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  • Springer  (39)
  • Ovid Technologies  (3)
  • 1980-1984  (42)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 13 (1981), S. 11-18 
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Among the many possible contributions to joint or splice loss in an optical fibre system are those attributable to the manufacturing tolerances of the fibres themselves. This paper predicts, from a probability approach, the likely effect of errors in the cladding surface diameter, the circularity of this surface and the concentricity of core and cladding. It is shown that, for one representative set of excitation conditions, the tolerances proposed in a draft CCITT recommendation lead to a mean joint loss of 0.043 dB with a standard deviation of 0.045 dB. The loss exceeds 0.33 dB with a probability of 0.001.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 30 (1983), S. 59-69 
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Transformations are given which change the perturbed planar problem of two bodies into unperturbed and undamped harmonic oscillators with constant coefficients. The orginally singular, nonlinear and Lyapunov unstable equations become in this way regular, linear, and the stable solution may be written down immediately in terms of the new variables. Transformations of the independent and dependent variables are treated separately as well as jointly. Using arbitrary and special functions for the transformations allows a systematic discussion of previously introduced and new anomalies. For the unperturbed two-body problem the theorem is proved according to which if the transformations are power-functions of the radial variable, then only the eccentric and the true anomalies with the corresponding transformations of the radial variable will result in harmonic oscillators. Important practical applications are to increase autonomous operations in space, since by replacing lengthy numerical integrations by transformations, computer requirements are significantly reduced.
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  • 3
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    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 21 (1980), S. 357-360 
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the present note we show how a simple canonical transformation in extended phase space makes the transition from classical Delaunay elements to the Scheifele variables. We do not use spherical coordinates or Hamilton-Jacobi theory. The meaning of the new variables is briefly explained, especially the use of the true anomaly as one of the variables.
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  • 4
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    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 23 (1981), S. 159-172 
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Within the framework of the Hamiltonian mechanics in the extended phase space, a set of canonical elements of the Delaunay type is developed in terms of an arbitrary independent angular variable. Application to the four classical anomalies-eccentric, true, elliptic, and mean-is presented. Particular attention is given to the generalized time equation and its conjugate energy equation.
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  • 5
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    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 27 (1982), S. 65-77 
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between the eigen values of the linearized differential equations of orbital mechanics and the stability characteristics of numerical methods is presented. It is shown that the Cowell, Encke, and Encke formulation with an independent variable related to the eccentric anomaly all have a real positive eigen value when linearized about the initial conditions. The real positive eigen value causes an amplification of the error of the solution when used in conjunction with a numerical integration method. In contrast an element formulation has zero eigen values and is numerically stable.
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  • 6
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    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 27 (1982), S. 203-210 
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The propagation of errors in the solutions of the differential equations for the orbital elements of perturbed two-body motion is investigated. It is shown that the error in the time-element grows linearly for differential equations for orbital elements when only perturbations are present on the right-hand side, cubically for formulations which have a two-body term on the right-hand side, and linearly for formulations based upon extended phase space Hamiltonians.
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  • 7
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    Springer
    The European physical journal 319 (1984), S. 57-59 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The use of reaction asymmetries to deduce spin orbit interactions in heavy ion reactions is discussed. It is suggested that in most cases they are too sensitive to many other phenomena to be useful tools and reanalysis of some existing data demonstrates that large spin orbit interactions are not required to reproduce the observed asymmetries.
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  • 8
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    Cellular and molecular life sciences 36 (1980), S. 80-81 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary These studies indicate that the loss of skeletal muscle vascular tone following severe blood loss is not the result of a local reflex initiated by tissue ischemia.
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  • 9
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    Springer
    Oecologia 58 (1983), S. 110-114 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Many aloe species in southern Africa have stems clothed with a layer of persistent dead leaves. The degree of stem coverage is species-specific. The suggestion that persistent dead leaves have an insulatory function and are adaptive in fire-prone habitat was tested on Aloe ferox. Field surveys demonstrated a significant negative relationship between mortality and degree of stem coverage and laboratory studies confirmed the insulating properties of dead leaves. The distribution of southern African tree aloes supprts the prediction that bare-stemmed species would be confined to fire-free habitat whilst fully clothed species would occur in both fire-prone and fire-free habitat. The study suggests that harvesting of Aloe ferox leaves for medicinal purposes could result in significant mortality in fires.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 25 (1981), S. 465-476 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract From a consideration of equations describing the supersonic impact of a solid body on to a solid target, the difference between final crater depth and distance vertically below the original impact at which the rarefaction wave front, resulting from the reflection of the backward propagating shock wave in the meteorite, first intersects the forward travelling shock wave front in the target has been determined. A correlation between this difference and the height of central peak features in the majority of fresh lunar craters has been established. On the basis of this, it is proposed that the intersection of these two wave fronts locally inhibits the ejection of material from behind the shock front during the excavation phase of crater formation, leading to the appearance of a centrally located peak of uplifted material. Subsequent post-impact development of the interior morphological features has been shown to be consistent with the size-scale of development of complex crater features on the lunar and other planetary surfaces. By considering only craters which exhibit this correlation, a scaling between peak height and impact energy has been derived.
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