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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 19 (1971), S. 372-374 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 5 (1971), S. 1047-1047 
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 22 (1971), S. 303-325 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Die Populationsdynamik der tentaculaten CtenophorePleurobrachia pileus Fabr. 1780 wurde in den Jahren 1966 bis 1968 bei Helgoland untersucht. 2. Die in der hydrographisch komplizierten Deutschen Bucht ablaufende Populationsdynamik konnte durch die punktförmige Probennahme und die sie ergänzenden Messungen nur annäherungsweise erfaßt werden. 3. Der Jahresgang vonP. pileus zeichnet sich im Untersuchungsgebiet aus durch einen in allen Untersuchungsjahren übereinstimmenden Abundanzanstieg unter Zunahme junger Individuen von März bis Mai. Im Juni wurden die höchsten Abundanzwerte ermittelt; der Rückgang der Population erfolgt anschließend sehr schnell bis zum völligen Fehlen vonP. pileus in den Planktonfängen vor Helgoland. 4. In den Jahren 1966 und 1968, alsPleurobrachia pileus eine Abundanz von etwa 10 Individuen pro m3 erreichte, fehlte sie im Spätsommer völlig. 1967, als ihre maximale Abundanz 1–2 Individuen pro m3 betrug, war sie im Spätsommer und Herbst regelmäßig bis häufig im Plankton vertreten. 5. Der mittlere Körperdurchmesser der gefangenenP. pileus ist im Winter größer als im Sommer. Gegen Ende des Winters zeigen einzelne Individuen Reduktionserscheinungen an den Lokomotionsorganen. 6. Die Tiefenverteilung vonP. pileus zeigt ganzjährig eine Präferenz der bodennahen Wasserschichten, die durch Seegangseinwirkungen anscheinend gefördert wird. 7. Die Massenentwicklung vonP. pileus im Frühjahr folgt der Frühjahrsblüte des Phytoplanktons und dem daran gebundenen Auftreten von Copepoden und Evertebratenlarven. 8. Der Populationsrückgang wird maßgeblich durchBeroe gracilis verursacht. Deren Population ist somit für die Populationsdynamik vonP. pileus der einflußreichste biotische Faktor. 9. DaBeroe gracilis Nahrungsspezialist ist, bilden beide Arten ein Regelsystem, das bei hoher Abundanz vonP. pileus wirksam wird. 10.Bolinopsis infundibulum undBeroe cucumis, die synchron im gleichen Gebiet als ökologisches Regelsystem verwandter Struktur vertreten sind, haben nur einen geringen direkten Einfluß auf die Populationsdynamik vonPleurobrachia pileus undBeroe gracilis. 11. Die Konsequenzen der Abhängigkeit des Auftretens vonBeroe gracilis vonP. pileus werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract The tentaculate ctenophorePleurobrachia pileus Fabr. belongs to the most abundant holoplanktonic zooplankters of the German Bight (North Sea). Its population dynamics have been studied from May 1966 to August 1968. Samples were taken mainly near the island Helgoland; hence the survey on population dynamics, which depend upon the complicated hydrographical conditions of the German Bight, is quite limited. Plankton samples were taken either as surface hauls in turbulent water, or as “Hensen” vertical hauls or horizontal hauls with the “Knüppelnetz”. In all three years the annual cycle ofP. pileus reveals a characteristic population increase from March to the end of May, followed by a steep population decrease. Maximum abundances varied from about 20 individuals per m3 to about 1 individual per m3. The population increase corresponds to the spring plankton bloom. The decrease is mainly due to the influence ofBeroe gracilis, whose population dynamics were also studied, as well as those ofBolinopsis infundibulum andBeroe cucumis. IfP. pileus andB. gracilis were abundant in spring,P. pileus could not be found during the subsequent summer, but reappeared in autumn and winter. In 1967, whenP. pileus andB. gracilis were less abundant, representatives could be caught throughout the following months. The population dynamics ofPleurobrachia pileus andBeroe gracilis, as well as ofBolinopsis infundibulum andBeroe cucumis, provide examples of ecological feedback systems.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 20 (1970), S. 304-317 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. The development of new cultivation devices, the double kuvette and the phytoplanktonkreisel, made it possible to culture the 4 species of ctenophores occurring in the southern North Sea:Pleurobrachia pileus, Bolinopsis infundibulum, Beroe cucumis andBeroe gracilis. These ctenophores are holoplanktonic organisms of great ecological importance in local marine food chains. 2. The double kuvette, an improved version of the planktonkreisel permits the control of growth and feeding rate without disturbing the test organisms. 3. The phytoplanktonkreisel permits experiments close to habitat conditions with high seston densities and wave action. 4.Beroe gracilis andPleurobrachia pileus could be reared from egg to egg; the other 2 species could be maintained over several weeks. 5. Data are given on the nutrition of all 4 species as well as on their growth rates, development and behavior. 6.Beroe gracilis feed exclusively onPleurobrachia pileus; Beroe cucumis feed mainly onBolinopsis infundibulum. 7. The young stages only ofBolinopsis infundibulum have true larval organs (tentacles) and may be called larvae. 8. Some ecological implications of the findings are discussed.
    Notes: Kurzfassung Die Ctenophoren gehören zu den Holoplanktern, die im neritischen Bereich der Nordsee eine wichtige Rolle in der Nahrungskette spielen. Die Empfindlichkeit dieser Organismengruppe erschwert experimentelle Untersuchungen. Mit neuen Methoden und Geräten, der „Doppelküvette“ und dem „Phytoplanktonkreisel“, die aus dem „Planktonkreisel“ (Greve 1968) entwickelt wurden, gelang die langfristige Hälterung der 4 Ctenophorenarten, die in der Deutschen Bucht vorkommen:Pleurobrachia pileus Fabr.,Bolinopsis infundibulum Müller,Beroe cucumis Fabr. undBeroe gracilis Künne. Die Kulturversuche lassen Aussagen über Ernährung, einige Verhaltensbesonderheiten, Entwicklung und Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit dieser 4 Arten zu. Die teilweise an nur geringen Individuenzahlen gewonnenen Ergebnisse ergänzen die wenigen vorhandenen Daten über die Ökologie der hiesigen Ctenophoren, die sich durch besondere interspezifische Beziehungen auszeichnen; so frißtBeroe gracilis nurPleurobrachia pileus undBeroe cucumis fast nurBolinopsis infundibulum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 68 (1980), S. 433-457 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract From a search through the literature 174 close binaries with known absolute dimensions have been sampled. Distinction is made between systems before and after mass exchange. Mass, period and mass ratio distributions and relations of the group of ‘unevolved’ binaries (i.e., prior to mass exchange) are transformed into corresponding distributions and relations of evolved binaries. The transformations are based upon theM 1f=g(M 1f) relation derived from an extended set of published theoretical computations of the evolution of close binaries. From this relation the following characteristics of the system after mass exchange are computed:M 1f,M 2f (andq f),P f. Five different modes of mass transfer were applied for the computation of the values ofP f andM 2f. The variation of the period was calculated using the formalism given by Vanbeverenet al. (1979). The results are compared to the observations of binary systems after mass exchange, and are discussed together with an analysis of the effect of several selection effects present in the distributions. The main conclusion is that, during mass exchange in close binaries, more than 50% of the mass is lost to the system in the process of transfer, removing a large amount of angular momentum.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 72 (1980), S. 411-432 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Recent data on semi-detached systems are compared with general results of close binary computations to determine the origin of Algol-type systems (classical case A and case B results are considered). Both the conservative and the non-conservative mode of mass exchange are investigated. It is found that the assumption of considerable mass loss from the system gives satisfying agreement with the observations. It is also concluded that the calculation of an extensive homogeneous network of case A computations is needed.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 87 (1982), S. 357-375 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using the definition of four important events in the evolution of Massive Close Binary systems, we define five observable evolutionary phases in the life of a Massive Close Binary system: OB+OB, WR+OB, C+OB, C+WR, and WR+WR. We define and compute a number of observable phenomena for large groups of Massive Close Binaries. For one burst of star formation, we compute the number of systems in different evolutionary phases, and the total mass loss as functions of the time. For continuous star formation, we determine the fraction of WR binary stars, occurring in different phases of massive close binary evolution, and a number of average quantities (mass, mass ratio) of WR binary systems. The results are compared with observations of WR binaries in the Galaxy and in Open Clusters.
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