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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optically pumped cw CH2DOH fir laser: New lines and frequency measurements (1980)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 1 (1980), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: CH2DOH ; CO2 laser ; FIR laser ; laser frequency measurement ; new laser lines ; relative intensity ; relative polarization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have measured the output powers and relative polarizations of 66 cw FIR laser lines from CH2DOH (including 50 not previously reported), which were optically pumped by a CO2 laser. The frequencies of 43 of these lines were measured relative to stabilized CO2 lasers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01007071
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequencies and wavelengths from a new, efficient FIR lasing gas: CD2F2 (1981)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 2 (1981), S. 705-711 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: CD2F2 ; laser frequency measurement ; FIR laser ; new laser lines ; CO2 laser ; wavelengths ; relative polarization ; relative power
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report for the first time wavelength, relative polarization, and frequency measurements for 47 new cw FIR laser lines in the wavelength region from 120 to 1714 μm, all obtained by optically pumping CD2F2 with a CO2 laser. Relative output powers were also measured. For comparison, the 189.8 μm line pumped by RI(34) is nearly five times as efficient as the 118.8 μm methyl alcohol line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01007273
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequency measurements of far infrared cw lasing lines in optically pumped CHCl2F (1983)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 4 (1983), S. 401-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: CHCl2F ; laser frequency measurement ; FIR laser ; new laser lines ; CO2 laser ; wavelengths ; relative polarization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The wavelengths, frequencies, and relative polarizations of 15 FIR cw lasing lines obtained by optically pumping CHCl2F with a cw CO2 laser have been measured. The lines are in the wavelength range from 340.3 to 905.4 μm and were pumped by P- and R-branch laser lines in the 9 μm band of CO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01009169
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
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    Delineating mid- and low-level water vapor patterns in pre-convective environments using VAS moisture channels (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Infrared and visible imagery from VAS are used to delineate mid- and lower-tropospheric moisture fields for a variety of severe storm cases in the southern and central United States. The ability of sequences of images to isolate areas of large negative vertical moisture gradients and apparent convective instability prior to the onset of convective storms is assessed. A variety of image combination procedures are used to deduce the stability fields which are then compared with the available radiosonde data. The results for several severe storm cases indicate that VAS can detect mid- and low-level mesoscale water vapor fields as distinct radiometric signals. The VAS imagery shows a strong tendency for thunderstorms to develop along the edges of bands of midlevel dryness as they overtake either preexisting or developing low-level moisture maxima. Image sequences depict the speed with which deep moist and dry layers can develop and move.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Monthly Weather Review (ISSN 0027-0644); 112; 2178-219
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Use of the VAS for analysis of a prethunderstorm environment (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The information content of the VAS radiances can be converted to meteorological parameters useful for analyzing a severe weather environment. The method by which the VAS variances are converted to vertical profiles of temperature, dewpoints, and equivalent potential temperature involves a basic regression technique using the most local radiosonde data available for establishing a correlation matrix. The results indicate that mesoscale features apparent within images of the radiances can be converted to usable temperature and moisture fields using regression when surface temperature and dewpoint observations are included within the total data base. In addition, results indicate that surface data are very important for better defining lower tropospheric structure that the VAS radiances alone cannot properly resolve. Analyses of these retrievals distinctly show mesoscale structure in the temperature and moisture fields derived with VAS radiances collected every 3 hours, and 0000 GMT. The retrievals capture the moisture structure. More important, convective instability is clearly detected immediately before the onset of convection. The results indicate that the VAS is capable of providing valuable mesoscale information suitable for analyzing a preconvective environment that is generally clear.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: VISSR Atmospheric Sounder (VAS) Res. Rev.; p 9
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Diagnosing convective instability using VAS data (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The utility of combining visible and various infrared images from the VAS to produce a forecasting tool, that can be available on a near real time basis, to predict severe weather development is shown. Areas where dry air in the midtroposphere overlays substantial moisture at low levels are used to diagnose mesoscale regions that have the potential for being convectively unstable before the onset of severe convection. Specifically, 6.7 micron water vapor imagery, used for isolating regions of substantial midlevel dryness, are combined with images of low level clouds or with split-window low level moisture images to delineate regions that have the potential for convective instability. In areas where scattered low level clouds are present, computer generated, color image combinations are used to isolate those warm, low level clouds that are in potential convectively unstable environments from clouds that exist under a deeply moist atmosphere. In clear regions, the split window technique is used for delineating areas of substantial boundary layer moisture. These images are again computer overlayed by the midlevel dryness to produce a color coded image of potential convective instability.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: VISSR Atmospheric Sounder (VAS) Res. Rev.; p 7
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Advective forecasts of VAS imagery for use in anticipating convective destabilization (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Wind field forecasts, based on data from the Visible Atmospheric Sounder (VAS) instrument on board the most recent GOES satellite, are described. The forecasts were used to generate a series of water vapor images for the Central U.S. according to an isentropic prediction scheme. The ability of VAS imagery to detect regions of mesoscale convective instability was contrasted with data from a 9-12 hr advective forecast and the results are discussed. It is shown that the VAS imagery was free from masking by convective outflows and lends itself to repeated applications for updating throughout the day. The incorporation of surface data into the VAS forecast is recommended in order to identify areas of persistent moisture convergence. Some examples of the VAS imagery are provided.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Spectral scales in the atmospheric boundary layer (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Wind data taken from 10 levels between 18 and 305 m were examined to determine the properties of atmospheric turbulence within and above the atmospheric surface layer into the PBL. The samples were averaged over 40 min intervals, with all periods of rain, fog, and other disturbances being eliminated from the 16 days of monitoring. Turbulence spectra were calculated using a fast Fourier transformation. The tower was located in rolling terrain covered with pine forests, waist-high scrub, and cultivated fields. Results are presented for the wavelength and Eulerian length scales, considering the neutral, stable, and unstable PBL. Correlation coefficients were found between velocity fluctuations and wavelengths for the stability classes. Good agreements were found for measured and computed spectra in all but unstable conditions.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Applied Meteorology; 21; Nov. 198
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    The Presidents' Day cyclone of 18-19 February 1979 - Synoptic overview and analysis of the subtropical jet streak influencing the pre-cyclogenetic period (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A detailed examination is undertaken of the subtropical jet (STJ) streak revealed by an analysis of the Presidents' Day cyclone of February 18-19, 1979. During its 24 h period, the STJ's flow became increasingly supergeostrophic and apparently unbalanced, while ageostrophic wind speeds increased to more than 30 m/sec in association with a significant cross-contour component, directed toward lower values of the Montgomery streamfunction, as the flow along the STJ became more divergent with time. These phenomena are linked to the increasing confluence in the entrance region of the jet streak and the decreasing wavelength of the trough-ridge system in which the jet streak was embedded. The upper level divergence and upward vertical motion near the axis of the STJ are found to be important factors in the development of the cyclone's first area of heavy snow.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Monthly Weather Review (ISSN 0027-0644); 112; 31-55
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    A simple Lagrangian forecast system with aviation forecast potential (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A trajectory forecast procedure is developed which uses geopotential tendency fields obtained from a simple, multiple layer, potential vorticity conservative isentropic model. This model can objectively account for short-term advective changes in the mass field when combined with fine-scale initial analyses. This procedure for producing short-term, upper-tropospheric trajectory forecasts employs a combination of a detailed objective analysis technique, an efficient mass advection model, and a diagnostically proven trajectory algorithm, none of which require extensive computer resources. Results of initial tests are presented, which indicate an exceptionally good agreement for trajectory paths entering the jet stream and passing through an intensifying trough. It is concluded that this technique not only has potential for aiding in route determination, fuel use estimation, and clear air turbulence detection, but also provides an example of the types of short range forecasting procedures which can be applied at local forecast centers using simple algorithms and a minimum of computer resources.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Conference on Aerospace and Aeronautical Meteorology; Jun 06, 1983 - Jun 09, 1983; Omaha, NE
    Format: text
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