane occurs in the midgut lumen.Gut structure is considered in the context of the known feeding habits and digestive efficiency of this long-lived, seasonally restricted detritivore.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051510107
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steroid hormone regulation of specific messenger RNA and protein synthesis in eucaryotic cells (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 85 (1975), S. 343-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Evidence is presented that the induction of specific proteins in the chick oviduct by the steroid hormones estrogen and progesterone, involves a primary effect at the level of gene transcription. The intracellular levels of mRNA's which code for the synthesis of the egg-white proteins, ovalbumin and avidin, have been quantitated in a heterologous protein synthesizing system. It is demonstrated that these levels are directly dependent upon the inducing steroid, estrogen or progesterone, respectively. Ovalbumin mRNA has been purified to apparent homogeneity. This ovalbumin mRNA was then used as a template for the synthesis of a complementary DNA copy catalyzed by the enzyme reverse transcriptase which was isolated from avian myeloblastosis virus. This radioactively labeled complementary DNA was used to demonstrate, by means of DNA excess hybridization, that the ovalbumin gene is represented only once in each haploid genome of the chick cell. Next the complementary DNA copy of the ovalbumin mRNA was used as a genetic probe to determine the precise number of sequences of ovalbumin mRNA present at any one time after the administration of estrogen. It was demonstrated that the unstimulated chick contained no sequences of ovalbumin mRNA. Within a very short period of time after estrogen is administered the ovalbumin sequences begin to appear and reach a steady state level of 140,000 molecules per tubular gland cell. It could also be calculated that each ovalbumin molecule is probably translated some 50,000 times during its life which explains why ovalbumin comprises some 60% of the total protein in the oviduct cell. Following withdrawal of the oviduct from estrogen treatment, ovalbumin mRNA sequences again drop to undetectable levels. However, following a single injection of estrogen to these withdrawn animals, new ovalbumin mRNA sequences could be detected within 30 minutes. These data suggest that estrogen controls the activity of the ovalbumin gene via a pure transcriptional control mechanism. It is also demonstrated that the efficiency of the complementary DNA as a means of quantitating specific mRNA sequences is some 1,000 times more sensitive than the best available in vitro translation system. Finally, the efficacy of four popular translation systems is compared. It is suggested that for initial studies involving hormonal control of mRNA levels, the translation system derived from wheat germ is the simplest and most sensitive.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040850403
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of mutant fibroblasts in the analysis of the regulation of cholesterol metabolism in human cells (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 85 (1975), S. 425-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Analysis of mutant human fibroblasts deficient in a cell surface receptor for low density lipoproteins (LDL) has led to the delineation of an important, hitherto unrecognized, regulatory process for cholesterol metabolism. In normal cells, binding of LDL to this receptor regulates cholesterol metabolism by two mechanisms: (a) suppression of cholesterol synthesis and (b) facilitation of the rate of proteolytic degradation of the lipoprotein. In cells from homozygotes with the autosomal dominant disorder Familial Hypercholesterolemia, a nearly total reduction in LDL receptors results in two secondary abnormalities: (a) overproduction of cholesterol due to an inability of LDL to suppress the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, the rate-controlling enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, and (b) impairment in the rate of proteolytic degradation of LDL. Cells from heterozygotes possess about 50 per cent of the normal number of LDL receptors; this leads to a concentrationdependent defect in regulation, so that attainment of rates of cholesterol synthesis and LDL degradation equal to that in normal cells requires a two to three-fold higher concentration of extracellular LDL in the heterozygote. The identification of this genetic regulatory defect in fibroblasts of heterozygotes with Familial Hypercholesterolemia makes available an in vitro system for studying the molecular mechanism by which a dominant mutation affects gene expression in mammalian cells.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040850409
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of the vacuolar apparatus in augmented protein degradation in cultured fibroblasts (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 94 (1978), S. 77-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Rat embryo fibroblasts, grown in Eagle's MEM with 10% serum, showed a rapid increase in autophagic vacuoles when placed in MEM with 0-1% serum. Concurrent with this response, degradation of cellular proteins showed a 2-fold increase. We did not find any increases in cathepsin D, β-glucuronidase, β-galactosidase, and β-glucosidase, or proteolytic activity of cell homogenates at pH 3.7 towards endogenous substrates. Homogenates prepared in 250 mM sucrose at pH 7.0 showed a 40% increase in protein breakdown. These data support the hypothesis that the induced increase in proteolysis, characteristic of cells placed in a nutritionally deficient medium, is effected by an activated vacuolar apparatus (lysosomes and autophagic vacuoles). We suggest, however, that this mechanism is distinct from normal protein turnover in the cell, but can be rapidly induced by appropriate alterations in the cellular environment. Finally, this induced proteolytic mechanism is not dependent upon an increase in lysosomal enzymes, but rather a structural alteration within the cell which effects a transfer of cellular proteins into the vacuolar apparatus.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040940110
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The modulation of the induction of ornithine decarboxylase by spermine, spermidine and diamines (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 96 (1978), S. 225-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Extremely low concentrations of putrescine, spermidine and spermine added to the extracellular medium of cultures of mammalian cells inhibit the induction of ornithine decarboxylase activity despite 100- to 1,000-fold greater intracellular polyamine concentrations. The diamines, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,12-diaminododecane also inhibit ornithine decarboxylase at all concentrations tested (greater than 10-6 M). In contrast, 10-6 M to 10 -3 M 1,8-diaminooctane, the alkyl analog of spermidine, enhances ornithine decarboxylase activity.The concentraton of putrescine required to inhibit the activity of ornithine decarboxylase by 50% is a characteristic of each cell line; however, it varies by as much as 1,000-fold among the five cell lines we have tested (L1210 leukemic, H35 hepatoma, N18 neuroblastoma, W256 carcinosarcoma and 3T3 fibroblasts).The antizyme to ornithine decarboxylase can be induced in all these cells by high (di)(poly)amine concentrations.Based on these and other experiments we suggest a working hypothesis: that the polyamines regulate ornithine decarboxylase activity through two different sites that may be interrelated; a sensitive membrane-mediated site that responds to minute fluctuations of extracellular polyamine levels and a coarse site which may be intracellular or membrane associated that responds to larger fluctuations of intracellular polyamine levels. The consequences of such a control mechanism operating within the whole organism are discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040960211
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