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  • Chemistry  (217)
  • Animals  (56)
  • SPACE RADIATION  (29)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (24)
  • 1980-1984  (301)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vibrational spectroscopic study of poly(ethylene terephthalate) crystallized by annealing in the oriented state (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Poly(ethylene terephthalate) filament yarn has been annealed in nitrogen atmosphere, in silicone oil, or in nonreacting organic solvents. Morphological changes resulting from the annealing processes have been followed by Raman spectroscopy. Crystallinity, as evidenced by the width of the 1730 cm-1 carbonyl stretching vibration, is shown to affect the macroscopic properties of these filaments. Furthermore, these spectroscopic results, together with shrinkage measured, suggest that the shrinkage and the crystallization processes in the polymer fiber proceed at different rates in different fluid media.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260121
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  • 2
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    Sodium appetite in sheep induced by cerebral ventricular infusion of angiotensin: comparison with sodium deficiency (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-09
    Description: Intraventricular administration of supraphysiological amounts of renin, nerve growth factor preparation, or angiotensin II greatly increased the consumption of water and hypertonic sodium bicarbonate solution by sheep. These effects were antagonized by intraventricular administration of drugs that prevent the formation of angiotensin II or block its receptors. The fact that these angiotensin-blocking drugs did not change the sodium intake of sodium-deficient sheep challenges the idea that central angiotensin action is involved in sodium appetite due to a deficiency.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coghlan, J P -- Considine, P J -- Denton, D A -- Fei, D T -- Leksell, L G -- McKinley, M J -- Muller, A F -- Tarjan, E -- Weisinger, R S -- Bradshaw, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 9;214(4517):195-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6169149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiotensin II/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Appetite/*drug effects ; Drinking Behavior/drug effects ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Nerve Growth Factors/pharmacology ; Renin/pharmacology ; Saralasin/pharmacology ; Sheep ; Sodium/deficiency/*metabolism ; Teprotide/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation of bovine and bacterial catalases by sodium n-dodecyl sulfate (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 21 (1982), S. 1435-1450 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dissociation of beef liver and bacterial (Micrococcus lysodeikticus) catalases by the action of sodium n-dodecyl sulfate (SDS) has been investigated as a function of SDS concetration and time by ultracentrifugation. The rate of dissociation of beef liver catalase is found to be much faster than that for bacterial catalase in 25 mM SDS at pH 7.0. Beef liver catalase is dissociated into its four subunits after 24 h, whereas bacterial catalase is not completely dissociated after 36 days of incubation. The binding of SDS to beef liver catalase obeys a Hill equation with a cooperativity exponent of 2.0 and a binding constant of 440. The initial interaction of SDS with beef liver catalase can be detected by microcalorimetry, whereas the mixing of SDS with bacterial catalase is athermal. Bacterial catalase retains enzymic activity in the presence of SDS, whereas beef liver catalase is completely deactivated at SDS concentrations above 5 mM. Beef liver catalase is more sensitive to acid denaturation than bacterial catalase, and the rate of dissociation for both catalases is sixth-order in proton concentration. Comparison of the amino acid analysis of the two catalases shows that bacterial catalase has a smaller number of lysyl residues and a larger number of glutamyl residues than beef liver catalase. Taken together these structural differences could lead to a reduced affinity of bacterial catalase for the binding of SDS as observed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360210712
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aging and performance of structural film adhesives. II. Comparison of two nitrile-epoxy systems (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 28 (1983), S. 283-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The room-temperature aging of two nitrile rubber-epoxy adhesives has been examined. Both are 121°C curing systems, based on DGEBA-type epoxy resins, one of which has been available for about 15 years while the other is a more recent development. It has been found that hydrolysis of the epoxide and polymerization both occur slowly, reducing the epoxide content and solubility. A major reduction in honeycomb peel strength of joints made with aged material was evident in the older system and to a lesser extent in the newer adhesive. This is a result of diminished adhesive flow. Tensile strength was less affected by aging.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1983.070280124
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fungal treatment of mechanical pulps - its effect on paper properties (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 2063-2076 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Refiner mechanical pulp was biologically treated with several higher fungi in order to test their potential for increasing the strength of paper. It was among the white-rot fungi that the best results were obtained. Polyporus versicolor gave the best overall improvement in handsheet properties with no reduction in tear. The strength improvement is due to attack on lignin and to an increase in fiber flexibility as measured by water retention values and by acidic group content of the treated pulps. The brown-rot fungi had a detrimental effect on paper properties.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260240913
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous conversion of D-xylose to ethanol by immobilized pachysolen tannophilusPresented at the meeting of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Orlando, Florida. February 28-March 3, 1982 (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 2241-2251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The yeast Pachysolen tannophilus was entrapped in calcium alginate beads to ferment D-xylose on a continous basis in the presence of high cell densities. Experimental operating variables included the feed D-xylose concentration, the dilution rate, and the fermentor biomass concentration. Under favorable operating conditions, cultures retained at least 50% of their initial productivity after 26 days of operation. The specific ehanol production rate was dependent on the substrate level in the fermentor, passing through an optimum when the D-xylose concentration was between 28 and 35 g/L. Consequently, reactor productivity increased with dilution rate and feed D-xylose concentration until a maximum was reached. The ethanol content of the effluent always decreased with increasing dilution rate, but excessive dilution rates diminished the ethanol content without increasing productivity. Unlike production rate, ethanol yield declined monotonically from 0.35 g/g as the fermentor substrate concentration increased. The yield was 69% of that theoretically possible when the D-xylose concentration was near zero, as opposed to 42% when it was in the range supporting the optimum specific rate of ethanol production. As long as D-xylose was supplied to cells faster than they could consume it, productivity increased with the mass of cells immobilized. The effectiveness factor associated with the calcium alginte beads used in this system was 0.4, indicating that only 40% of the entrapped biomass was effective in converting D-xylose to ethanol because of diffusion limitations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260241010
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellulose hydrolysis by the cellulases produced by Talaromyces emersonii when grown on different inducing substrates (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 1169-1173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260250423
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sugar cane bagasse as a possible source of fermentable carbohydrates. I. Characterization of bagasse with regard to monosaccharide, hemicellulose, and amino acid composition (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 26 (1984), S. 1071-1078 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Individual monosaccharides present in bagasse hemicellulose were determined using HPLC and other chromatographic procedures. The presence of higher oligomers of the monosaccharides could also be determined. No single procedure can separate and identify all the naturally occurring monosaccharides. The pentosan fraction of bagasse wa successfully hydrolyzed and extracted with 5% (m/v)HCl, and the rate of release of individual monosaccharides was determined. Xylose was the main component in the hydrolyzates, while glucose, arabinose, and galactose present in the side chains of the pentosans were initially released at a fast rate. This treatment resulted in obtaining 229 mg/g xylose (85% of theoretical maximum) and 44 mg/g glucose from bagasse. Only arabinose (2.8 mg/g) and galactose (0.75 mg/g) was also present in detectable quantities. A total of 309 mg monosaccharides were obtained from 1 g of bagasse by this treatment. The results indicated that hydrolysis conditions for specific plant materials depend on the composition of the specific material being utilized. A part of the pentosan fraction (77.1%) was hydrolyzed at a high rate, while 22.9% was more stable and hydrolyzed more slowly. Although 39.8% dry bagasse could be obtained in solution by treatment with dilute alkali, only about 72% of the available hemicelluloses could be extracted in this way if the bagasse was not delignified beforehand. Amino acids and peptides or proteins were also extracted to very much the same with the alkali.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260909
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conversion of D-xylose to ethanol by the yeast Pachysolen tannophilus (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 371-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The yeast Pachysolen tannophilus was found to be capable of converting D-xylose to ethanol. Batch cultures initially containing 50 g/L D-xylose yielded 0.34 g of ethanol per gram of pentose consumed. Aerobic conditions were required for cell growth but not for ethanol production. Both alcohol formation and growth were optimum when incubation temperature was 32°C, when pH was near 2.5, and when D-xylose and ethanol concentrations did not exceed 50 and 20 g/L, respectively.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260240210
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymic saccharification of sugar beet pulp (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 26 (1984), S. 714-718 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Culture filtrates of Talaromyces emersonii UCG 208 grown on beet pulp can convert the polysaccharide components of this agricultural waste to soluble sugars. The saccharification process is facilitated if the pulp is milled or incubated with alkali or peracetic acid before addition of enzyme. However, treatment of unmilled pulp with commercial pectinase prior to incubation with Talaromyces filtrate is also very effective; under suitable conditions, complete hydrolysis of total polysaccharides has been achieved.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260713
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