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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 12 (1961), S. 560-569 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Observations concerning primary and secondary passivationPotentiostatic and galvanostatic measurements in sulphuric acid electrolytes have been carried out on high-purity ironchrome alloys with chromium contents ranging from 5 to 70 per cent., as well as on high-purity chromium. These measurements were supplemented by the examination of passivation curves, using the galvanostatic insertion method.The passivation currents thus measured were found to differ considerably from the values known so far. The newly found values can be calculated with the aid of an approximation formula as a function of the chromium content. Apart from the “primary” passivation, it was possible, in the concentration range from about 10 to about 40 per cent. Cr, also to observe the „secondary“ passivation which is likewise governed by the current (i) / time (t) law characteristic for passivation generally: (i - i0) t = const. As this phenomenon is greatly dependent on the pH value of the electrolyte and on the presence of complex-forming substances, it is suggested that the phenomenon might be explained by the formation, due to hydrolysis of a second passivation layer.It is assumed that, in the state of “primary passivation” the alloys are covered by a very thin film comparable to that of passive chromium, and that this film is then covered by a “secondary” passivation layer of greater thickness, similar to the iron passivation layer.In the zone of primary passivation, the alloys are anodically dissolved over the whole area whilst, the zone of secondary passivation, strong pit corrosion can be observed.
    Notes: Es wurden an sehr reinen Eisen-Chrom-Legierungen mit Cr-Gehalten von 5 bis 70% sowie an reinstem Chrom potentionstatische und galvanostatische Messungen in Schwefelsäureelektrolyten durch geführt, die durch die Untersuchung von Passivierungskurven nach der galvanostatischen Einschaltmethode ergänzt wurden.Für die Passivierungsstrommengen wurden Werte gefunden, die von den bisher bekannten erheblich abweichen. Die neu ermittelten Werte lassen sich in Abhängigkeit von Cr-Gehalt der Legierungen durch eine Näherungsformel berechnen. Neben der „primären“ konnte im Konzentrationsbereich von etwa 10 bis 40% Cr auch die „sekundäre“ Passivierung beobachtet werden, für die ebenfalls das die Passivierung kennzeichnende Strom(i)-Zeit(t)-Gesetz (i-i0) = const. gilt. Wegen der starken Abhängigkeit dieses Vorganges von pH-Wert des Elektrolyten und der Anwesenheit von Komplexbildnern wird zu dessen Erklärung die hyrolysebedingte Bildung einer zweiten Passivschicht vor geschlagen.Es wird angenommen, daß die Legierungen im „primärpassiven“ Zustand mit einer sehr dünnen Schicht belegt sind, die mit derjenigen des passiven Chroms vergleichbar ist und auf der sich bei der „sekundären“ Passivierung eine dickere zweite Schicht aufbaut die einer Eisenpassivschicht ähnelt.Im primärpassiven Gebiet werden die Legierungen auf der ganzen Fläche anodisch aufgelöst, während im sekundärpassiven Bereich starke Lochfraßbildung beobachtet wird.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Calcium Isotope Separation and Reaction Enthalpy. Calcium Isotope Separation and Determination of Reaction Enthalpy in Ion Exchange Using a Strongly Acidic Cation Exchange ResinIn the system of a strongly acidic cation exchanger/BaCl2 solution the isotope separation between 40Ca2+ and 48Ca2+ is investigated using column experiments. 48Ca2+ is enriched in the solution phase whereas 40Ca2+ is enriched in the resin phase. A strong dependence of the isotope separation effect on the concentration of the BaCl2 solution is found. The isotope separation increases with decreasing concentration. The isotope separation also depends on temperature: the isotope separation effect increases with decreasing temperature. A ΔH-value of  - 5.8 J/mol is determined for the calcium isotope exchange reaction.
    Notes: In säulenchromatographischen Versuchen wird im System stark saurer Kationenaustauscher/BaCl2-Lösung die Isotopenseparation zwischen 40Ca2+ und 48Ca2+ untersucht. 48Ca2+ reichert sich dabei in der Lösung des Systems an. Eine starke Abhängigkeit des Isotopentrenneffekts von der Konzentration des Fremdelektrolyten BaCl2 ist zu beobachten, wobei die Isotopenseparation bei niedrigerer Konzentration zunimmt. Desgleichen erhöht sich der Trenneffekt mit fallender Temperatur. Für die Calciumisotopenaustauschreaktion wird ein ΔH-Wert von  - 5,8 J/mol bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 25 (1974), S. 906-909 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mechanism of the electropolishing of molybdenum in nonaqueous electrolytesMeasurements carried out on molybdenum electrodes in solutions of magnesium per-chlorate and lithium chloride in ethanol dimethylsulphoxide and dimethyl form-amide have shown that the metal can be electropolished in solutions containing perchlorate. The formal valency (nformal) of the molybdenum dissolution in the electropolishing region, as determined from the weight loss of the electrode and the charge transferred is 3≤n formal≤ 2,75.
    Notes: Es wurden Messungen an Molybdänelektroden in Lösungen von Magnesiumperchlorat und Lithiumchlorid in Äthanol, Dimethylsulfoxid und Dimethylformamid durchgeführt.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 22 (1971), S. 115-120 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Electrochemical studies on molybdenumThe authors show, that the power law found during earlier measurements is valid for at least five decimal powers of the time. The correlation derived from potentiostatic switch-in measurements has been confirmed by galvanostatic tests. The results give rise to the assumption that the kinetic law has its origin in the rates of the reactions resulting in metal dissolution. In order to elucidate these reactions a triangle potential method has been used. The findings enable a first suggestion to be made as to the reaction sequence.
    Notes: Es wird gezeigt, daß das aus früheren Messungen gefundene Potenzgesetz wenigstens über fünf Zehnerpotenzen der Zeit gültig ist. Der aus potentionstatischen Einschaltmessungen hergeleitete Zusammenhang wurde durch galvanostatische Versuche bestätigt. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, daß das Zeitgesetz seinen Ursprung im Ablauf der zur Metallauflösung führenden Reaktionen hat. Zur Klärung dieser Reaktionen wurde die Dreiecksspannungsmethode angewendet. Der Meßbefund erlaubt es, einen ersten Vorschlag über die Reaktionsfolge zu machen.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 92 (1980), S. 406-407 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: No Abstract.Das vollständige Manuskript dieser Zuschrift erscheint in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1982, 922-928
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 83 (1971), S. 908-908 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 19 (1980), S. 406-407 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: No Abstract.The complete manuscript of this communication appears in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1982, 922. DOI:10.1002/anie.198209220
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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