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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1981), S. 337-342 
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The new technique of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry has been applied to bradykinin, lysyl-bradykinin and methionyl-lysyl-bradykinin. High sensitivity was obtained at [M + H]+ in the positive ion spectra with a comparable response at [M - H]- in the opposite polarity. All spectra contained an abundance of structurally significant fragment ions. Schemes for relating the observed fragments to the known amino acid sequences are reported for all three molecules. Mass spectrometric investigations on bradykinin were followed by quantitative bioassays which showed that atom bombardment for ten minutes had no measurable effect on the biological activity of microgram samples.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1981), S. 492-495 
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment, a new method of ionizing molecules for mass spectrometry, has been found to be particularly applicable to molecules of an involatile nature. The mass spectra of vitamin B12 and related cobalamines are reported together with the mass spectrum of the coenzyme of vitamin B12. Fully resolved spectra, containing both molecular species and structurally significant fragmentation are reported for the first time.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 12 (1984), S. 55-62 
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Keywords: Carotid stenosis ; Bruit analysis ; Sound spectral analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Bruit analysis (phonoangiography) has been performed for many years as a method of characterizing arterial disease. Time displays of arterial bruits, particularly at the carotid bifurcation, have been used in an attempt to quantitate arterial narrowing. Despite the generalization that longer bruits and bruits which look and sound higher in frequency are often associated with severe disease, prospective studies have shown no useful predictive value for qualitative phonoangiography. In marked contrast, spectral bruit analysis or quantitative phonoangiography has been quite accurate in predicting the location and extent of carotid stenosis, and in distinguishing intrinsic from transmitted bruits. With this method, the peak systolic portion of the bruit is subjected to fast Fourier transform analysis. The peak frequency, beyond which amplitude drops as frequency increases further, is directly related to the residual lumen diameter of the stenotic common or internal carotid artery. Several blinded trials of this method have given results accurate to within 1 mm of angiographic values in 83–93% of cases studied. When used in conjunction with duplex doppler ultrasound scanning, 95% accuracy in diagnosis of patients with and without bruits may be achieved. This completely noninvasive method deserves more widespread use and may also be applicable to other cardiovascular sounds.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment mass spectra of a range of involatile mono and disazo sulphonated dyestuffs are presented. Excellent spectra are obtained for dyestuffs containing up to five sulphonate groups. The fragmentations are discussed with special reference to the ions formed by cleavage of the azo linkage. The negative ion spectra are shown to be superior to those obtained in the positive ion mode.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aerosols of 1.5% aqueous solutions of glycine, glucose and tartaric acid were introduced into an atmospheric pressure inductively coupled plasma that served as the ion source of a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Protonated water cluster ions were the major ions observed during nebulization of deionized water. Protonated molecular ions were observed at count rates in the range 1000-10000 counts s-1. Detection limits for [MH]+ ions of glycine, glucose and tartaric acid were 100, 2000 and 160 μg ml-1, respectively. Numerous fragment ions of the above compounds were observed. Both the number of fragment peaks and their count rates decreased as the forward power supplied to the plasma increased.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast Atom Bombardment mass spectra of a range of involatile naphthalene sulphonic acids and sulphonates are presented. Excellent spectra are obtained for the mono-, di- and the previously unexamined trisulphonated compounds. The relative value of positive and negative ion spectra for the study of these species is discussed. The results are shown to be superior to those obtained by other mass spectrometric methods.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment mass spectra of a range of involatile monophosphonated and mixed sulphonated/monophosphonated azo dyestuffs are presented. Good spectra are obtained and the fragmentations are discussed with special reference to the ions formed by cleavage of the azo linkage. The negative ion spectra are shown to be superior in terms of signal to background and structural information to those obtained in the positive ion mode. The results are compared with those obtained from sulphonated azo dyestuffs.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 16 (1981), S. 256-260 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment of solids is presented as the basis of a new ion source for mass spectrometry. This novel technique is particularly useful for obtaining mass spectra from involatile and thermally labile materials. The ion source produces both positive and negative ions with equal facility, and examples of both are presented for two underivatized tripeptides. The normal second field free region metastables are observed in a double focusing mass spectrometer and comprehensive metastable pathways have been traced using Barber-Elliott (V-scan) techniques.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1982), S. 310-314 
    ISSN: 0306-042X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to determine the role of lactic acid as a metabolic substrate during exercise, the extent of its oxidation was studied using (13C)lactate under three different metabolic conditions in two subjects. During rest, easy exercise (work below the lactate inflection point), and hard exercise (work above the lactate inflection point), 100 mg of Na+-D,L(+)-2,3-(13C)lactate was injected via an indwelling catheter inserted in an antecubital vein. Blood as well as expired gas samples were collected up to 2 h post-injection. Subjects worked at average intensities of 53% and 74% VO2max during easy and hard exercise, respectively. During rest and easy exercise, blood lactate concentrations remained stable at 1-2 mM. During hard exercise, blood lactate increased to 3-4 times those observed at rest. Excretion of 13CO2 peaked much sooner and enrichment of 13C in CO2 was greater during both exercise intensities than during rest. Cumulative recovery of injected 13C as 13CO2 averaged 13.2 and 86.2% through 120 min during rest and easy exercise. Through 45 min of hard exercise, recovery of tracer as CO2 was the same as during a similar time point of easy exercise, 51.8%. The results support the contention that oxidation is the major fate of lactate during exercise.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 10 (1983), S. 107-112 
    ISSN: 0306-042X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Discrete aqueous solution volumes were nebulized and introduced into an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) operated at atmospheric pressure. Metallic elements in the injected sample were atomized and ionized to yield a pulse of sample ions lasting approximately 20 s. A fraction of these sample ions was extracted into a vacuum system where the ions were m/z resolved and detected. Pulse counting and signal averaging techniques were used to determine isotope ratios for Mg and Ni present at 2-40 mg I-1 in solution volumes of 50-200 μl. The precision of these isotope ratio determinations was ± 1-3%. This ionization method is potentially valuable for determining metal isotope ratios in solution samples at high sample throughput rates, e.g. one sample every 3-4 min.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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