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  • Articles  (21)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 1965-1969  (16)
  • 1880-1889  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 24 (1968), S. 1018-1018 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Endothelschicht von doppelt unterbundenen Abschnitten der A. carotis des Kaninchens wird 3 Tage nach der Unterbindung und Injektion von Intralipid (künstliche Fett-Emulsion) in das Lumen elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Die künstliche Hyperlipämie zusammen mit Hypoxie erzeugte eine starke Aufnahme von Fett in Form von intrazellulären Tröpfchen, die viel elektronendichter waren als die ursprünglichen Intralipid-Partikel. Ein morphologischer Hinweis auf den Mechanismus der Fettaufnahme wurde nicht gefunden.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The prepubertal responsiveness of 3 typical androgen-dependent enzyme activities, namely 20-ketoreductase, 3α- and Δ4-3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, towards a large dose of testosterone was investigated. The androgen induced the activity of the 3α-enzyme prepubertally in both sexes.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 54 (1967), S. 287-288 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nucleoside phosphatase activity was localized in rabbit intracranial blood vessels, namely cerebral and basilar arteries and veins, and in the thoracic aorta using the electron microscope. In the intracranial vessels the same ultrastructural localization of reaction product was found when ATP or ADP was used as substrate in a modified Wachstein-Meisel procedure using Mg ions as the enzyme activator. No reaction product was seen when using AMP or β-glycero-phosphate as substrates, or in controls without any substrate. Reaction product was sparsely localized within cell membrane invaginations on all sides of endothelial and, to a lesser extent, of smooth muscle cells. Pinocytotic vesicles occasionally contained reaction product. The greatest amount of lead phosphate (reaction product) precipitate was found in the basement membranes of both endothelial and smooth muscle cells, particularly intense in the former case. A diffuse precipitate of reaction product was observed in the cytoplasm of adventitial fibroblasts. The thoracic aorta demonstrated the same localization with the following exceptions: generally greater concentrations of reaction product were found using ATP as substrate, than in the corresponding intracranial vessels; interendothelial gaps and the cell membrane invaginations of these gaps were completely filled with reaction product; there was no specific localization of reaction product in the basement membranes; and reaction product could also be demonstrated using AMP and glycero-phosphate as substrates. Acid phosphatase activity was localized in lysosomes in endothelial and smooth muscle cells from both types of vessels. The differences in enzyme localization between aorta and intracranial vessels were discussed, particularly in light of the differences in nucleoside phosphatase activity and transport functions between brain and somatic capillaries.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 18 (1969), S. 210-216 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A further analysis of the ultrastructural localization of a Mg++ dependant neutral ATPase in arteries (thoracic aorta and basilar artery) has been performed in light of recent findings concerning the use of differential fixation and pitfalls in the standard Wachstein-Meisel (W-M) technique. The localization of reaction product was documented following fixation in 5% and 10% formaldehyde and 5% glutaraldehyde, and following incubation in the standard W-M media with ATP, AMP, β-glycerophosphate as substrates. These results were compared to the localization using a modified W-M medium with ATP in which the lead ion concentration was reduced to 1.8 mM. Using the standard W-M procedure, formalin fixation gave a more intense but also a more diffuse (both intra- and extracellular) precipitate of reaction product than glutaraldehyde. The localization to cell structure remained the same in both cases, namely to the outer cell membrane, within its invaginations and in pinocytotic vesicles of both endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Following incubation in a medium with lower lead ion concentration, less extracellular precipitate was found and following glutaraldehyde fixation, very sparse precipitate of reaction product was localized to the cell membrane and its invaginations, often on the cytoplasmic side. The reduction of extracellular precipitate following pre-incubation in 5 mM cystein was believed to be due to inhibition of an unspecific alkaline phosphatase and phosphomonoesterase which had diffused out of the cell following fixation. Cysteine had no effect on the ATPase of the vascular wall. The significance of these results was discussed in light of previous studies on blood vessels and newer insights into this technique.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A study of the mechanisms involved in silver staining of blood vessels has been performed on the rabbit and rat aorta and vena cava, both in fixed and unfixed states. Pretreatment with cationic detergents, organic solvents, and solutions containing free iodide ions inhibited the silver staining. Anionic or neutral detergents, oxidizing agents, binders of such ions as Ca++, Mg++ and SO 4 - failed to inhibit the staining. Staining of the intercellular gaps between endothelial cells and between smooth muscle cells could also be obtained if vessels were treated with a cationic detergent and bromocresol green, or by a modified Hale's colloidal iron technique. Silver lines could be returned to dechlorinated vessels, if treated with sodium chloride before silver nitrate staining, but not vice versa; by an extended treatment with dilute silver nitrate or with gold chloride following normal silver nitrate staining; and by treatment with heparin prior to silver staining. Dark chamber experiments have demonstrated that a photographic developer can take the place of light in the silver staining procedure and that a photographic fixer has the same effect on vessel silver staining as dechlorination. The obtained results have led to the hypothesis that silver staining of vessels occurs in two stages. In the first silver ions from silver nitrate are bound by polyanions located primarily in the intercellular gaps, and then reduced. This produces a network of reduced silver grains which, however, are still too sparsely aggregated to be visualized. Chloride ions in the tissues also bind and precipitate silver ions preventing their removal in subsequent rinsing procedures. In the second stage light (or a photographic developer) reduces the silver ions in silver chloride, producing a visible accumulation of metallic silver, but only around the silver grains reduced during the first stage, analogous to the photographic process. The possible existence and function of an intercellular cement substance is discussed in light of the evidence for the presence of polyanionic groups in the intercellular gaps.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 4 (1966), S. 371-379 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire On fait une comparison des caractéristiques linéaires et non-linéaires par la méthode des moindres carrés des relations entre les variations d'impédance transthoracique (ΔZ) et le volume d'air respiré (ΔV) en tenant compte de la position des électrodes, du somatotype, de la position du corps et du type de respiration sur sept sujets humains normaux. Les positions des électrodes qui fournissent le plus grand ΔZ et celles qui produisent l'erreur moindre dans les valeurs de ΔV, déterminées d'après les valeurs mésurées de ΔZ, sont aussi étudiées.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Ein Vergleich wird angestellt zwischen der linearen und der nichtlinearen Darstellung (Methode der kleinsten Fehlerquadrate) der Beziehung zwischen der transthorakalen Impedanzänderung ΔZ und dem Atemvolumen ΔV bezüglich Elektrodenlokalisation, Somatotyp, Körperlage und Atemtyp bei sieben normalen männlichen Versuchspersonen. Die Elektrodenlokalisationen wurden untersucht, welche das größte ΔZ-Signal ergaben, und die jenigen, welche nach Ausrechnung aus den gemessenen ΔZ-Werten den kleinsten Fehler in den ΔV-Werten ergaben.
    Notes: Abstract A comparison is made of the linear and non-linear least squares characterizations of the relationship between the transthoracic impedance change (ΔZ) and the respired air volume (ΔV) with regard to electrode location, somatotype, body position and type of breathing for seven normal, male, human subjects. The electrode locations which provided the largest ΔZ signal and those which produced the least error in the values of ΔV as determined from the measured values of ΔZ were also studied.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 6 (1968), S. 387-397 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire Le but de cet article est d'appliquer une loi physique, telle que les équations de Kirchhoff, à certains aspects de la physiologie rénale et cardiovasculaire. On peut en déduire facilement et systématiquement: les relations bien connues de filtrage, de sécrétion, de réabsorption, ainsi que les expressions mathématiques des débits, qui sont toutes des exemples de la méthode de dilution; en particulier, la circulation du plasma dans le rein, la formule de Fick pour le débit cardiaque et la formule de Kety pour la circulation sanguine du cerveau. La méthode de dérivation exige de réduire le système physiologique à étudier à un diagramme composé de diverses branches et de leurs points d'intersection, qui sont appelés des noeuds. Une fois le ou les noeuds choisis, l'équation de Kirchhoff peut être appliquée à chacun d'entre eux et être résolue pour les variables en question. La méthode, appliquée aux sujets mentionnés ci-dessus, apporte: 1. Une principe de base commun pour tous; 2. Une amélioration de la compréhension générale des sujets; 3. Un ontil qui peut éventuellement aider de nouvelles expériences.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Der Zweck dieser Arbeit liegt in der Anwendung eines physikalischen Gesetzes, das in der Knotengleichung gegeben ist, auf gewisse Aspekte der Nieren- und Herzkreislaufphysiologie. Die bekannten Beziehungen für Filtration, Sekretion und Reabsorption, und die mathematischen Ausdrücke für Flußgrößen—alle sind Beispiele der Verdünnungsmethode—wie der renale Plasmafluß, die Ficksche Formel für die Herzleistung und die Ketysche Formel für den zerebralen Blutdurchfluß werden leicht und systematisch abgeleitet. Die Methode der Ableitung erfordert eine Reduzierung des untersuchten physiologischen Systems auf ein Flußdiagramm, welches aus Verzweigungen besteht. Die Punkte, an denen diese zusammentreffen, werden als Knoten bezeichnet. Wenn der oder die geeigneten Knoten gewählt sind, kann die Knotengleichung auf jeden Knoten angewandt werden und für die gesuchten Variablen gelöst werden. Die Behandlung der obengenannten Punkte liefert (1) ein Grundprinzip als gemeinsame Basis; (2) ein besseres Verständnis des Fachgebietes und (3) eine Möglichkeit zur Planung neuer Experimente.
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this paper is to apply a physical law, described by the node equation, to certain aspects of renal and cardiovascular physiology. The well-known relations for filtration, secretion, and reabsorption, and mathematical expressions for flows, all of them examples of the dilution method, such as renal plasma flow, Fick's formula for cardiac output, and Kety's formula for cerebral blood flow, are easily and systematically derived. The method of derivation requires the reduction of the physiological system under study to a flow diagram composed of branches and the points where they meet, which are called nodes. Once the appropriate node or nodes are chosen, the node equation can be applied to each of them and can be solved for the variable under study. This treatment of the above-mentioned topics provides: 1. a basic principle which represents a common stem for all of them; 2. an improvement to the general understanding of the subjects; 3. a tool which eventually may help in the design of new experiments.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 37 (1965), S. 639-643 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Es werden Messungen der Überspannung von Wasserstoff, Chlor und Sauerstoff an Graphit-Elektroden mitgeteilt. Die Überspannung des Wasserstoffs ist Durchtrittsüberspannung. Die Überspannung des Chlors ist vorwiegend Diffusionsüberspannung. Die Überspannung des Sauerstoffs aus wäßrigen Lösungen ist vorwiegend Konzentrationsüberspannung. Die Austauschstromdichten bei der Abscheidung von Wasserstoff sind sehr klein, dagegen bei der Abscheidung von Chlor und Sauerstoff sehr hoch. Die Überspannung des Sauerstoffs bei der Abscheidung aus geschmolzenen Salzen ist vorwiegend Reaktions- und Diffusionsüberspannung. Die Austauschstromdichte bezogen auf 1 Mol O2--Ionen pro Liter Schmelze beträgt 400 mA/cm2; der Durchtrittsfaktor ist 0,2.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 18 (1885), S. 2713-2714 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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