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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (737)
  • ASTROPHYSICS  (589)
  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION  (379)
  • 1980-1984  (1,705)
Collection
Keywords
Years
Year
  • 11
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    Plasma ion-induced molecular ejection on the Galilean satellites - Energies of ejected molecules (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: First measurements of the energy of ejection of molecules from icy surfaces by fast incident ions are presented. Such results are needed in discussions of the Jovian and Saturnian plasma interactions with the icy satellites. In this letter parameters describing the ion-induced ejection and redistribution of molecules on the Galilean satellites are recalculated in light of the new laboratory data.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 10; Sept
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 12
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    Measurements of plasma, plasma waves, and suprathermal charged particles in Saturn's inner magnetosphere (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The Pioneer 11 and Voyager 1, 2 traversals of Saturn's inner magnetosphere provided direct information on the complex and highly structured distributions of plasma and suprathermal charged particles present in this region. The Voyager wave intruments also yielded absolute electron density measurements in certain inner magnetosphere locations; the wave data were used to evaluate the magnitudes of several wave-particle interactions. The plasma and wave measurements for 24-hr periods centered around closest approach, are summarized, pitch-angle scattering effects possibly associated wtih measured whistler mode turbulence are evaluated, and the effects of wave-particle interactions associated with electrostatic waves are discussed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 13
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    High-resolution Martian atmosphere modeling (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A multilayer radiative transfer, high-spectral-resolution infrared model of the lower atmosphere of Mars has been constructed to assess the effect of scattering on line profiles. The model takes into accout aerosol scattering and absorption and includes a line-by-line treatment of scattering and absorption by CO2 and H2O. The aerosol complex indices of refraction used were those measured on montmorillonite and basalt chosen on the basis of Mars ir data from the NASA Lear Airborne Observatory. The particle sizes and distribution were estimated using Viking data. The molecular line treatment employs the AFGL line parameters and Voigt profiles. The modeling results indicate that the line profiles are only slightly affected by normal aerosol scattering and absorption, but the effect could be appreciable for heavy loading. The technique described permits a quantitative approach to assessing and correcting for the effect of aerosols on lineshapes in planetary atmospheres.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 41; Jan. 198
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 14
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    Rapid variability of 10-140 keV X-rays from Cygnus X-1 (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: On five occasions in 1977 and 1978, Cygnus X-1 was observed using the low-energy detectors of the UCSD/MIT Hard X-ray and Low-Energy Gamma Ray experiment on the HEAO 1 satellite. Rapid (times between 0.08 and 1000 sec) variability was found in the 10-140 keV band. The power spectrum was white for frequencies between 0.001 and 0.05 Hz and was proportional to the inverse of the frequency for frequencies between 0.05 and 3 Hz, indicating correlations on all time scales less than approximately 20 s. The shape of the energy spectrum was correlated with intensity; it was harder at higher intensity. If the emission is produced by Comptonization of a soft photon flux in a hot cloud, the heating of the cloud cannot be constant; it must vary on time scales up to approximately 20 s. A variable accretion rate could cause the observed effects.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 246
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  • 15
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    Lightning on Venus - Orbiter detection of whistler signals (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Taylor et al. (1979) presented preliminary evidence for lightning on Venus, based on Pioneer Venus orbiter detection of whistler mode signals as the spacecraft first traversed the nightside ionosphere near periapsis. The initial periapsis eclipse season for the orbiter has been completed, and the plasma wave instrument obtained low-altitude nightside data for about 100 orbits. An analysis is presented of the impulsive whistler mode signals measured during these orbits, and the connection with atmospheric lightning is discussed. It is shown that the signals are detected in the 100-Hz channel when the local magnetic field is sufficiently strong and steady and when the field is oriented to point down below the ionosphere.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; Dec. 30
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  • 16
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    A Conceptual Design Study of a High Temperature Solar Thermal Receiver (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A conceptual design was made for a solar thermal receiver capable of operation in the 1095 to 1650 C (2000 to 3000 F) temperature range. This receiver is designed for use with a two-axis paraboloidal concentrator in the 25 to 150 kW sub t power range, and is intended for industrial process heat, Brayton engines, or chemical/fuels reactions. Three concepts were analyzed parametrically. One was selected for conceptual design. Its key feature is a helical coiled tube of sintered silicon nitride which serves as the heat exchanger between the incident solar radiation and the working fluid. A mechanical design of this concept was prepared, and both thermal and stress analysis performed. The analysis showed good performance, low potential cost in mass production, and adaptability to both Brayton cycle engines and chemical/fuels production.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-168925 , JPL-9950-483 , NAS 1.26:168925 , GEEP-66
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 17
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    Voyager photopolarimeter stellar occultation of Saturn's rings (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: On Aug. 25, 1981, the Voyager 2 photopolarimeter system observed a stellar occultation by Saturn's rings. A brief description of this experiment along with details of the data reduction are presented. The occultation results are given in tabular and graphical form at a resolution of 60 km. Histograms of the frequency of optical depth show dominantly unimodal distributions in each of the classical ring elements. The frequency distribution of the entire ring system shows three modes at tau values of about 0.08, 0.5, and more than 2.5.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 88; 8643-864
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  • 18
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    Lunar magnetism (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Aspects of lunar paleomagnetic and electromagnetic sounding results which appear inconsistent with the hypothesis that an ancient core dynamo was the dominant source of the observed crustal magnetism are discussed. Evidence is summarized involving a correlation between observed magnetic anomalies and ejecta blankets from impact events which indicates the possible importance of local mechanisms involving meteoroid impact processes in generating strong magnetic fields at the lunar surface. A reply is given to the latter argument which also presents recent evidence of a lunar iron core.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 307; 661
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 19
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    Reflectance spectroscopy of diogenite meteorite types from Antarctica and their relationship to asteroids (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Measurements of the spectral reflectance (0.4-2.5 microns) of three diogenite meteorites found in Antarctica are examined. Comparisons are made with previous measurements of diogenites in order to correlate the mineralogy and petrography with the spectral characteristics that can also be measured on solar system objects of unknown composition. Even though the Antarctic diogenites have the same spectral characteristics as other diogenites, there are measurable differences between all diogenite spectra. Bands caused by spin-forbidden transitions of Fe(2+) ions in pyroxene, which are identified for the first time in reflectance spectra of powdered samples, are revealed in an analysis of the spectra into sums of Gaussian components. It is shown from these laboratory measurements that spectral reflectance measurements of asteroids and other solar system objects made with the visible CVF (circular variable filter) spectrometer used for laboratory measurements can provide useful information on their surface composition.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: National Institute of Polar Research, Memoirs, Special Issue (ISSN 0386-0744); 25 D
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 20
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    Voyager 2 photopolarimeter observations of Titan (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Observations of Titan's whole-disk polarization at 2460 and 7500 A are presented and analyzed in terms of model scattering atmospheres. If the Titan aerosols are spherical or nearly spherical, no single combination of refractive index and size distribution is able to fit data at both wavelengths. However, a vertically inhomogeneous distribution suggested by Tomasko and Smith (1980), characterized by a size gradient with altitude, fits the data at 2640 A moderately well but must be modified at intermediate and large optical depths to fit the 7500-A data. Results for synthetic phase functions indicate that the single-scattering polarization must be 70 percent or larger in the UV and 78 percent or larger in the near-IR at 90-deg phase angle, depending on the phase function. If the correct phase function is similar to that for 0.5-micron-radius spheres, the UV single-scattered polarization must be 84 percent and the near-IR single-scattered polarization must be over 90 percent. Such large polarizations are impossible for 0.5-micron-radius spheres but may be possible for nonspherical particles with effective radii near 0.5 micron, although the existence of nonspherical particles with the scattering properties required by these and other observations has not been demonstrated.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 88; 8699-870
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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