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  • GEOPHYSICS  (4,821)
  • ASTROPHYSICS  (3,387)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (3,181)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (2,151)
  • ASTRONOMY
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microscopy in solid state science (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 299-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: STEM ; PEELS ; HAADFI ; Nanolithography ; Super-resolution ; STM ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The Microstructural Physics group at the Cavendish Laboratory is actively involved in a considerable number of research projects which cover a broad range of materials science. In this paper, we describe briefly several such projects, with particular emphasis given to the application of parallel-detection electron energy loss spectroscopy (PEELS) on a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to the analysis of materials such as stainless steels, catalysts, and high temperature superconductors. In addition, we describe a number of related projects that are currently being carried out in the group, particularly those which utilise and develop novel STEM imaging and analytical techniques. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070240404
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  • 2
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    Age of the Mulcahy Lake intrusion, northwest Ontario, and implications for the evolution of greenstone-granite terrains (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: An investigation of zircon data from the Mulcahy Lake gabbro, a 63 sq km layered mafic intrusion in the Wabigoon subprovince of Ontario, which show that the gabbro crystallized at 2733.2 +1.0, -0.9 Ma, is considered. It is shown that the gabbro intrudes tholeiites of the Crow Lake-Savant Lake greenstone belt. Whole rock samples and mineral separates from the Mulcahy Lake intrusion are dated by Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, and Ar-30-Ar-40 techniques. Disturbances in the system are revealed by the Rb-Sr data and an initial Sr ratio of 0.7007 for an age of 2733 Ma is indicated by samples with low Rb/Sr ratios. The age determined for the Sm-Nd data is 2744 + or 55 Ma with an epsilon Nd value of +2.6 + or - 1.2 which indicates a source region depleted in a light rare earth element. Primary hornblende is analyzed for Ar-40/Ar-39 and an age of 2703 + or - 20 is obtained. Some implications for the development of greenstone-granite belts are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X); 73; 2-3,
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  • 3
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    Gamma-ray observations of NGC 253 and M82 with OSSE (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Gamma-ray observations of the nearby starburst galaxies NGC 253 and M82 over the energy range (0.05-10) MeV have been obtained with the Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE) spectrometer on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO). The priority of these galaxies as OSSE targets had been established on the grounds that the average supernova rate may be high in starbursts as indicated by infrared and radio observations, and at distances of approximately 3 Mpc a significant chance of supernova gamm-ray line detection exists. NGC 253 was detected in continuum emission up to 165 keV with a total significance of 4.4 sigma and an estimated luminosity of 3 x 10(exp 40) ergs/s. The spectrum is best fit by a power law of photon index approximately 2.5. We consider the possible contribution of different emission mechanisms, including inverse Compton scattering, bremsstrahlung, discrete sources, and Type Ia/Ib supernova continuum to the measured flux. No significant continuum flux was observed from M82. A search for the gamma-ray line from the decay of the most abundant radioactive element produced in supernovae (Ni-56 yields Co-56 yields Fe-56) yielded no significant detection: the 3 sigma upper limits to the line fluxes at 0.158, 0.812, 0.847, and 1.238 MeV for both galaxies are obtained.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 437; 1; p. 173-178
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  • 4
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    Apollo 12 ropy glasses revisited (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We analyzed ropy glasses from Apollo 12 soils 12032 and 12033 by a variety of techniques including SEM/EDX, electron microprobe analysis, INAA, and Ar-39-Ar-40 age dating. The ropy glasses have potassium rare earth elements phosphorous (KREEP)-like compositions different from those of local Apollo 12 mare soils; it is likely that the ropy glasses are of exotic origin. Mixing calculations indicate that the ropy glasses formed from a liquid enriched in KREEP and that the ropy glass liquid also contained a significant amount of mare material. The presence of solar Ar and a trace of regolith-derived glass within the ropy glasses are evidence that the ropy glasses contain a small regolith component. Anorthosite and crystalline breccia (KREEP) clasts occur in some ropy glasses. We also found within these glasses clasts of felsite (fine-grained granitic fragments) very similar in texture and composition to the larger Apollo 12 felsites, which have a Ar-39-Ar-40 degassing age of 800 +/- 15 Ma. Measurements of 39-Ar-40-Ar in 12032 ropy glass indicate that it was degassed at the same time as the large felsite although the ropy glass was not completely degassed. The ropy glasses and felsites, therefore, probably came from the same source. Most early investigators suggested that the Apollo 12 ropy glasses were part of the ejecta deposited at the Apollo 12 site from the Copernicus impact. Our new data reinforce this model. If these ropy glasses are from Copernicus, they provide new clues to the nature of the target material at the Copernicus site, a part of the Moon that has not been sampled directly.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Meteoritics (ISSN 0026-1114); 29; 3; p. 323-333
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  • 5
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    An unusually strong Einstein ring in the radio source PKS1830 - 211 (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: High-resolution radio images of PKS1830 - 211 are obtained to study the possibility that the double structure is a gravitationally lensed object. The VLBI observations, taken from interferometric radiotelescope networks, reveal an elliptical ring that connects two bright spots of similar composition. Because the lens and the lensed object are closely aligned, and because of the structure of the two spots, the source is concluded to be a radio Einstein ring. The source is found to be close to the galactic plane, and the lens and the lensed object are extragalactic. The source is also found to be unusually bright, suggesting that it is aligned with a bright background source or amplified by some mechanism related to a source that is not so bright.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 352; 132-134
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Hydrogen-deficient atmospheres for cool carbon stars (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Motivated by recent work which hints at a possible deficiency of hydrogen in non-Mira N-type carbon stars and to further explore the parameter space of chemical composition, computations have been made of a series of hydrogen-deficient models for carbon stars. For these models Teff = 3000 K, and log g = 0.0. Solar abundances are used for all elements except for carbon (which is enhanced to give C/O = 1.05), hydrogen, and helium. As the fractional abundance of hydrogen is decreased, being replaced by helium, the temperature-optical depth relation is affected only slightly, but the temperature-pressure relation is changed. The most striking change in the emergent flux is the decrease of the H(-) peak at 1.65 micron compared with the blackbody peak at 1.00 micron.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 292; 228-230
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  • 7
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    Landau damping of auroral hiss (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Auroral hiss is observed to propagate over distances comparable to an Earth radius from its source in the auroral oval. The role of Landau damping is investigated for upward propagating auroral hiss. By using a ray tracing code and a simplified model of the distribution function, the effect of Landau damping is calculated for auroral hiss propagation through the environment around the auroral oval. Landau damping is found to be the likely mechanism for explaining some of the one-sided auroral hiss funnels observed by Dynamics Explorer 1. It is also found that Landau damping puts a lower limit on the wavelength of auroral hiss. Poleward of the auroral oval, Landau damping is found in a typical case to limit omega/k(sub parallel) to values of 3.4 x 10(exp 4) km/s or greater, corresponding to resonance energies of 3.2 keV or greater and wavelengths of 2 km or greater. For equatorward propagation, omega/k(sub parallel) is limited to values greater than 6.8 x 10(exp 4) km/s, corresponding to resonance energies greater than 13 keV and wavelengths greater than 3 km. Independent estimates based on measured ratios of the magnetic to electric field intensity also show that omega/k(sub parallel) corresponds to resonance energies greater than 1 keV and wavelengths greater than 1 km. These results lead to the difficulty that upgoing electron beams sufficiently energetic to directly generate auroral hiss of the inferred wavelength are not usually observed. A partial transmission mechanism utilizing density discontinuities oblique to the magnetic field is proposed for converting auroral hiss to wavelengths long enough to avoid damping of the wave over long distances. Numerous reflections of the wave in an upwardly flared density cavity could convert waves to significantly increased wavelengths and resonance velocities.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 99; A2; p. 2471-2488
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    CGRO/OSSE observations of the Cassiopeia A Supernova remnant (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Cassipeia A, the youngest known supernova remnant in the Galaxy and a strong radio and X-ray source, was observed by OSSE 1992 July 16-August 6. Its close distance (approximately 3 kpc) and its young age (approximately 300 yr) make Cas A the best candidate among known supernova remnants for detecting Ti-44 gamma-ray lines. We find no evidence of emission at 67.9 keV, 78.4 keV, or 1.157 MeV, the three strongest Ti-44 decay lines. From simultaneous fits to the three lines our 99% confidence upper limit to the flux in each line is 5.5 x 10(exp -5) gamma/sq cm s. We also report upper limits for the 4.44 MeV C-12 nuclear de-excitation line, which could be produced by interactions of acclerated particles in the supernova remnant, and for the hard X-ray continuum.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 444; 1; p. 244-250
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  • 9
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    Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment observations of Co-57 in SN 1987A (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory has observed SN 1987A for two 2 week periods during the first 9 months of the mission. Evidence for gamma-ray line and continuum emission from Co-57 is observed with an intensity of about 10 exp -4 gamma/sq cm/s. This photon flux between 50 and 136 keV is demonstrated by Monte Carlo calculations to be independent of the radial distribution of Co-57 for models of low optical depth, viz., models having photoelectric absorption losses of 122 keV photons no greater than several percent. For such models the observed Co-57 flux indicates that the ratio Ni-57/Ni-56 produced in the explosion was about 1.5 times the solar system ratio of Fe-57/Fe-56. When compared with nearly contemporaneous bolometric estimates of the luminosity for SN 1987A, our observations imply that Co-57 radioactivity does not account for most of the current luminosity of the supernova remnant in low optical depth models. We suggest alternatives, including a large optical depth model that is able to provide the SN 1987A luminosity and is consistent with the OSSE flux. It requires a 57/56 production ratio about twice solar.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X); 399; 2; p. L137-L140.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative kinetics of short and long sperm in sperm dimorphic Drosophila species (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 19 (1991), S. 269-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: minor and major waves ; beat frequeney ; wave propagation velocity ; coiling diameter ; storage effect ; differential behaviour ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: All species of the Drosophila obscura group exhibit within-ejaculate sperm length dimorphism. The present work is a contribution to the understanding of sperm competition through a comparative study of sperm kinetic parameters in four of these species. Videomicrographic observations at 200 frames per second of sperm from males and females, out of the storage organ, prior or after storage were made. Drosophila sperm display both major and minor waves. The former is analysed by measuring coiling diameter (μm) and the latter by recording both beat frequency (s-1) and wave propagation velocity (μm·s-1). Results show that the ‘behaviour’ of short and long spermatozoa noticeably differ: short sperm kinetics remains unaltered after storage while both major and minor waves of long spermatozoa are markedly modified. Thus, evidence is provided here of a sort of “differential activation” which is assumed to result in different survival abilities of short and long sperm within the storage organ of females.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970190405
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