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  • GEOPHYSICS  (15)
  • Earth Resources and Remote Sensing; Geophysics
  • 1980-1984  (15)
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  • 1
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    Average ozone profiles for 1979 from the Nimbus 7 SBUV instrument (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Monthly average ozone profiles from the first year of operation of the solar backscattered ultraviolet (SBUV) instrument on the Nimbus 7 satellite (November 1978 through October 1979) are tabulated for 10 deg latitude bands from 80 deg S to 80 deg N. For each month and latitude zone layer ozone amounts, standard deviations for 12 Umkehr layers (approximately 0-60 km), and the average total ozone for each zone are listed. The ozone mixing ratio and number density at the center of each layer are also given. It is found that the average SBUV profiles agree with average Umkehr profiles measured at Boulder to within 10 percent over most of the range. The Krueger-Minizner model is found to be a good representative ozone model for 45 deg N, agreeing with an annual average of measured profiles to better than 10 percent between 20 and 60 km.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 5199-521
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Intercomparison of NIMBUS 7 solar backscattered ultraviolet ozone profiles with rocket, balloon, and Umkehr profiles (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A global ozone data set covering the two years from November 1978 until October 1980, with an average of 1200 profiles per day, has been produced and archived from the solar backscattered ultraviolet (SBUV) instrument flown on the NIMBUS 7 spacecraft. The SBUV ozone profiles are compared with measurements from chemical and optical sensors launched on balloons and rockets and with ozone profiles obtained from the ground-based Dobson spectrophotometers using the Umkehr method. The biases between the SBUV results and the balloon and Umkehr results are generally less than 10 percent. These biases are functions of layer height and latitude and are believed to be largely due to inconsistencies in the ozone absorption cross sections used for the various measurement systems. The precision of the SBUV measurements is found to be better than 8 percent for pressures between 1 and 64 mbar and better than 15 percent from 64 to 253 mbar.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 5227-523
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Intercomparison of the Nimbus 7 SBUV/TOMS total ozone data sets with Dobson and M83 results (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Two years of SBUV/TOMS (Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet/Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) data spanning the period November 1978 to October 1980 have been processed and compared with ground-based ozone measurements made at 62 Dobson spectrophotometer and 18 M83 filter photometer ozone stations. Results show that the satellite ozone values are consistently smaller than those measured by the stations; most of this difference is probably due to an error in the currently accepted ozone absorption cross sections at ultraviolet wavelengths. Dobson-derived ozone amounts agree extremely well with those derived from each of the satellite instruments. Long-term stability of the ozone derived by the two instruments is expected to be better than 0.5 percent per year.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 5239-524
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  • 4
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    Standard ozone profiles from balloon and satellite data sets (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Standard profiles based on upper level averaged profiles from BUV and lower level averaged profiles from balloon measurements are presented in a parametric representation as a function of time of year and latitude. The representation is a simple 4-parameter function representing the ozone amount (m-atm-cm) in each of 12 atmospheric layers defined following the standard Umkehr convention. The same parameterization is applied to the Nimbus-7 SBUV data and is compared to the BUV/balloon parameterization. The ozone variance unaccounted for by the representation is presented and discussed. The season-latitude representation reduces considerably the ozone variance at all levels and explains much of the correlation between layers. This simple representation and corresponding covariance matrix have been used as a priori information in the ozone vertical profile inversion of the Nimbus-7 SBUV experimental measurements.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology (ISSN 0733-3021); 22; 2012-202
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  • 5
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    Global pictures of the ozone field from high altitudes from DE-I (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Detailed synoptic views of the column ozone field can be obtained by the Spin-Scan Ozone Imager (SOI) (Keating et al., 1981) aboard the Dynamics Explorer I satellite. The eccentric polar orbit with an apogee altitude of 23,000 km allows high resolution global-scale images to be obtained within 12 minutes, and allows regions to be viewed for long periods of time. At perigee, a pixel size of nadir measurements of 3 km is possible, and measurements are determined using the backscattered ultraviolet technique. A wavelength measurement of 317.5 nm is used as there are limitations in filter locations and it allows comparison with Nimbus 7 SBUV/TOMS data. Consideration of the reflectivities of this data aids in checking the SOI data reduction algorithm. SOI data show short-term (less than one day) variations in the observed ozone field, and a negative correlation (greater than 0.9) between ozone and tropopause heights. It is expected, due to this correlation, that SOI data will aid in understanding the time evolution of dynamics near the tropopause.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Plenary Meeting; May 17, 1982 - Jun 03, 1982; Ottawa; Canada
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  • 6
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    Characteristics of space and ground based total ozone observing systems investigated by intercomparison of Nimbus 4 Backscattered Ultraviolet /BUV/ data with Dobson and M-83 results (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Nimbus 4 Backscattered Ultraviolet (BUV) experiment data has been reprocessed to provide a near global data set covering the seven years from 1970 to 1977. The data set is the result of a three year effort by the Ozone Processing Team which included review and correction of the spacecraft ephemeris, instrument calibration, and processing algorithms. The accuracy of the resulting total ozone determinations compares well with that of ground based data. An important application of the global BUV data set is to use it in determining long term trends in global total ozone. However, in order to identify long term trends in ozone, it is necessary to eliminate first long-term drift in the instrument calibration. A follow on experiment, the Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet/Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer, (SBUV/TOMS), was flown on Nimbus 7 launched in October 1978. The SBUV provides information about both total ozone and vertical ozone profiles for a 200 km square field of view.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: In: Quadrennial International Ozone Symposium; Aug 04, 1980 - Aug 09, 1980; Boulder, CO
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Role of multiple scattering in ozone profile retrieval from satellite measurements in the ultraviolet (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The retrieval of the ozone profile from satellite ultraviolet measurements can be extended to greater depths when multiple scattering is taken into account. The sensitivity of the multiple-scattered wavelength radiances to geophysical variables are discussed and results of profile inversions of Nimbus 4 backscatter ultraviolet data for coincident ground-truth measurements with and without multiple scattering are presented.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Interactive Workshop on Interpretation of Remotely Sensed Data; May 23, 1979 - May 25, 1979; Williamsburg, VA
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  • 8
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    Vertical ozone profile results from the Nimbus-4 BUV data (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A seven year data set which consists of both total ozone and ozone vertical profiles has been derived from the Nimbus-4 Backscatter Ultraviolet (BUV) experiment. The BUV experiment measures the earth's backscattered solar radiance at 12 wavelengths in the Hartley-Huggins band. The shortest 8 bands are used to determine the vertical ozone profile. The longest four bands are used to determine the total ozone. The present investigation provides a review of the major characteristics of the instrument performance and ozone results during the seven year period of the data set. Attention is given to the data coverage in time and space, the major areas of nonhomogeneous coverage, adjustments made to the basic instrument radiances, long-term trends in the radiances, rocket and balloon measurements, and problems associated with the validation of the satellite data set.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Atmospheric Radiation; Jun 16, 1981 - Jun 18, 1981; Toronto; Canada
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  • 9
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    Ozone climatology series. Volume 1: Atlas of total ozone, April 1970 - December 1976 (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Contours and gridded values are given for seven years of monthly mean total ozone data derived from observations with the Backscattered Ultraviolet instrument on Nimbus-4 for the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The instrument, algorithm, uncertainties in derived ozone and systematic changes in the bias with respect to the international groundbased ozone network of Dobson instruments, are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-RP-1098 , NAS 1.61:1098 , REPT-82F0128-VOL-1
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Observation of El Chichon volcanic aerosols by the solar backscattered ultraviolet (SBUV) experiment (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Experiment (SBUV) aboard the Nimbus-7 satellite identified large amounts of SO2 in the tropical stratosphere on April 15, 1982, 11 days after major eruption of the El Chichon volcano in southern Mexico. It is shown in the present study that the backscattered ultraviolet radiances measured by the SBUV experiment have been strongly affected by the presence of stratospheric volcanic cloud from the El Chichon eruptions. Both SO2 and aerosol amounts present in the volcanic cloud have been mapped on the basis of an analysis of the radiances measured by the SBUV and TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) experiments. It is estimated that a volcanic cloud of optical depths as small as 0.03 can be detected using SBUV, provided the cloud reaches the middle atmosphere. Lower-altitude clouds have progressively smaller effects on the radiances as well as on the ozone profile derived from them and are therefore harder to detect.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Conference on Atmospheric Radiation; Oct 31, 1983 - Nov 04, 1983; Baltimore, MD
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