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  • Articles  (10)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (10)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 1965-1969  (7)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A histological and ultrastructural study of germinal differentiation of interstitial cells arising from gland cells in Hydra viridis (1966)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 120 (1966), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Gland cells of the gastrodermis of Hydra when isolated from the epidermis are capable of dedifferentiating into interstitial cells. Under proper environmental conditions these interstitial cells are capable of undergoing meiotic divisions and forming normal gametes. This dedifferentiation and redifferentiation sequence has been studied at the level of the light and electron microscope. It is concluded that in Hydra there is no specific germinal cell line determined during embryogeny, and that a somatic cell under proper environmental conditions can be induced to undergo meiosis.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051200102
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the crocodile kidney (Crocodylus acutus) with special reference to electrolyte and fluid transportThis work was supported by grant AM09975-02 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. (1967)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 121 (1967), S. 255-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The study of the ultrastructure of the kidney tubules of the crocodile was made to compare the cellular structure with the capacity for electrolyte resorption and the ability to create an osmotic gradient across the tubular wall. The crocodile tubular cells were found to differ from the mammalian tubular cells in that they do not have basal infoldings, but instead have open lateral spaces between the cells, similar in many aspects to those found in the mammalian gallbladder. The physiological role of these lateral spaces in solute and fluid transfer is discussed.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051210402
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of the Limulus optic nerve (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 61-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Two complete composite photographs of the optic nerve of Limulus, made by electron microscopy, reveal the presence of neurosecretory granules in the large axons of the rudimentary eye neurons. The number of intermediate sized, (3-7 μ), of eccentric cells corresponds with the number of ommatidia as expected, but only their sheath of Schwann cells show an intimate interfolding. Based on the number of fine axons within the nerve each ommatidium has an average of 12-13 retinular cells. The diameter of their fibers is between 0.2 and 3 μ although the majority are between 1 and 1.5 μ. They are aggregated into bundles of six to seven fibers by the sheath cells although some bundles contain only two, others as many as 181 fibers. There is no indication in these studies that retinular cell axons within a bundle are associated with the same, adjacent, or other pattern of ommatidia. The photographs suggest that physiological activity in retinular cell axons might be detected most easily in the smallest bundles because they contain the fewest, but the larger retinular cell axons.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051250104
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mean weights of chick embryos correlated with the stages of Hamburger and Hamilton (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 79-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A total of 1125 normal chick embryos, representing 25 each of the 45 stages of Hamburger and Hamilton, were removed, fixed in Bouin's solution, stored in 70% ethanol and weighed with a semi-micro analytical balance. Entire blastoderms of stages 1-8 were weighed, whereas only embryos-proper were weighed in stages 9-45. As a consequence, results constituted two groups, each of which showed a geometric rate of growth marked only by minor deviations which were related to specific events of normal growth and development.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051240105
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anatomy and ultrastructure of the excretory system of the lizard, Sceloporus cyanogenysThis research was supported by NIH Grant AM 15972 and in part by DGF (SFB 146). (1976)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 149 (1976), S. 279-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The anatomy and ultrastructure of the lizard kidney (Sceloporus cyanogenys) have been studied by light and electron microscopy. The number of glomeruli was counted' in serial sections and estimated to be 2,000 (in the two kidneys). Beginning with the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule the nephron segments are sequentially: (a) proximal tubule; (b) intermediate ciliated segment consisting of a proximal and distal part; (c) distal tubule, which can be divided into two segments, followed by (d) connecting tubule and (e) initial collecting duct. The initial collecting ducts from several nephrons open into the collecting duct. Tubular epithelium in this lizard has similarities to that of other reptiles, The lateral borders do not overlap like in mammals, but interdigitate by fingerlike projections. The length of the nephron segments was measured in disected tubules and the diameter was measured on light and electron micrographs. From these measurements estimates of inner tubular surface area were made. Together with data from physiological studies (Stolte et al., '76; Schmidt-Nielsen, '76) the estimated surface area was used to calculate transport rates per unit area across the epithelium. Comparisons of structure and transport rates were made between S. cyanogenys and other reptiles and mammals.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051490302
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excretion and ultrastructure of the antennal gland of the fiddler crab Uca mordaxThis work was supported by grant AMO 9975-01 of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 125 (1968), S. 473-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Function and ultrastructure of the excretory organs (antennal glands) of the shore crab Uca mordax were investigated. The crabs were maintained at three different salinities: 50%, 100% and 200% seawater. In spite of previous reports to the contrary, the investigation showed that the powerful osmoregulatory ability found in Uca mordax is not due to participation of the antennal glands. Freezing point depression of urine under all conditions was found to be slightly less than that of the hemolymph, indicating a slightly hypoosmotic urine. It was further found that the antennal gland is extremely effective in resorbing sodium from the filtrate. The higher the salinity to which the crabs were acclimated the lower the sodium concentration in the urine. No water was resorbed from the filtrate as shown by the fact that the inulin U/P ratio remained unity regardless of the salinity to which the crabs were adapted. Electronmicroscopy of the antennal glands revealed that the coelomosac cells are similar to the podocytes described in the crayfish by Kümmel ('64), and the coelomosac appears to be a typical filtration organ. The cells of the labyrinth showed brush border and very elaborate basal infoldings with numerous mitochondria. The deep cytoplasmic infoldings which represent interdigitations with neighboring cells may be correlated with the effective sodium reabsorption in the labyrinth, but apparently not with water movement.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051250406
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deficient Fe59 and I125 deoxyuridine uptake by lympho-hemopoietic cell transplants engaged in homograft reactionsThese studies have been supported by funds from the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, U. S. Navy Department. The opinions and assertions herein are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Navy Department. (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 71 (1968), S. 185-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Erythropoietic activity of spleen cell grafts was measured (Fe59 uptake) in X-irradiated recipient mice under conditions in which these grafts were engaged in homograft reactions against allogeneic target cells or in graft-versus-host reactions. Such Fe59 incorporation was greatly reduced at 7 to 10 days after graft implantation relative to that of control grafts. This reduced erythropoiesis did not occur when the spleen cell graft was immunologically incompetent. Transplantation of bone marrow-lymph node cell mixtures also resulted in a relative decline in Fe59 uptake, but only when minimal numbers (105 to 106) of marrow cells were injected. The incorporation of I125 UdR in the spleen of irradiated recipients was used to assess cellular proliferation. Incorporation of this label was reduced when measured 7-10 days after implantation of the lympho-hemopoietic cell graft, but reached a peak at five days - the latter indicating stimulated lymphopoiesis. These data are consistent with the concept of depletion of a pluripotent stem cell pool (limited in size under these experimental conditions) due to excessive and concurrent functional demands for erythropoiesis and lymphopoiesis. An alternative explanation would involve cytotoxic effects on hemopoietic elements present in the milieu of the immunologic reaction.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040710302
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active cell aggregation by immature rat Sertoli cells in primary culture: A role for cell surface glycoproteins (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 99 (1979), S. 175-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates “colony formation” by immature rat Sertoli cells in primary culture. “Colony formation” involves cell aggregation. Consequently, the involvement of cell surface glycoproteins in cell aggregation was investigated by treatment of dissociated 10-day rat testis cells with sodium metaperiodate, glucosamine, various lectins, tunicamycin, and puromycin. Treatment of control cultures with 5 μM glucosamine stimulated cell aggregation; however, glucosamine did not affect FSH-stimulated cultures. Treatment of dissociated testis cells with 5 μM sodium metaperiodate, 10 μg/ml castor bean agglutinin (ricin), or 2.5 μg/ml horseshoe crab agglutinin inhibited FSH stimulation of cell aggregation. A similar inhibition of cell aggregation was observed following addition of 10 μg/ml puromycin or tunicamycin to culture media from 0- to 18-hours incubation. Treatment with soybean agglutinin, concanavalin A, or wheat germ agglutinin had no effect. The galactose-specific lectins, Ricin, Ricinus communis agglutinin I, and Bendeirea simplicifolia agglutinin, inhibit the FSH stimulation of 3H-aminoacid incorporation as well as cell aggregation in 24-hour cultres. The inhibition of cell aggregation by sodium metaperiodate treatment was reversed with 5 μM sodium borohydride reduction. Sodium metaperiodate treatment did not alter cell viability (as assayed with trypan blue dye exclusion), did not alter cell attachment, nor significantly decrease 125I-FSH binding by cultured testis cells. The results suggest that FSH stimulation of cell aggregation by immature rat Sertoli cells requires cell surface glycoprotein interactions. Furthermore, the specificity of lectin inhibition suggests that glycoproteins with terminal galactose and sialic acid residues are required for the FSH induction of cell aggregation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040990203
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic control reactions of the intact urinary bladder of the toadPreliminary reports of this work have been published (Davis and Canessa-Fischer, '61a, b; Canessa-Fischer, Edelmann and Davis, '62; Davis, Canessa-Fischer and Edelmann, '62). (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 345-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Metabolic control reactions have been studied in the intact toad bladder by means of fluorescence spectrophotometric measurement of reduced pyridine nucleotide and by measurement of respiration with the platinum electrode. substrates such as pyruvate and succinate lead to prompt increases in reduction level of pyridine nucleotide with only slight acceleration of respiration. major metabolic control is exerted by adp, which depletes the intact bladder of reduced pyridine nucleotide and accelerates respiration. respiratory control ratios, as for isolated mitochondria, depend upon the substrate being metabolized. a significant fraction of added adp appears to gain entry into the intact toad bladder and is converted to atp, anaerobiosis and amobarbital lead to increased levels of reduction of pyridine nucleotide. the spectroscopic and metabolic properties of the reduced pyridine nucleotide being studied identify it with that fraction of dpnh which is bound at one of the energy conservation sites linking phosphorylation reactions with electron transfer.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670215
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of 2-deoxyglucose on guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytosisSupported by NIH Grants PHS ROI AI 10892-03, AI 35806-01 and grants from the James Whitcomb Riley Memorial Association. (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 91 (1977), S. 89-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of 2-deoxyglucose (DOG), an inhibitor of glycolysis, on guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) obtained from peritoneal exudates was examined. ATP levels in PMN were reduced by 40% by one hour following an incubation with 2-deoxyglucose. When complement (C3) coated 14C-staphylococcus aureus, C3 coated lipopolysaccharide-paraffin oil droplets (LPSPO), 14C-pneumococcus opsonized with IgG, or albumin coated paraffin oil droplets opsonized with IgG were added to cell suspensions containing DOG, the phagocytizing rate was 1,310 ± 55 cpm/5 x 106 cells/15 minutes, 6 ± 2 μg paraffin oil (PO)/107 cells/minute, 2,250 ± 175 cpm/1 x 106 cells/20 minutes or 0.037 ± 0.01 mg PO/107 cells/minute compared to control values of 5,970 ± 275 cpm/5 x 106 cells/15 minutes, 35 ± μg PO/107 cells/15 minutes, 4,510 ± 200 cpm/1 x 106 cells/20 minutes and 0.067 ± 0.01 mg PO/107 cells/minute. In parallel studies the phagocytic index for latex was 0.74 ± 0.28 in DOG compared to control of 2.36 ± 1.13 and the phagocytic rate of albumin coated paraffin oil droplets was 0.029 ± 0.01 mg PO/107 PMN/minute in DOG compared to control of 0.048 mg PO/107 cells/minute. When ATP levels were maintained by the simultaneous addition of 5 mM glucose or pyruvate to media containing DOG, latex ingestion was improved to 1.15 ± 0.3 with glucose and 1.59 ± 0.64 with pyruvate and albumin coated particles to 0.045 ± 0.01 mg PO/107 PMN/minute with pyruvate. There was no improvement in the uptake of either the C3 dependent particles or IgG coated Pneumococci in media containing DOG and glucose and/or pyruvate. Following the removal of DOG from the extracellular medium and the addition of pyruvate or glucose, phagocytosis of C3 dependent LPS-PO was restored to normal values. Neither the binding of C3 or IgG coated particles to the PMN nor the lateral movement of glycoprotein utilizing concanavalin A capping was affected by DOG. Thus, the presence of DOG in the PMN containing adequate amounts of ATP will selectively and reversibly inhibit those surface events required for phagocytosis of C3 and IgG bound particles but not latex particles or albumin particles which non-specifically bind to PMN.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040910110
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