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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 77 (1973), S. 45-49 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In all organisms the multi-subunit enzyme DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyses the first basic step in gene expression, the transcription of DNA into RNA. The neutron small-angle scattering effects were studied in the Guinier region by applying the contrast-matching technique. Isotopic labelling was realised by culturing fully deuterated E. coli cells in a heavy-water medium containing deuterated substrates. One or two completely deuterated components (subunits) of polymerase holoenzyme (composition formula α2ββ′σ, molecular weight 497000) were recombined with the remaining natural (`hydrogenated') subunits for these neutron measurements. Measurements are presented of radii of gyration R, overall shapes, and pair distances d, of three components (subunits α2β,β′) in RNA polymerase of E. coli. The subunits β′, β and α2 are obviously rather elongated in situ and exhibit (as scattering-equivalent prolate ellipsoids) axial ratios of about 7:1 up to 9:1. The intersubunit centre of gravity distances were analysed to be 7.3 ± 0.8 nm for β−β′, 8.2 ± 1.2 nm for α2−β′ and 7.0 ± 1.7 nm for α2−β.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 28 (1974), S. 55-59 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Several aspects of buoyancy were studied in the normally pelagic eggs of the sciaenid fish Bairdiella icistia (Jordan and Gilbert). Spawning fish acclimated to a low salinity (15‰) produced larger, more buoyant eggs which had a higher water content than eggs produced by fish living in ordinary sea water (33‰ S). Eggs fertilized in lower salinities were larger and more buoyant than eggs fertilized in higher salinities. The salinity of the medium during the first 5 to 7 min after fertilization had a lasting effect on egg buoyancy, but subsequent transfer to a different salinity also influenced buoyancy. Although egg buoyancy in this species can be influenced by the ambient salinity both before and after spawning, the capacity for adjusting buoyancy is limited, and eggs spawned in salinities lower than 30‰ would probably sink.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on uptake of potassium (86Bb+ or 42K+) by Avena sativa L. coleoptile sections was investigated. ABA lowered the potassium uptake rate within 30 min after its application and inhibition reached a maximum (ca. 75%) after 2 h. The inhibition of K+ uptake increased with ABA concentration over a range of 0.03 to 10 μg/ml ABA. At a higher K+ concentration (20 mM) the percentage inhibition decreased. The percentage inhibition of K+ uptake by ABA remained constant with external K+ varied from 0.04 to 1.0 mM. After a loading period in 20 mM K+ (86Rb+), apparent efflux of potassium was only slightly increased by ABA. Experiments in which growth was greatly reduced by mannitol or by omission of indole-3-acetic acid from the medium indicated there was no simple quantitative correspondence between ABA inhibition of coleoptile elongation and ABA inhibition of K+ uptake. Chloride uptake was also inhibited by ABA but to a smaller degree than was K+ uptake. No specificity for counterions was observed for K+ uptake. Uptake of 3,0-methylglucose and proline were inhibited by ABA to a much smaller extent (14 and 11%) than that of K+, a result which suggests that ABA acts on specific ion uptake mechanisms.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 31 (1971), S. 238-250 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract R-mode technique factor analysis, performed on as many as 186 garnet and 103 omphacite samples from eclogites of known geological setting, confirms the three-group partition given by Smulikowski (1964, 1965) and Coleman et al. (1965), and lends support to the interpretation of eclogites as rocks formed under a wide range of P-T conditions both in the metamorphic and in the igneous realm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Methods are described for the successful rearing of northern anchovy larvae (Engraulis mordax Girard) on cultured foods. Larvae were fed successively on the unarmored dinoflagellate Gymnodinium splendens, the veliger of the gastropod Bulla gouldiana, and nauplii of the brine shrimp Artemia salina. Rearing containers ranging in capacity from 4.5 to 510 l were tested; the smaller ones were found to be most useful for laboratory experimentation. Irreversible starvation occurred when E. mordax were denied food for more than 1.5 days after yolk absorption. Growth rates of larval anchovies fed different diets were compared. Larvae fed G. splendens grew for 1 week at the same rate as animals fed wild plankton, but did not maintain this rate. Laboratory survival of E. mordax larvae on a diet of G. splendens alone, did not differ significantly when veligers supplemented the diet. However, when G. splendens and veligers were fed simultaneously to E. mordax larvae, growth rate was greatly improved, although still not matching the growth attained on a diet of wild plankton. Length (L) versus weight (W) analyses were made for all larvae at all diets. The results showed that weight could be calculated most accurately from length by the relationship log W=3.3237 log L-3.8205, regardless of diet.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 2 (1975), S. 351-357 
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Summary S-mosaics are mathematical structures which arise in many different contexts in theoretical biology. As a first step toward understanding the properties of these objects, we give an exact analytic formula f(n), the average fractional (hyper)volume of the smaller of the two segments produced when two points are placed randomly in an n-dimensional hypersphere (n = 1,2,3,...).
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 91 (1977), S. 83-91 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Auf Ultradünnschnitten Glutaraldehyd-OsO4 oder KMnO4 fixierterSaccharomycopsis lipolytica-Zellen, die in einem Medium mit Laktat als C-Quelle wuchsen, werden durchschnittlich 3–4 Anschnitte von Microbodies gefunden. Ihre Anzahl erhöht sich etwa um das Dreifache, wenn n-Hexadecan die C-Quelle ist. Nach der Umwandlung der Zellen zu Protoplasten mit Hilfe von Enzymgemischen vonHelix pomatia enthalten die Microbodies tubuläre Einschlüsse. Diese Tubuli, deren äußerer Durchmesser etwa 25 nm beträgt, haben eine zentrale Verdichtung und erreichen Längen bis zu 0,8 μm. Sie sind in Bündeln oder Schichten angeordnet. Die Tubuli bilden sich möglicherweise durch Assemblierung von Enzymproteinen, wenn die Zellen während der Umwandlung zu Protoplasten mit hypertonischen Lösungen osmotisch geschockt werden.
    Notes: Summary Electron micrographs ofSaccharomycopsis lipolytica-cells grown in a medium with lactate as carbon source and fixed with glutaraldehyde-OsO4 or KmnO4 show 3–4 profiles of microbodies per section in average. The number of microbodies is about three times greater when cells are cultivated in a medium with n-hexadecane. The spherical to avoid microbodies (0.3–0,8 μm in diameter) have a homogeneous matrix. After conversion of cells into protoplasts by the aid of snail gut juice tubular inclusions occur in microbodies. The single tubulus has an outer diameter of about 25 nm, a length up to 0.8 μm and contains a central rod. Several tubules form bundles or layers. It is suggested that the tubules could be enzyme protein assembling by osmotic shock with hypertonic solutions during preparation of protoplasts.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 75 (1972), S. 195-198 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 82 (1974), S. 395-399 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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