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  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (183)
  • 1975-1979  (183)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: Three demonstrations of scientific concepts concerning liquids were performed during the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project mission. Chemical foaming, spreading of liquids, and capillary wicking were the subjects of each demonstration photographed in space. The results clearly illustrated the basic principles, and films suitable for educational uses are now available from the first author.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Apollo-Soyuz Test Project; 9 p
    Format: text
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Techniques to determine the environmental effects from the space shuttle SRB (Solid Rocket Booster) exhaust effluents are used to perform a preliminary climatological assessment. The exhaust effluent chemistry study was performed and the exhaust effluent species were determined. A reasonable exhaust particle size distribution is constructed for use in nozzle analyses and for the deposition model. The preliminary assessment is used to identify problems that are associated with the full-scale assessment; therefore, these preliminary air quality results are used with caution in drawing conclusion regarding the environmental effects of the space shuttle exhaust effluents.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-CR-2923 , M-236
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-05-19
    Description: The time-splitting explicit numerical method of MacCormack is applied to separated turbulent boundary layer flow problems. Modifications of this basic method are developed to counter difficulties associated with complicated geometry and severe numerical resolution requirements of turbulence model equations. The accuracy of solutions is investigated by comparison with exact solutions for several simple cases. Procedures are developed for modifying the basic method to improve the accuracy. Numerical solutions of high-Reynolds-number separated flows over an airfoil and shock-separated flows over a flat plate are obtained. A simple mixing length model of turbulence is used for the transonic flow past an airfoil. A nonorthogonal mesh of arbitrary configuration facilitates the description of the flow field. For the simpler geometry associated with the flat plate, a rectangular mesh is used, and solutions are obtained based on a two-equation differential model of turbulence.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AGARD Computational Methods for Inviscid and Viscous Two-and-Three-Dimensional Flow Fields; 24 p
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The thermal performance of two types of ablative leading-edge joints for a space-shuttle orbiter were tested and evaluated. Chordwise joints between ablative leading-edge segments, and spanwise joints between ablative leading-edge segments and reusable surface insulation tiles were exposed to simulated shuttle heating environments. The data show that the thermal performance of models with chordwise joints to be as good as jointless models in simulated ascent-heating and orbital cold-soak environments. The suggestion is made for additional work on the joint seals, and, in particular, on the effects of heat-induced seal-material surface irregularities on the local flow.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-X-3230 , L-10020
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The development of a computational model (BOAT) for calculating nearfield jet entrainment, and its incorporation in an existing methodology for the prediction of nozzle boattail pressures, is discussed. The model accounts for the detailed turbulence and thermochemical processes occurring in the mixing layer formed between a jet exhaust and surrounding external stream while interfacing with the inviscid exhaust and external flowfield regions in an overlaid, interactive manner. The ability of the BOAT model to analyze simple free shear flows is assessed by comparisons with fundamental laboratory data. The overlaid procedure for incorporating variable pressures into BOAT and the entrainment correction employed to yield an effective plume boundary for the inviscid external flow are demonstrated. This is accomplished via application of BOAT in conjunction with the codes comprising the NASA/LRC patched viscous/inviscid methodology for determining nozzle boattail drag for subsonic/transonic external flows.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-CR-3075
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Reported herein are comparative thermal film cooling footprints observed by infrared imagery from straight, curved and looped coolant tube geometries. It was hypothesized that the difference in secondary flow and turbulence structure of flow through these three tubes should influence the mixing properties between the coolant and mainstream. The coolant was injected across an adiabatic plate through a hole angled at 30 deg to the surface in line with the free stream flow. The data cover a range of blowing rates from 0.37 to 1.25 (mass flow per unit area of coolant divided by free stream). Average temperature difference between coolant and tunnel air was 25 C. Data comparisons confirmed that coolant tube curvature significantly influences film cooling effectiveness.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: ASME PAPER 79-WA/GT-7 , Winter Annual Meeting; Dec 02, 1979 - Dec 07, 1979; New York, NY
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Forced convection and subcooled boiling heat transfer data for liquid nitrogen and liquid neon were obtained in support of a design study for a 30 tesla cryomagnet cooled by forced convection of liquid neon. This design precludes nucleate boiling in the flow channels as they are too small to handle vapor flow. Consequently, it was necessary to determine boiling incipience under the operating conditions of the magnet system. The cryogen data obtained over a range of system pressures, fluid flow rates, and applied heat fluxes were used to develop correlations for predicting boiling incipience and convective boiling heat transfer coefficients in uniformly heated flow channels. The accuracy of the correlating equations was then evaluated. A technique was also developed to calculate the position of boiling incipience in a uniformly heated flow channel. Comparisons made with the experimental data showed a prediction accuracy of plus or minus 15 percent
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Cryogenic Engineering Conference; Aug 02, 1977 - Aug 05, 1977; Boulder, CO
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: During a test program to investigate low-cycle thermal fatigue, 21 of 22 cylindrical test sections of a cylindrical rocket thrust chamber were thermally cycled to failure. Cylinder liners were fabricated from OFHC copper, Amzirc, and NARloy-Z. The cylinders were fabricated by milling cooling channels into the liner and closing out the backside with electrodeposited copper. The tests were conducted at a chamber pressure of 4.14 MN/sq m (600 psia) and an oxidant-fuel ratio of 6.0 using hydrogen-oxygen as propellants. The average throat heat flux was 54 MW/sq m (33 Btu/sq in./sec). All of the failures were characterized by a thinning of the cooling channel wall and eventual failure by tensile rupture. The 1/2-hard Amzirc material showed little improvement in cyclic life when compared with OFHC copper; while the NARloy-Z and aged Amzirc materials had the best cyclic life characteristics. One OFHC copper cylinder was thermall cycled 2044 times at a steady-state hot-gas-side wall temperature of 514 K (925 R) without failing.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-X-73688 , E-9223 , 1977 Cryogenic Engr. Conf.; Aug 02, 1977 - Aug 05, 1977; Boulder, CO; United States
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A 30-tesla magnet design is studied which calls for forced convection liquid neon heat transfer in small coolant channels. The design also requires suppressing boiling by subjecting the fluid to high pressures through use of magnet coils enclosed in a pressure vessel which is maintained at the critical pressure of liquid neon. This high pressure reduces the possibility of the system flow instabilities which may occur at low pressures. The forced convection heat transfer data presented were obtained by using a blowdown technique to force the fluid to flow vertically through a resistance heated, instrumented tube.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-X-71712 , E-8330 , Cryog. Eng. Conf.; Jul 22, 1975 - Jul 25, 1975; Kingston, Ontario; Canada
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A simplified expression to estimate surface temperatures in forced convection boiling was developed using a liquid nitrogen data base. Using the principal of corresponding states and the Kutateladze relation for maximum pool boiling heat flux, the expression was normalized for use with other fluids. The expression was applied also to neon and water. For the neon data base, the agreement was acceptable with the exclusion of one set suspected to be in the transition boiling regime. For the water data base at reduced pressure greater than 0.05 the agreement is generally good. At lower reduced pressures, the water data scatter and the calculated temperature becomes a function of flow rate.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Cryogenic Engineering Conference; Aug 02, 1977 - Aug 05, 1977; Boulder, CO
    Format: text
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