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  • Growth  (10)
  • Springer  (10)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1975-1979  (8)
  • 1970-1974  (2)
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  • Springer  (10)
  • Annual Reviews
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A scanning electron microscopic study of the growth of hydroxyapatite crystals (1972)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 10 (1972), S. 91-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Hydroxyapatite ; Calcification ; Phases ; Growth ; Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La croissance cristalline de l'hydroxyleapatite à 25° et à pH constant de 7.4 a été étudiée à l'aide du microscope électronique à balayage. La technique reproductible de croissance par ensemencement à partir de solutions stables sursaturées est utilisée efficacement pour produire des échantillons de minéral à divers stades distincts de croissance. Des changements de phase sont observés avec le progrès de la croissance; ils correspondent dans le temps avec les résultats cinétiques obtenus antérieurement. Un essai de rationalisation est tenté à la lumière des mécanismes proposés pour la formation d'hydroxyleapatite dans des conditionsin vivo.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Das Kristallwachstum von Hydroxyapatit bei 25° und einem konstanten pH von 7,4 wurde mit Hilfe eines Raster-Elektronenmikroskopes studiert. Die reproduzierbare Technik des Keimwachstums aus stabilen übersättigten Lösungen wurde mit Erfolg verwendet, um Mineralproben in verschiedenen bestimmten Stadien des Wachstums zu erhalten. Phasenveränderungen wurden beim fortschreitenden Wachstum beobachtet, und diese stimmten zeitlich gut überein mit kinetischen Resultaten, über welche früher berichtet wurde. Es wurde versucht, diese Beobachtungen zu erklären in Anbetracht von Mechanismen, welche für die Bildung von Hydroxyapatit unterin vivo-Bedingungen vorgeschlagen wurden.
    Notes: Abstract The crystal growth of hydroxyapatite at 25° and at a constant pH of 7.4 has been studied with the aid of a scanning electron microscope. The reproducible technique of seeded growth from stable supersaturated solutions was used effectively to produce samples of the mineral at various distinct stages of growth. Phase changes were observed as the growth proceeded and these corresponded favorably in time with kinetic results reported earlier. An attempt was made to rationalize the observations in light of mechanisms proposed for the formation of hydroxyapatite under conditions foundin vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012539
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The intestinal handling of calcium by the rat in vivo, as affected by cortisol. Effect of dietary calcium supplements (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 25 (1978), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcium ; Intestine ; Growth ; Cortisol ; Hydroxyproline ; Parathyroid hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary This paper reports the effects of cortisol on intestinal management of calcium and on related changes on bone metabolism. Five groups of 12 rats each fed a standard diet (0.8% Ca) received 2, 6, 16, 32, and 128 mg/kg/day of cortisol hemisuccinate, subcutaneously. After 16 days, intestinal absorption and excretion of Ca were measured with the aid of45Ca. True Ca absorption increased as a function of dose up to 16 mg/kg/day and remained high with the larger doses. Endogenous fecal Ca excretion increased exponentially as a function of the dose from 16 mg/kg/day onwards. Therefore, a dual effect was observed: (a) an increase in true Ca absorption at low cortisol doses (which increased net Ca absorption); and (b) an increase in endogenous fecal Ca excretion at high doses (which reduced net Ca absorption). In no case was a depression of true Ca absorption observed. Growth rate and food conversion efficiency were depressed only with a cortisol dose of 128 mg/kg/day. The urinary excretion of hydroxyproline, pyrophosphate, and aminopolysaccharides decreased with low doses and increased above normal levels with the highest dose. When animals treated with 128 mg/kg/day of cortisol were fed Ca-enriched diets, net Ca absorption improved. Simultaneously, growth rate and food conversion efficiency approached normal values. In these experiments, net absorption of Ca was found to be inversely related to urinary excretion of hydroxyproline. The urinary rate of excretion of hydroxyproline is suggested as an indicator of the effect of a Ca supplement on cortisol affected connective tissue turnover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02010743
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of undernutrition and its relief on intestinal calcium transport in the rat (1974)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 16 (1974), S. 293-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcium transport ; Undernutrition ; Growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Active transport of calcium across the duodenum was measuredin vitro in rats growing normally and in rats during undernutrition and subsequent rehabilitation. In rats growing normally duodenal calcium transport was an inverse function of age and the length and mineral concentration of the femur. Duodenal calcium transport was reduced during undernutrition and was stimulated when the undernutrition was relieved. Calcium transport was not related to age nor to the size and composition of the femur during undernutrition and rehabilitation. Under all the conditions of the study calcium transport across the duodenum was a direct function of rate of growth. This finding supports the view that calcium absorption is related to the needs of the organism at the time. Duodenal calcium transport, which was reduced in slowly growing rats, both undernourished and not undernourished, could be stimulated with small amounts of 1,25-DHCC but not with large amounts of cholecalciferol or 25-HCC. These findings may suggest that the growth rate of the body has a bearing on the production of and or metabolism of 1,25-DHCC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02008237
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing growth of embryonic axes from dormant seeds of hazel (Corylus avellana L.) (1978)
    Springer
    Planta 138 (1978), S. 189-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; After-ripening ; Chilling ; Corylus ; Embryo ; Growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chilling (after-ripening) of hazel seeds stimulates subsequent growth of excised embryonic axes on sucrose and leads to growth which is less susceptible to inhibition by abscisic acid. Chilling also obviates the need for inorganic salts in the culture medium. Axes from dormant seeds grow normally when only one-third of a cotyledon is left attached.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391178
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of [3H]gibberellin A1 with a sub-cellular fraction from lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) hypocotyls (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1979), S. 264-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Gibberellin ; Growth ; Lactuca ; Protein-synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between protein synthesis and the incorporation of [3H]gibberellin A1 ([3H]GA1) into a 2,000xg pelletable (2KP) fraction from lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) hypocotyl sections has been investigated. Concentrations of D-2-(4-methyl-2,6-dinitroanilino)-N-methylpropionamide (MDMP) between 10-7 M and 10-4 M caused increasing inhibition of growth, 2KP labelling and incorporation of [14C]leucine into soluble protein. Growth and 2KP radioactivity were highly correlated (r=0.996). Transfer to MDMP early or late in the course of GA response caused reductions in both growth and incorporation into the 2KP fraction. Exposure to the inhibitor had more effect at 4 h than at 20 h. The proportions of alkali-soluble and insoluble radioactivity in the 2KP fraction were also altered by this treatment. The implications of these findings are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388749
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A machine for determining root length (1979)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 52 (1979), S. 69-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Roots ; Growth ; Measurement ; Root length ; Electronics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A machine for determining the root length of a sample is described. The machine is basically an opto-electronic scanner. Root segments are cut and placed in water on a glass plate (375×375 mm). The interruption of a light beam moving across the root sample is detected by a photo-diode and the total root length computed. Using this machine a root sample can be measured in less than 3 minutes. Detailed calibration was only conducted up to 50 m although samples as large as several hundred metres can be measured using this machine. The machine has a high degree of accuracy comparable with or better than other reported methods for determining root length.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02197733
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nodulation, nitrogen fixation, leaf area, and sugars content inLablab purpureus as affected by sulfur nutrition (1979)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 53 (1979), S. 319-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Dolichos ; Growth ; Greenhouse ; Lablab ; Leaf area ; Nitrogen fixation ; Nodulation ; Sand culture ; Sugars ; Sulfur
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In order to explore interrelations between S nutrition, soluble sugars, leaf area, nodulation and N2 fixation, greenhouse experiments were done with several levels of S added to perlite-sand cultures or to a moderately S-deficient soil. Sulfur had indirect effects on nodulation and N2 fixation, possibly by improving sugars supply and N metabolism. In perlite-sand culture, leaf area increased with concentrations of supplied S up to 50 and 200 μM for symbiotic and N-treated plants respectively, then decreased at higher concentrations. Plant yield and total sugars content (mg per plant) for the N-treated plants behaved similar to leaf area in response to added S but in the symbiotic plants maximum values were obtained at 100 μM S. In soil, Mo had no effect on growth but interacted significantly with S in affecting total sugars content. High levels of S depressed sugars content at low Mo but raised it at high Mo. Sulfur increased the N content of soil-grown plants. It increased the N content of plants grown in perlite-sand culture except at very high levels of S. There was little effect on concentration of N in the shoots. Nitrogen content correlated significantly with leaf area and sugar content, and highly significantly with S concentration in the shoots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277866
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The estimation of root length in samples and sub-samples (1979)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 52 (1979), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Roots ; Growth ; Measurement ; Root length ; Electronics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Methods for estimating the root length in a sample using the line intersect principle were compared. One method involved visual techniques and used simple equipment. Another method introduced a new machine designed to estimate root length automatically. Either method had a high degree of accuracy, comparable with or better than other reported methods. Furthermore, the methods were tested over a wide range of root lengths up to 50 m. Even larger samples could be estimated using a reliable sub-sampling technique. The development of the root machine enabled the estimation of root length to become a simple laboratory routine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02197734
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nodulation and growth ofLablab purpureus (Dolichos lablab) in relation to rhizobium strain, liming and phosphorus (1979)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 53 (1979), S. 329-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Dolichos ; Greenhouse ; Growth ; Lablab ; Lime ; Nodulation ; Phosphorus requirement ; Rhizobium strain ; Soil acidity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Greenhouse experiments were done with two purposes: (1) to identify strains of rhizobia effective and acid-tolerant in symbiosis withLablab purpureus, and (2) to determine whether soil acidity or the symbiotic condition increased the phosphate requirement for growth. Five rhizobial strains were tested in one neutral soil, two acid soils, and the two acid soils limed to pH 6.6. In the neutral and limed soils, three of the strains were effective (CB1024, CB756, TAL169), but only two strains (CB756, TAL169) remained effective in acid soil. Strain CB756 and plus-N treatments were further compared in a factorial trial involving combinations of five levels of P with lime, no lime and CaCl2 treatments, applied to an acid soil. Some of the treatments were also applied to plants inoculated with CB1024. Between the N-fertilized and CB756 treatments there was no clear difference in growth response to applied P, and the critical internal concentration of P for 95% of maximal growth was the same (0.22% shoot dry weight). Increasing P beyond levels needed for maximal growth increased nodulation and N concentration in plants inoculated with CB756. It lowered N concentration in N-fertilized plants. There was evidence suggesting that the P requirement of symbiotic plants increased if the soil was acid, or if CB756 were replaced by CB1024 as microsymbiont; but the critical statistical interactions were not significant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277867
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demographic characteristics of an intertidal bay goby (Lepidogobius lepidus) (1979)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 4 (1979), S. 207-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Gobiidae ; Mudflat ; Estuarine ; California ; Age ; Growth ; Mortality ; Reproduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis In a fourteen month study (May 1976 – June 1977) I examined the following characteristics of an intertidal bay goby (Lepidogobius lepidus) in Morro Bay, California, U.S.A.: annual and seasonal patterns of abundance, age composition and growth rates, survivorship and mortality patterns, and the reproductive cycle for female gobies. Fishes were collected with the aid of quinaldine and otoliths and ovaries removed. Age and growth rates were estimated from otolith annuli using a back calculation formula and a Brody-Bertalanffy growth curve. Mortality rates were derived using the methods of Heincke (1913), Robson & Chapman (1960), mean age, and a catch curve (Ricker 1975). A gonad index was used to describe the annual reproductive cycle. Results indicated that abundance fluctuated seasonally and that these fluctuations appeared to be caused by reproductive emigrations. Bay gobies reached an age of 7+ and a standard length of 87 mm. Growth was relatively constant (6 mm yr−1) until age 5, at which point it began to decline. The mean rates of survivorship, mortality, and instantaneous mortality were 0.75, 0.25, and 0.29 respectively. Mortality rates for individual age classes ranged from 0.13 to 0.51 and increased with age. This stock appears to reproduce mainly during the winter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005479
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