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  • 1980-1984  (18)
  • 1955-1959  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Craze development and breakdown in PVC during cyclic loading (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 19 (1984), S. 1116-1124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The nature of the development and breakdown of crazes during cyclic loading has been examined in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The results show that the relative kinetics of craze development and breakdown are the same, regardless of molecular weight, plasticizer content or stress intensity level. Through optical and fractographic observations, it is found that the full equilibrium length is established early in the cyclic lifetime of the craze. Finally, the fracture path through the craze depends on the amount of cyclically induced damage experienced by the craze prior to the passage of the crack.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01120020
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibre formation in the hydrostatic extrusion of linear polyethylene — sodium lignosulphonate blends (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 17 (1982), S. 901-909 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A blend consisting of equal amounts (by weight) of linear polyethylene and a technical grade of sodium lignosulphonate (a water soluble substance), was processed using hydrostatic extrusion with extrusion ratios varying from 5 to 20. The resulting extrudate contained thin (2 to 5μm) fibres of the linear polyethylene in a matrix of the lignosulphonate. The fibres were basically continuous throughout the extrudate. Their stiffness was of the same order as that observed for pure hydrostatically extruded polyethylene. The fibre phase was easily isolated by dissolving the matrix material in water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00540390
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibre formation in injection-moulded polyethylene-sodium lignosulphonate blends and its relationship to the morphological zones (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 17 (1982), S. 915-921 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In injection-moulded parts, the degree of orientation (anisotropy) varies over the cross-section. Normally, such parts exhibit a layered structure, with a biaxially oriented surface layer (stretching of the flow front during mould filling), a highly oriented shear zone, and a core region with a relatively low orientation. This paper describes a novel method to show the different morphological zones by studying the occurrence and structure of fibres formed during injection moulding of certain incompatible blends, in the present case a mixture of high-density polyethylene and a technical lignosulphonate grade (Wanin S). The polyethylene fibres formed during processing of this composite were ribbon-shaped in the surface layer (biaxial orientation), while they had a normal appearance in the shear zone. Only relatively few fibres were found in the core region. A qualitative agreement was found when the fibre character in the various layers was compared with orientation data from thermal shrinkage measurements, as obtained with pure polyethylene samples (test bars).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00540392
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrostatic extrusion of composites based on linear polyethylene (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 17 (1982), S. 910-914 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Blends of linear polyethylene with carbon black (1 and 10 wt%) and two low-molecular weight substances, camphor (10 wt%) and dimethylerephthalate (DMTP) (10 wt%), have been hydrostatically extruded under different conditions. Both camphor and DMTP were partly compatible with the polyethylene. Compared to an unfilled linear polyethylene, hydrostatically extruded under similar conditions, an increase in tensile strength is noted in some cases. This increase in strength may be accompanied by a decrease in stiffness. The composites containing the compatible substances could be processed at a significantly lower pressure level compared to the unfilled polyethylene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00540391
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of an impact-modified nylon 66 (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 18 (1983), S. 3551-3561 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The structure and chemical compositions of an impact-modified nylon 66 are investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy, optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy. The morphology is found to contain spherical domains of a partially-crosslinked EPDM rubbery phase which are embedded within an N66 matrix. These spherical domains are 0.2 to 0.8 μm in diameter and comprise approximately 20 vol % of the blend; the N66 matrix in the toughened polymer contains spherulites which are 1 μm in diameter whereas the neat N66 solid contains 10 μm diameter spherulites. The crystalline fraction in N66 is found to be relatively independent of rubber content. The dynamic modulus is found to be more strongly affected by the addition of the rubbery phase than by changes in the morphology of the nylon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00540727
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the nature of craze development and breakdown during fatigue (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 2 (1983), S. 325-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00726319
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequency and specimen configuration effects on fatigue crack propagation in nylon 66 (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 3 (1984), S. 224-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00726800
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reticulated versus crenelated surfaces on macroporous polystyrene-divinylbenzene membranes (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 591-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Reticulated polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PSt-DVB) copolymer membranes or thin sheets were prepared using two different methods. The first method employed a nonsolvating diluent which dissolves the monomer but precipitates the polymer. This resulted in skinned membranes with the skin being nonporous, being either crenelated or smooth. The second method used paraffin wax as the inert phase. The wax was precipitated by cooling, followed by polymerization of the styrene. The wax was then solvent extracted. This resulted in a reticulated structure both on the surface and in the interior of the membrane. The resulting products from the two methods were compared using scanning electron microscopy. The objective of this study was to prepare a skinless, macroporous, crosslinked polystyrene, as polymer I for the preparation of novel interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) materials.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260218
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of molecular weight on fatigue crack propagation in nylon 66 and polyacetal (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 1707-1717 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The influence of molecular weight on fatigue and fracture behavior in nylon 66 (N66) and polyacetal (PA) is examined. Fatigue crack propagation (FCP) resistance and apparent fracture toughness (Kcf) in these two semicrystalline polymers increase with increasing molecular weight in a manner consistent with that reported for another semicrystalline polymer (HDPE) as well as for several amorphous polymers. The improved FCP resistance with increasing molecular weight is attributed to the development of a molecular entanglement network that more effectively resists cyclic-load-induced breakdown. A type of discontinous crack growth is identified in PA at 100Hz and in N66 (2.6% H2O) at 50 Hz and compared with that observed in amorphous polymers.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270527
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of mold design on the mechanical properties of high-pressure injection - molded polyethylene (1983)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 23 (1983), S. 877-882 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: High-pressure injection molding (nominal pressure 500 MPa) is known to substantially improve the mechanical properties of high-density polyethylene of a high molecular weight (HMWPE). This work shows that if the mold is equipped with an exit cavity, the tensile modulus and strength of HMWPE-bars molded is further improved at high pressure levels. The maximum values of the stiffness and strength (thin bars, 1 mm) obtained with the exit chamber is about 12 GPa and 260 MPa, respectively. The improvement due to the exit cavity is of the order of 30 percent for the tensile strength for thicknesses lower than 4mm, while the modulus increases about 1 to 1.5 GPa for bars with thicknesses between 1 and 6 mm. The orientation of the melt during the filling of the mold was also found to have an influence on the mechanical properties of the HMWPE bars.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760231604
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