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  • Articles  (9)
  • Middle Aged  (9)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (9)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Springer Nature
  • 1975-1979  (9)
  • 1
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    Smoking impairs long-term dust clearance from the lung (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: The time for the long-term clearance of dust from human lungs was measured. Three heavy cigarette smokers and nine nonsmokers inhaled a harmless trace amount of magnetic dust, Fe3O4. From periodic measurements with a sensitive magnetic detector of the amount of this dust remaining in the lungs, a clearance curve was determined for each subject. This magnetic tracer method allows clearance to be safely followed for a much longer time than with radioactive tracer methods. The dust clearance in the smokers is considerably slower than in the nonsmokers. After about a year, 50 percent of the dust originally deposited remained in the lungs of the smokers whereas only 10 percent remained in the lungs of the nonsmokers. The smokers therefore retained five times more dust than the nonsmokers. This impaired clearance of Fe3O4 suggests impaired clearance in smokers of other dusts, such as toxic occupational and urban dusts. The higher retention of these dusts may contribute to the higher incidence of lung diseases in smokers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, D -- Arai, S F -- Brain, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):514-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Dust ; Humans ; Iron ; Lung/*physiopathology ; Lung Compliance ; Magnetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Smoking/*physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Reversible cerebral atrophy in recently abstinent chronic alcoholics measured by computed tomography scans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-02
    Description: Eight chronic alcoholics received repeated computed tomography scans. Four, who maintained abstinence and functionally improved, showed partially reversible cerebral atrophy. Two nonabstinent patients and two abstinent patients who had completed functional improvement before the first scan showed no change in atrophy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlen, P L -- Wortzman, G -- Holgate, R C -- Wilkinson, D A -- Rankin, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 2;200(4345):1076-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Alcoholism/*pathology/radiography/therapy ; Atrophy ; Brain/*pathology/radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    B lymphocyte antigens in sicca syndrome (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: All individuals tested in this study with sicca syndrome, a human autoimmune disease, bear two immunologically distinct and genetically unrelated B lymphocyte antigens that appear similar to the immune response associated (Ia) antigens of the mouse. The genes coding for these two antigens are present in only 37 and 24 percent of normal controls. In animal models Ia antigen genes are closely linked to immune response genes. Our findings suggest that two such genes may be required for the development of sicca syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moutsopoulos, H M -- Chused, T M -- Johnson, A H -- Khudsen, B -- Mann, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1441-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Female ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Genetic Linkage ; HLA Antigens/analysis/genetics ; Humans ; Isoantigens/*analysis/genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sjogren's Syndrome/genetics/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol production by human brain in vivo (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: A direct method has been employed to estimate the rate of production by human brain of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol, the major metabolite of brain norepinephrine, a brain neurotransmitter. Venous specimens were obtained from the internal jugular vein from ten awake human subjects at a puncture site above the common facial vein, the first major source of extracranial inflow. Arterial specimens were simultaneously obtained from the radial artery. Plasma samples were assayed and a highly significant difference was found in the concentration of the metabolite in plasma coming out of the brain (venous blood) as compared to plasma entering the brain (arterial blood). This venous-arterial difference was calculated to be 0.7 +/- 0.1 nanogram per milliliter of blood. Assuming an adult brain weight of 1400 grams and normal cerebral blood flow, it is estimated that the rate of production of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol by the awake human brain is approximately 597 nanograms per minute or 35.8 micrograms per hour. Urine specimens were also collected from six of these subjects during a period of 1 to 3.5 hours, which bracketed the time the blood samples were obtained. For these six subjects the output of 3-methyoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol by whole brain was estimated to be 40.9 micrograms per hour, whereas the rate of its excretion into urine was 64.5 micrograms per hour.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maas, J W -- Hattox, S E -- Greene, N M -- Landis, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1025-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Female ; Glycols/*metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol/blood/*metabolism/urine ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Chronologic and physiologic age affect replicative life-span of fibroblasts from diabetic, prediabetic, and normal donors (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Cultured skin fibroblasts from subjects with clinically apparent diabetes mellitus and from subjects genetically predisposed to diabetes have a replicative lifespan that is inversely related to donor age. Fibroblasts from carefully defined normal subjects not predisposed to diabetes fail to show this correlation. The data support the idea that physiologic status of the tissue donor is a more precise determinant of fibroblast replicative lifespan than chronologic age.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldstein, S -- Moerman, E J -- Soeldner, J S -- Gleason, R E -- Barnett, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):781-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; *Aging ; Cell Division ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetes Mellitus/pathology/*physiopathology ; Fibroblasts/*cytology/pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Prediabetic State/pathology/*physiopathology ; Regression Analysis ; Skin/cytology/pathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Adherence of group A streptococci to pharyngeal cells: a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatic fever (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-04
    Description: We used an assay in vitro to investigate the possible role of streptococcal adherence to human pharyngeal cells in the pathogenesis of acute rheumatic fever. There was no difference in adherence of rheumatic fever-associated and non-associated strains of group A streptococci to pooled pharyngeal cells of normal people. Likewise, streptococci not associated with rheumatic fever adhered equally well to cells taken from normal people and from patients with rheumatic heart disease. However, the pharyngeal cells of all nine rheumatic heart disease patients tested had increased avidity for adherence for a rheumatic fever-associated strain of streptococcus compared to the pharyngeal cells obtained from age- and sex-matched controls. Increased streptococcal adherence to pharyngeal cells of rheumatic fever-prone patients may play a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatic fever.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Selinger, D S -- Julie, N -- Reed, W P -- Williams, R C Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 4;201(4354):455-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/351810" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngeal Diseases/complications/microbiology ; Pharynx/*microbiology ; Rheumatic Fever/*etiology/microbiology ; Streptococcus pyogenes/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Acute myelogenous leukemia: a human cell line responsive to colony-stimulating activity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: A permanent human cell line that maintains the granulocytic characteristics of acute myelogenous leukemia cells has been established. The cells of this line form myeloid colonies in soft gel culture in the presence of human colony-stimulating activity. The cell line may be useful for studying human acute myelogenous leukemia and the mechanism of response to colony-stimulating activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koeffler, H P -- Golde, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1153-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/306682" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/drug effects ; *Cell Line ; Chromosome Aberrations/genetics ; Chromosome Disorders ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/*pharmacology ; Glycoproteins/*pharmacology ; Granulocytes/pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Dendritic growth in the aged human brain and failure of growth in senile dementia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-16
    Description: Golgi-stained dendrites of single randomly chosen layer-II pyramidal neurons in the human parahippocampal gyrus were quantified with a computer-microscope system. In nondemented aged cases (average age, 79.6 years), dendritic trees were more extensive than in adult cases (average age, 51.2), with most of the difference resulting from increases in the number and average length of terminal segments of the dendritic tree. These results provide morphological evidence for plasticity in the mature and aged human brain. In senile dementia (average age, 76.0), dendritic trees were less extensive than in adult brains, largely because their terminal segments were fewer and shorter. Cells with shrunken dendritic trees were found in all brains. These data suggest a model of aging in the central nervous system in which one population of neurons dies and regresses and the other survives and grows. The latter appears to be the dominant population in aging without dementia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buell, S J -- Coleman, P D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):854-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; *Aging ; Cells, Cultured ; Dementia/pathology/*physiopathology ; Dendrites/pathology/physiology/ultrastructure ; Hippocampus/pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Cadmium: in vivo measurement in smokers and nonsmokers (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-20
    Description: Absolute amounts of cadmium (in milligrams) in the left kidney and concentrations of cadmium (micrograms per gram) in the liver were measured in vivo in 20 healthy adult male volunteers. Organ cadmium levels of smokers were significantly elevated above those of nonsmokers. No relationship was evident between body stores of cadmium (liver and kidney) and cadmium or beta 2-microglobulin in urine or blood. The average total body burden of cadmium in man at age 50 is estimated to be 19.3 milligrams for nonsmokers and 35.5 milligrams for smokers (38.7 pack-year smoking history). Biological half-time for the whole body was, on average, 15.7 years (10- to 33-year range). Dietary absorption was 2.7 micrograms per day. Cigarette smoking resulted in the absorption of 1.9 micrograms per pack.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ellis, K J -- Vartsky, D -- Zanzi, I -- Cohn, S H -- Yasumura, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 20;205(4403):323-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377488" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cadmium/*analysis ; Diet ; Humans ; Kidney/analysis ; Liver/analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutron Activation Analysis ; Smoking/*physiopathology ; Tissue Distribution ; beta 2-Microglobulin/urine
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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