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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 313 (1983), S. 369-370 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown how for temperatures below the critical one (Tc≈20 MeV) the phase diagram of hot nuclear matter may be reconstructed by using experimentally determined cluster abundances from nucleus-nucleus collisions.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 10 (1965), S. 225-232 
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The structure of nosean (noselite) has been refined on the basis of 3-dimensional X-ray data with special interest in the SO4-group distribution and the atomic positions of Na-ions and SO4-oxygens. Some reflections show diffuse streaks that markedly can be weakened by heat treatment. The peak intensities of a heated crystal were measured and gave the ordered part of the structure. There probably exist two arrangements of the Na-ions and several equivalent configurations of the SO4-oxygens. The refined values of the atomic parameters are given.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Struktur des Noseans wurde mit dreidimensionalen Daten verfeinert. Hierbei ist die Verteilung der SO4-Gruppen, der Na-Atome sowie die Position der SO4-Sauerstoffe besonders berücksichtigt worden. Da eine Reihe von Reflexen diffuse Streaks aufweisen, deren Intensität sich durch Tempern merklich verringert, wurden die Daten eines getemperten Kristalls gesammelt. Es konnte nur der geordnete Teil der Struktur erfaßt werden, da ausschließlich die Peak-Intensitäten der Hauptreflexe der Messung zugrunde lagen. Es ergab sich, daß die Na-Atome wahrscheinlich zwei Möglichkeiten der Anordnung innerhalb der Struktur einnehmen und die Sauerstoffe der SO4-Gruppe eine Reihe energetisch ähnlicher Plätze besetzen. Die verfeinerten Atomparameter werden mitgeteilt.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 17 (1980), S. 153-155 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: sparteine N-oxidation ; debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation ; pharmacogenetics ; debrisoquine metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two subjects from each of the three groups of homozygous rapid, heterozygous, and homozygous non-metabolizers (N-oxidation) of sparteine received a single oral dose of debrisoquine. The urinary ratio of debrisoquine/4-hydroxy-debrisoquine, reflecting the individual's capacity to C-hydroxylate debrisoquine, was closely related to his phenotype for sparteine metabolism. This indicates that the two metabolic reactions are controlled by similar if not identical genetic factors.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 18 (1984), S. 241-241 
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 18 (1984), S. 19-32 
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The structure of coniferous wood is characterized by pronounced differences in density between earlywood and latewood. This could result in disadvantages in wood strength especially against bending. A summary of the observations in this paper leads to the following hypothesis: Coniferous trees meet this danger by forming numerous stiffenings especially in broad annual rings with a high percentage of earlywood. Such stiffenings may be produced by more or less slight fluctuations of density or chemistry within annual rings in radial as well as in tangential directions. The question remains open which anatomical or chemical reasons, upon sandblasting, locally cause radial or radially branched ribs and craters in cross sections, waviness in radial sections and “cloudy” structures in tangential sections.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 17 (1983), S. 163-164 
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Kohlenwasserstoff-Vielkomponentengemische, wie sie z. B. bei Untersuchungen über Reaktionen der Erdölverarbeitung oder der Kohlenwasserstoffsynthese erhalten werden, erfordern ein Höchstmaß an Trennleistung sowie die Erfassung möglichst weiter Siedebereiche. Mit einer für diese Probleme gut geeigneten Filmkapillare (100 m×0,25 mm) mit Polypropylenglycol wurden isotherme und temperaturprogrammierte Trennungen ausgeführt. Diese Arbeit beschreibt die auf die n-Paraffine bezogene Auflösung (Trennzahl) in den verschiedenen Chromatogrammbereichen bei isothermer und temperaturprogrammierter Arbeitsweise. Bei isothermer Arbeitsweise steigt die Trennzahl mit steigender C-Zahl der n-Paraffine, d.h. mit steigendem Verteilungsverhältnis k zunächst stark an und nähert sich bei großen k-Werten von 15 bis 20 einem maximalen Grenzwert. Die Größe dieses Grenzwertes hängt stark von der Temperatur ab, da er in erster Linie eine Funktion des Faktors der Retentionszunahme pro CH2-Gruppe ist, der mit der Temperatur abnimmt. Bei temperaturprogrammiertem Arbeiten wird ein Maximum der Trennzahl in Abhängigkeit von C-Zahl beobachtet. Es wird verursacht durch die gegensinnigen Einflüsse der Erhöhung der Trennzahl mit der C-Zahl durch steigende k-Werte (Anstieg im vorderen Chromatogrammteil) und der Abnahme der Trennzahl mit der Temperatur durch einen abnehmenden Faktor der Retention pro CH2-Gruppe. Als Kennzahl der allgemeinen Trennqualität einer Trennsäule wird anstelle der theoretischen bodenzahl der Zuwachs an Bandenbreite pro Zeit vorgeschlagen.
    Abstract: Sommaire Les mélanges d'hydrocarbures, obtenus par exemple dans les recherches sur les réactions de transformation du pétrole ou de synthèse des hydrocarbures, exigent une excellente séparation, ainsi que la possibilité de faire des analyses dans un large domaine de points d'ébullition. Différentes séparations — isotherme et en température programmée — ont été effectuées avec une colonne capillaire (100 m×0,25 mm) recouverte d'un film de Polypropylène-glycol, phase bien appropriée pour ce problème. Ce travail traite des variations de la résolution des n-paraffines (en utilisant la puissance de séparation), dans les différents domaines des chromatogrammes obtenus en isotherme et en température programmée. En isotherme, la puissance de séparation augmente avec le nombre d'atomes de carbone de la n-paraffine, c'est à dire croit d'abord très vite avec le facteur de capacité k, puis tend vers une valeur limite maximum, pour les grandes valeurs de k, comprises entre 15 et 20. La valeur de cette limite dépend beaucoup de la température de travail, car elle est en premier lieu une fonction du taux d'accroissement de la rétention par groupe CH2, qui diminue avec la température. En température programmée, on observe un maximum de la puissance de séparation en fonction du nombre d'atomes de carbone. Cela est provoqué par les influences contraires de l'augmentation du nombre d'atomes de carbone résultant de l'augmentation de la valeur de k (ce qui se produit dans la première partie du chromatogramme) et de la diminution de la puissance de séparation lorsque la température augmente, diminution causée par une décroissance de la rétention par groupe CH2. On propose comme mesure de la qualité générale d'une colonne l'augmentation de la largeur des pics en fonction du temps.
    Notes: Summary Hydrocarbon multicomponent mixtures, obtained e.g. during investigation of reactions for petroleum processing or hydrocarbon synthesis, require a high degree of separation efficiency as well as the facility for covering a wide boiling range. With an open tubular column coated with Polypropylenglycol (100 m×0.25 mm), which is suitable for this problem, various isothermal and temperature programmed separations were carried out. This work is concerued with the resolution with respect to n-Paraffins (separation number) obtained in the various ranges of the chromatogramm by isothermal and temperature programmed operation. With the isothermal operation, the separation number increases with increasing C-number; i.e. increases rapidly at the beginning with increasing partition ratio k and approaches for large k-values of 15 to 20 a maximum limiting value. The limiting value depends to a large extent on the working temperature, since it is mainly a function of the increase in retention per CH2-group, which decreases with temperature. With temperature programmed operation a maximum is observed for separation number, which depends on the C-number. This is caused by the counter influence of the increase in separation number with C-number through increasing k values (increase in the front portion of the chromatogramm) and the decrease in separation number with temperature through a decreasing factor in retention per CH2-group. The increase of peak width per unit time is proposed as a measure of the general separation quality of a separation column.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 53 (1983), S. 95-107 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In addition to Ni2+(3d 8) with its known internal transitions, Ni+(3d 9) is identified here by detecting its2E(D)↔2 T 2(D) transition in ZnS and ZnSe both in absorption and emission. An analysis of vibronic satellites in these spectra indicates a moderate Jahn-Teller coupling in the2 T 2 ground state. Thermal annealing procedures which raise the Fermi level allow to increase the intensity ratio between the characteristic low-temperature optical bands of Ni+ and Ni2+. Ionisation and capture processes at these centres are studied by using the intensity of internal transitions as a probe for the concentration of the respective charge state of nickel. They are induced by additional optical irradiation of the samples in various spectral ranges. These photoionisation and radiative recombination processes manifest themselves in absorption, excitation and luminescence spectra as well as in the spectral response of photosensitive EPR signals. In addition to the threshold for the process [Ni2+]x+hv→[Ni+]′+e vb / which had previously been determined, the experiments yield another threshold for the reaction [Ni+] +hv→[Ni2+]x+e cb /′ . A well-known but hitherto unsettled emission band of ZnS:Ni is attributed to the radiative recombination which is the reverse of this photoionisation. The corresponding transition in ZnSe:Ni is observed as well.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 21 (1984), S. 351-352 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Perturbative QCD is used in lowest order for estimating the phase transition from quarks to hadrons in the early universe. The transition temperature,T=200±20 MeV, turns out to be significantly smaller than that deduced from potential models.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 296 (1980), S. 55-63 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In order to describe dissipative heavy ion collisions microscopically a generalized master equation for the reduced density operator of the relative motion is derived. In the approach phase the description of the time development of the internal system is considerably simplified by employing a doorway concept. Concerning the coupling between doorway and more complex states a strong and weak coupling limit is defined. The resulting classical equation for the relative motion shows up to be reversible at the beginning of the collision process and becomes irreversible later on. The corresponding friction coefficient tourns out to be proportional to the width of the doorway states.
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