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  • Springer  (114)
  • 1975-1979  (112)
  • 1925-1929  (2)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1977-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0364-152X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1009
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1977-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0364-152X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1009
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 41 (1979), S. 129-138 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The results of an earlier effort to provide a geometrical analysis of Hutchinsonian niche space are extended. The concept of diversity of a species in niche space is introduced and the maximization of this diversity provides a rationale for a within-niche fitness distribution which is Gaussian. Niche expansion is seen as a consequence of diffusion in niche space, and an evolutionary version of the Volterra competition equations is proposed as a way to relate niche geometry with population dynamics. Applications to topics in community evolution, species packing and the statistical fitting of species abundance data are mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 41 (1979), S. 283-304 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A setQ(n) of noncongruent connected shapes, constructed from a fixed numbern of congruent regular hexagons laid edge to edge, is defined. Various measures of shape are applied toQ(n) and the results are numerically analyzed in the special casesn≦9. The concept of spatial entropy is introduced which affords a measure of the “complexity” of shape. Possible biological applications include the analysis of ecological cover,stigmergy or the complex nest-building activities of social insects and morphogenesis. Essentially any comparative study of shape, regardless of the specific application, might be carried out along the lines suggested in the paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 39 (1977), S. 23-42 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Mathematical models of the phenomena of the sorting out of embryonic cells are derived which predict multiple clustering of like cell types into many small islands. The experiments of Trinkaus and Lentz, and other essentially two-dimensional cell sorting results, provide examples. Two continuous models are introduced, both based on the Smoluchowski theory of Brownian motion. A mass-interaction model predicts local clumping of the internally segregating cell type within a continuum of the other type. A diffusion model simulates the suspension-aggregate experiments of Roth and Weston. A discrete model of sorting out, the exchange model, is re-derived in a clearer manner than before, and certain recent criticisms are responded to. Results in recent two-dimensional cell sorting experiments are discussed and a stability criterion for patterns of multiple clusters is introduced. The site frequency model is re-examined and criticized in terms of its application to the Roth-Weston experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 256 (1978), S. 402-403 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 10 (1978), S. 181-183 
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal structure of thep-xylene solvate of cesium diiododimethylaluminate has been determined from counter data, and refined by full-matrix least-squares techniques. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic space groupC2221 witha = 12.577(4),b = 9.311(3),c = 14.256(4) Å, andD x = 2.19 g cm−3 forZ = 4. The finalR value for 481 observed reflections is 0.036. The anion resides on a two-fold axis; the Al-I bond length is 2.647(4) Å, and the Al-C distance, 1.98(2) Å. Important bond angles include I-Al-I′, 102.3(2) °; C-Al-C′, 115(1) °; I-Al-C, 114(3) °; and I-Al-C′, 106(3) °. The cesium ion also lies on the two-fold axis. Throughout the crystal the cesium ions are separated byp-xylene molecules. The Cs ⋯ C distances average 3.84 Å. In the lattice the iodine atoms reside on thea,b face diagonals (and symmetry-related positions) and are situated almost exactly between the cesium ions. The Cs ⋯ I contact, 3.925(1) Å, is consistent with a significant bonding interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 4 (1975), S. 609-619 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Transition-metal complex ions ; square planar complexes ; nucleophilic displacement ; solution kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Data on solvent effects in ligand substitution in square planar complexes are reviewed. In view of the fact that solvent effects for reactions of the planar complexes are quite different from those observed for saturated carbon substrates, it is felt that previous explanations for protic-dipolar aprotic solvent effects may have to be reconsidered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Materials and structures 8 (1975), S. 193-202 
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On a effectué un examen critique des résultats d'essai de retrait de séchage du béton dont on dispose afin de vérifier la validité de la thèse généralement acceptée que le retrait maximal du béton est une fonction de la dimension des éprouvettes d'essai. La littérature montre que cette thèse repose principalement sur les résultats de quelques essais sur grandes éprouvettes, en particulier ceux fournis par Hansen et Mattock. Comme il peut exiger plusieurs années pour atteindre l'état d'équilibre de la teneur en eau, il est d'usage, afin d'obtenir le retrait maximal d'une grande éprouvette, d'adapter les résultats expérimentaux à une courbe théorique de résistance en fonction du temps qui peut être extrapolée pour un temps infini. On s'appuie ordinairement sur une simple relation hyperbolique, bien que quelques chercheurs aient suggéré des relations plus complexes. On montre théoriquement que si la vraie relation retrait/ temps diffère de celle qui est supposée, et que si les dernières opérations de mesure pour l'essai sont faites à un moment où les éprouvettes conservent encore une forte humidité relative, ce qui est ordinairement le cas avec de grandes éprouvettes, cette méthode peut alors conduire à une grossière sous-estimation du retrait maximal. On a entrepris l'étude analytique d'un modèle idéalisé en vue de déterminer quels facteurs, s'il en existe pourraient expliquer les effects de dimension observés d'après les courbes retrait/perte de poids d'un certain nombre d'éprouvettes essayées à l'Université de Sydney. Le seul facteur qui ait déterminé un effet de dimension notable était l'amorce de la fissuration qui résulterait du retrait en surface empêché par la masse presque saturée de l'éprouvette. Étant donné le doute qui peut planer sur les valeurs de retrait maximal obtenu par extrapolation des résultats d'essai de grandes éprouvettes, on suggère qu'il ne soit pas tenu compte dans les calculs de l'effet de dimension sur le retrait final.
    Notes: Abstract A critical study of existing test data on drying shrinkage of concrete suggests that the generally accepted view that the ultimate shrinkage is a function of size cannot be strongly supported. Ii is shown that the values of ultimate shrinkage for large specimens obtained by extrapolation of empirical shrinkage-time curves can be seriously in error if the wrong form of curve is fitted. An analytical study of an idealised model indicates that the only factor which could produce a major size effect is the onset of cracking. Ii is suggested that for design purposes the size effect on the final shrinkage should be eliminated from codes.
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