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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (98)
  • 1980-1984  (98)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyisobutylene modification by sulphenylchloride derivatives (in Russian) (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 35 (1984), S. 561-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Durch Umsetzung von Polyisobutylen mit Sulfenylchloriden wurden Polymere mit funktionellen Endgruppen erhalten, deren Struktur mittels IR- und ESR-Spektroskopie sowie Elementaranalyse bestimmt wurde. Es wird gezeigt, daß die Modifizierung des Polymers bei höherer Konzentration des Sulfenylchlorids von einer Dehydrochlorierung begleitet wird. Betrachtet wird der Einfluß der Natur der funktionellen Gruppen und der Molmasse des Polyisobutylens auf die Eigenschaften der modifizierten Produkte.
    Notes: Polymers containing functional end groups, the structure of which was established by elemental analysis, IR and PMR spectra, were obtained by reaction of polyisobutylene with sulphenylchlorides. Dehydrochlorination is shown to accompany the modification on high concentrations of sulphenylchlorides. The nature of functional groups and polyisobutylene molecular weight is considered with respect to their effect on the products modified.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1984.010350809
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal and molecular structure of isoleucinomycin, cyclo[-(D-Ile-Lac-Ile-D-Hyi)3-](C60H102N6O18) (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 19 (1980), S. 1517-1534 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The crystal structure of a synthetic analog of valinomycin, cyclo[-(D-Ile-Lac-Ile-D-Hyi)3-] (C60H102N6O18), has been determined by x-ray diffraction procedures. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group P212121, with cell parameters a = 11.516, b = 15.705, c = 39.310 Å, and Z = 4. The atomic coordinates for the C, N, O atoms were refined in the anisotropic thermal motion approximation and for the H atoms in the isotropic approximation. Values of standard (R) and weighted (Rw) reliability factors after refinement are 0.073 and 0.056, respectively. The structure is completely asymmetric. The cyclic molecular backbone is stabilized by six intramolecular hydrogen bonds N—H…O=C, five bonds being of the 4→1 type and one being of the 5→1 type. The side chains are located on the molecular periphery. The conformational state of isoleucinomycin in the crystal is intermediate between the corresponding crystalline states of valinomycin and meso-valinomycin. The observed conformation suggests that complexation could proceed via entry of the ion at the face possessing the L-Lac residues, the less crowded face.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1980.360190808
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional structure of actinoxanthin. III. A 4-Å resolution (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 20 (1981), S. 679-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The protein actinoxanthin (molecular weight 10,300) crystallizes in space group P212121, with cell dimensions a = 30.9 Å, b = 48.8 Å, c = 64.1 Å, and z = 4. The three-dimensional structure of actinoxanthin at 4-Å resolution was determined by x-ray methods on the basis of experimental data from the native protein and five isomorphous derivatives. At the stage of solving the phase problem, the heavy atoms in the derivatives were located using direct methods. The actinoxanthin molecule can be described as an oblate ellipsoid with approximate dimensions 20 × 30 × 40 Å and consists of two different sizes of folded units separated by a well-defined cleft. The larger unit, including the N- and C-terminals of the protein chain, is characterized by a significant content of β-sheet structure. The smaller unit, containing two deca- and hexapeptide cycles closed by disulfide bonds, has a mainly irregular structure.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1981.360200405
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and investigation of the properties of cardo-copolyimides with different microstructure (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 184 (1983), S. 235-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Copolyimides, their microstructure being determined by the method of synthesis, were prepared by copolycondensation of 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride (1a), 4,4′-carbonyldipthalic anhydride (1b), or 1,8:4,5-naphthalenetetracarboxylic anhydride with a mixture of two diamines, hexa-, octa-, or dodecamethylene diamine (5a, 6a, 7a) and cardo-diamines 9,9-bis(4′-aminophenyl)fluorene (3a) and 3,3-bis(4′-aminophenyl)phthalide (4) or two aromatic diamines, 4,4′-oxydianiline (9) and 2,2-bis(4-aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane (8), at various mole ratios of the comonomers. Blockcopolyimides with five-membered imide cycles were formed by catalytic imidization of the intermediate polymers prepared by addition of the solid dianhydride to a solution of the mixture of the two diamines, whereas the thermal cyclization of such polymers and the one-step high-temperature synthesis led to random copolyimides. The thermal and mechanical properties of the copolyimides with various microstructure and their solubility in organic solvents were compared.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1983.021840201
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and investigation of the properties of cardo-copolyimides with different microstructure (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 184 (1983), S. 893-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1983.021840422
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel coal based monomers and thermally stable polymers (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 7 (1984), S. 17-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Developments in the synthesis of thermally stable polymers have been discussed, attention being paid to the synthesis of some novel polymers with naphthalene and binaphthalene recurring units. Unconventional organic raw material, i.e. coal tar, has been recognized as suitable monomer source for the production of such polymers.The synthetic routes and properties of novel poly[bis(benzimidazo-benzisoquinolinones)], poly(naphthalimides), poly[oxyarylenebis(acenaphthalene)quinoxalines] and crosslinked polymers with similar structural repeating units have been demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1984.020071984102
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial and oxidative effects in degradation of polyethene (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1655-1671 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Biodegradative conversion of 14C present in high-density (linear) polyethene (HDPE) film to respiratory 14CO2 during a two-year aerated cultivation with soil or with Fusarium redolens dropped from 0.36% by weight to less than 0.16% by weight when the HDPE film was deprived from most of its low molecular components by extraction with cyclohexane. Decrease of 14CO2 production after extraction could be observed in different abiotic aging cultures. This is direct evidence for a primary utilization of the short-chain oligomeric fraction of the main crystalline materials. The extractable oligomeric fraction of HDPE was analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and Mn 1049, 1088, and 1297 were found in untreated, aged, and biodegraded materials, respectively, indicating that microbes can oxidize somewhat longer polyolefin chains than aboitic forces do during aging. The limited degradation of HDPE confined to extractable material is comparable to the degradation of straight-chain n-alkanes and presumably proceeds according to similar mechanism. Such material (n-alkanes) can exit in the interstitial spaces between the crystalline lamellae as fringed micelles which infiltrate these cavities as amorphous clusters but are also produced to some extent during aging and weathering. Protection of HDPE by antioxidant (a sterically hindered phenol) resulted in an inhibition of microbiological catabolism of 14C to 14CO2. Aging was also suppressed in this way, indicating that although remnants of the supported CrCO3 polymerization catalyst are responsible for a slight but cumulative abiotic oxidation of the unprotected polymer, this effect will be counteracted too by the antioxidative additive. As biological degradation is superimposed on the chemistry of aging, a mutual synergism between the two effects is feasible.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070250813
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Block copolymers obtained by free radical mechanism. II. Butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3103-3115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Block copolymers were synthesized using methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate as the monomers and a multifunctional initiator, di-t-butyl 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanoperoxyvalerate). The polymerizations for the formation of the block copolymers were carried out in two stages. First the poly(methyl methacrylate) polymeric initiator was synthesized and isolated. In the second stage, the thermallyactivated azo group in the polymer backbone initiated the polymerization of butyl acrylate. Upon termination by combination a tri-block results. Selective solvent fractionation was used to separate the block from the homopolymers.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260924
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared study of the effect of heat on wool (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 921-932 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The infrared spectra of wool heated in vacuum and in air to different temperatures ranging from 120 to 250°C were investigated. It was found that certain absorption bands disappear when wool is heated in vacuum to 180°C and in air to 120°C for 2 hr. Also, the results showed that the intensities of the C=O stretching band at 1660 cm-1, N-H stretching band at 3325 cm-1 and the C-H stretching band at 2940 cm-1 decrease when wool is heated in vacuum to 180°C and in air to 120°C. The spectra of the samples heated in vacuum to 250°C and in air to 225°C exhibited strong absorption bands belonging to the carboxyl and sulfonate groups.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260315
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavior of chemically modified cellulose towards dyeing. XIV. Behavior of cotton and crosslinked cottons before and after mercerization towards some reactive dyestuffsCorrected proofs received December 21, 1981 (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 871-878 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Cotton fabric was crosslinked with DMDEU by applying the Form D-Process and Form W-Process. The cotton and crosslinked cotton were then treated with caustic soda solution of mercerizing strength. The ability of cotton and crosslinked cottons to dyeing with two reactive dyes, viz. Procion Blue MRB and Procion Red HB was examined. It was found that crosslinking reduces significantly the amenability of cotton to reactive dyes particularly when the Form D-Process was applied. Mercerization enhances dyeability of all substrates, but the enhancement was much greater in the case of noncrosslinked cotton. Based on dyeing and other properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, and crease recovery, it was shown that crosslinking decreases considerably the affinity of cotton to caustic soda solution. It was further anticipated that different color designs with different patterns and properties can be conferred on a given cotton fabric by making use of local crosslinking and/or mercerizing followed by dyeing.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270307
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