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  • 1
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    Ultraviolet, X-ray, and infrared observations of HDE 226868 equals Cygnus X-1 (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: During April, May, and July of 1978, HDE 226868, the optical counterpart of Cygnus X-1, was repeatedly observed in the ultraviolet with the IUE satellite. Some X-ray and infrared observations have been made during the same period. The general shape of the spectrum is that expected from a late O supergiant. Strong absorption features are apparent in the ultraviolet, some of which have been identified. The equivalent widths of the most prominent lines appear to be modulated with the orbital phase. This modulation is discussed in terms of the ionization contours calculated by Hatchett and McCray, for a binary X-ray source in the stellar wind of the companion.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 242
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Absolute brightness temperature measurements at 3.5-mm wavelength (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Careful observations have been made at 86.1 GHz to derive the absolute brightness temperatures of the sun (7914 + or - 192 K), Venus (357.5 + or - 13.1 K), Jupiter (179.4 + or - 4.7 K), and Saturn (153.4 + or - 4.8 K) with a standard error of about three percent. This is a significant improvement in accuracy over previous results at millimeter wavelengths. A stable transmitter and novel superheterodyne receiver were constructed and used to determine the effective collecting area of the Millimeter Wave Observatory (MWO) 4.9-m antenna relative to a previously calibrated standard gain horn. The thermal scale was set by calibrating the radiometer with carefully constructed and tested hot and cold loads. The brightness temperatures may be used to establish an absolute calibration scale and to determine the antenna aperture and beam efficiencies of other radio telescopes at 3.5-mm wavelength.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation; AP-28; May 1980
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    The Jovian atmospheric window at 2.7 microns: A search for H2S (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The atmospheric transmission window at 2.7 microns in Jupiter's atmosphere was observed at a spectral resolution of 0.1/cm from the Kuiiper Airborne Observatory. From an analysis of the CH4 abundance (80 m-am) and the H2O abundance ( 0.0125 cm-am) it was determined that the penetration depth of solar flux at 2.7 microns is near the base of the NH3 cloud layer. The upper limit to H2O at 2.7 microns and other results suggest that photolytic reactions in Jupiter's lower troposphere may not be as significant as was previously thought. A search for H2S in Jupiter's atmosphere yielded an upper limit of 0.1 cm-am. The corresponding limit to the element abundance ratio S/H was approx. 1.7x10(-8), about 10(-3) times the solar value. Upon modeling the abundance and distribution of H2S in Jupiter's atmosphere it was concluded that, contrary to expectations, sulfur-bearing chromophores are not present in significant amounts in Jupiter's visible clouds. Rather, it appears that most of Jupiter's sulfur is locked up as NH4SH in a lower cloud layer. Alternatively, the global abundance of sulfur in Jupiter may be significantly depleted.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA-TM-86661 , NAS 1.15:86661 , REPT-85043
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    The Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) will be a free-flying observatory for high-quality observations and research in the X-ray spectrum. AXAF is planned to be launched in 1991 by the Shuttle and maintained in-orbit over a period of 15 years. This paper presents a summary of the AXAF program and describes several possible configurations which resulted from Phase A studies.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: AIAA PAPER 84-0134
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Results from the Orbiting Astronomical Observatory. XLI - Photometry of M31 and M33 (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Filter photometry observations from the Orbiting Astronomical Observatory, in six wavelength bands between 1550 and 4250 A, are reported for several positions along the major and minor axes in M31 and at some positions in M33. The spatial resolution is 10 arcmin. The colors along the major axis of M31 within about 20 arcmin of the nucleus are similar to the nucleus; at 45 arcmin the colors are much bluer, indicating a spiral arm population. This behavior is expected from other observations of H I, CO, and early-type stars, which are all concentrated in a ring of material whose inner edge is about 7 kpc (= 35 arcmin) from the nucleus. The center of M33 is bluer than the ring of M31, and the arms of M33 even bluer. There are no colors too blue to be explained (within observational error) by unreddened B stars.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal; 87; June 198
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Coordinated X-ray, optical, and radio observations of flaring activity on YZ Canis Minoris (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The YZ Canis Minoris (Gliese 285), a late-type dwarf star with Balmer emission (dM4.5e), is a member of the UV Ceti class of flare stars. Obtaining good X-ray observations of a dMe star flare is important not only for understanding the physics of flares but also for testing current ideas regarding the similarity between stellar and solar flares. The Einstein X-ray Observatory has made it possible to conduct X-ray observations of dMe stars with unprecedented sensitivity. A description is presented of the results of a program of ground-based optical and radio observations of YZ CMi coordinated with those of the Einstein Observatory. The observations were carried out as part of a coordinated program on October 25, 26, and 27, 1979, when YZ CMi was on the dawn side of the earth. Comprehensive observational data were obtained of an event detected in all three wavelength regions on October 25, 1979.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 252
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Infrared Fourier spectrometer for airborne and ground-based astronomy (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A unique high resolving power near-infrared, astronomical Fourier spectrometer has been constructed for use at both ground-based and airborne telescopes. Its capabilities include a limiting resolution of 0.01/cm and spectral coverage over the InSb detector sensitivity region (0.8-5.6 micron). The instrument is optimized for operation in environments inaccessible to other high-resolution Fourier spectrometers, namely, the Cassegrain focuses of conventional telescopes and the NASA Kuiper Airborne Observatory's 91-cm telescope. Details of the spectrometer are discussed, and various astronomical and laboratory spectra are presented.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Applied Optics; 19; Dec. 15
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Coherent optical system of modular imaging collectors (COSMIC) - An approach for a large aperture high angular resolution telescope in space (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Very high angular resolution can be achieved in UV/optical astronomy through interferometers in space. A concept analysis of COSMIC, which may be placed into orbit by the Space Shuttle in the late 1990's, is discussed. The photon-collecting area is three times larger than that of Space Telescope (ST), and exceeds its resolution by approximately an order of magnitude. Several alternative configurations are presented to scope the extent of design approaches which may be achievable within the transportation capability of the Space Shuttle.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Synthetic aperture systems; August 25, 26, 1983; San Diego, CA
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    The 1.5 - 3.5 Micron Spectroscopy of the Orion H2 Source (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A synopsis of current research with near infrared airborne spectroscopy of the Orion molecular hydrogen emission line source is presented. It is suggested that (H2) is the most abundant molecular species in the interstellar medium and is of paramount importance to understand its behavior and distribution in that medium. The H2 has no permanent electric dipole moment which precludes dipole transitions. It is, however, detected in absorption against background starlight by UV electronic transitions and in the IR through electric quadrupole rotation/vibration and pure rotation emission lines. The physical parameters of this region, in the context of their relationships to other members of the complex family of Orion objects, molecular clouds, compact IR sources, H 2 regions, and shock fronts are described.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA. Ames Research Center Airborne Astron. Symp.; p 164-171
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    The rotational velocities of a sample of Herbig Ae/Be stars (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Rotational velocity estimates are presented for 15 Herbig Ae/Be stars. Those objects with nominal optical spectral types between B5 and A0 show a frequency distribution of v sin i values significantly different from that of normal Be stars in this spectral type range; the Herbig emission stars must have significantly smaller intrinsic rotational velocities. Herbig emission stars of types B0-B5 cannot be distinguished from normal Be stars on the basis of rotational velocity alone.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 88; 1644-164
    Format: text
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