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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (427)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (427)
  • 1980-1984  (300)
  • 1970-1974  (96)
  • 1960-1964  (31)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physicochemical properties of 21S dynein ATPase binding to A and B subfiber microtubules (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 2 (1982), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970020722
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meeting report (1980)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 1 (1980), S. 159-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970010112
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoplasmic transport in keratocytes: Direct visualization of particle translocation along microtubules (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 3 (1983), S. 1-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cytoplasmic transport ; Saltation ; microtubules ; keratocytes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We report the first direct demonstration that the cytoplasmic transport of organelles and vesicles (collectively called particles) takes place along microtubules. Living keratocytes from the corneal stroma of the frog, Rana pipiens, were observed with Allen video-enhanced constrast, differential interference constrast (AVEC-DIC) microscopy [Allen et al, 1981]. In sufficiently thin regions of these cells a network of linear elements was visible. When particles were observed in motion, they always moved along these linear elements. The linear elements remained intact and in focus on the microscope when lysed in a cell lysis solution that stabilized microtubules. Preparations were then fixed in formaldehyde, washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), incubated with rabbit antitubulin, washed with PBS, stained with rhodamine-conjugated goat antirabbit, and washed with PBS. The extracted cells continued to remain in place and in focus on the microscope throughout these procedures. The same cells were then observed using epifluorescence optics and a silicon-intensified target (SIT) video camera. A network of fluorescent linear elements was seen to correspond in number, form, and position to the linear elements seen in the live AVEC-DIC image. Taken together, the AVEC-DIC and fluorescence microscopy observations prove that the linear elements along which particles move are microtubules (MTLEs). The observed particle speeds, pause times, and distances moved varied widely, even for the same particle on the same microtubule. Particles were also observed to switch from one microtubule to another as they were transported. The polarity of the microtubules did not seem to affect the particle direction, since particles were observed to move in both directions on the same MTLE. When not in motion these particles behaved as if anchored to the microtubules since they showed negligible Brownian motion. Finally, it was observed that an elongate particle could move onto two intersecting linear elements such that it was deformed into an inverted “Y” shape. This indicates that there may be more than a single site of attachment between the force generator and the particle.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970030102
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physarum myosin light chain binds calcium (1980)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 1 (1980), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Physarum polycephalum ; myosin light chains ; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; calcium ; cytoplasmic streaming ; actomyosin ATPase regulation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Myosin from the slime mold Physarum polycephalum contains three sizes of polypeptides: a heavy chain and two light chains, LC-1 and LC-2. Using a simple qualitative test for calcium binding by comparing electrophoretic migration of the polypeptides in sodium dodecy1 sulfate (SDS) acrylamide gels in the presence and absence of calcium, we have found that Physarum myosin light chain LC-2 migrates with an apparent molecular weight of 16,900 daltons in the presence of the metal ion chelator ethylene glycol bis (B-aminoethyl ether) N,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA). However, if calcium chloride is added to the sample prior to electrophoresis, the apparent molecular weight decreases to 16,100. Lanthanide and cadmium ions, but not magnesium, can substitute for calcium. Because the ionic radii of Ca2+, La3+, and Cd2+ are almost identical, we conclude that Physarum myosin LC-2 possesses a very size-specific binding site for calcium. Physarum myosin LC-1 and the heavy chain give no evidence for binding calcium by this test. Since cytoplasmic streaming in the plasmodium of Physarum requires calcium, our evidence indicates that the calcium-binding property of Physarum myosin LC-2 may be important in regulating the production of force by actomyosin in the ectoplasm. Unexpectedly, the myosin light chain in Physarum capable of binding calcium, LC-2, is the essential light chain, while LC-1 is a member of the regulatory class of myosin light chains [V. T. Nachmias, personal communication]. Until now, essential myosin light chains have not been shown to have high affinity divalent cation binding sites. This means a new version of the myosin-based model for actomyosin regulation by calcium may be required to explain cytoplasmic movement in Physarum, and perhaps in other motile systems involving cytoplasmic myosins as well.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970010106
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of the photosynthetic membranes of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides (1983)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 22 (1983), S. 15-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides ; photosynthetic membrane synthesis ; cell cycle ; freeze fracture ; macromolecule distribution ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The steady-state biosynthesis of the photosynthetic membrane (ICM) of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides has been reviewed. At moderate light intensities, 500 ft-c, preexisting ICM serves as the insertion matrix for newly synthesized membrane components. Whereas the bulk of the membrane protein, protein-pigment complexes, and pigments are inserted into preexisting ICM throughout the cell cycle, phospholipid is transferred from outside the ICM to the ICM only at the time of cell division. Because the site of cellular phospholipid synthesis is the cytoplasmic membrane, these results infer that despite the physical continuity of cytoplasmic membrane and ICM, there must exist between these membranous domains a “barrier” to the free diffusion of cellular phospholipid. The cyclical alternation in protein to phospholipid ratio of the ICM infers major structural and functional alternations, such as changes in the protein to lipid ratio of the membrane, specific density of the membrane, lipid structure within the membrane, and the rate of cyclic electron flow. When biochemical studies are correlated with detailed electron microscopic investigations we can further conclude that the number of photosynthetic units within the plane of the membrane can vary by nearly a factor of two over the course of the cell cycle. The average physical size of the photosynthetic units is constant for a given light intensity but inversely proportional to light intensity. The distribution of photosynthetic unit size classes within the membrane can be interpreted as suggesting that the “core” of the photosynthetic unit (reaction center plus fixed antenna complex) is inserted into the membrane coordinately as a structural entity. The variable antenna complex is, on the other hand, inserted independent of the “core” and randomly associates with both old and new core complexes. Finally, we conclude that there is substantial substructure to the distribution of photosynthetic units within the ICM, ie, they are highly ordered and exist in a defined spatial orientation to one another.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240220103
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative studies on human placental insulin and basic somatomedin receptors (1982)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 20 (1982), S. 283-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: insulin receptor ; basic somatomedin receptor ; human placenta ; peptide maps ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The disuccinimidy! suberate, affinity-labeling procedure, and proteolytic mapping techniques have been employed to characterize further the human placental receptors for insulin and basic somatomedin. Electrophoretic analysis of the basic somatomedin receptor, selectively crosslinked to 125I basic somatomedin in the presence of excess native insulin revealed, under reducing conditions, major labeled constituents of 270-280 and 125-140 kd, substantiating our previous work employing a photoaffinity labeling reagent. Affinity labeling also demonstrated the presence of less intensely labeled components with apparent molecular weights of 40 and 45 kd but failed to reveal a distinct 90- to 100-kd species observed in parallel experiments with insulin. In the absence of β-mercaptoethanol, all components specifically labeled with 125I basic somatomedin migrated in the 300- to 400-kd range. In comparison, selective affinity labeling of the insulin receptor in the presence of excess native basic somatomedin revealed components, upon electrophoresis under reducing conditions, with apparent molecular weights of 270-280, 125-140, 90-100, and 40 kd. The major insulin-labeled component (125-140 kd) comigrated with the major constituent (125-140 kd) selectively labeled with basic somatomedin. When digestion was performed prior to solubilization, chymotryptic and tryptic proteolysis of the membrane-localized selectively labeled insulin, and basic somatomedin receptors yielded quite similar gel electrophoretic maps. However, when digestion was done subsequent to solubilization, chymotryptic and tryptic proteolysis of selectively labeled insulin and basic somatomedin receptors solubilized in SDS yielded similar but not identical gel electrophoretic maps. We conclude that the receptors for basic somatomedin and insulin are highly homologous structures with respect to their disulfide crosslinked composition, and with respect to the size of the major components detected by selective affinity-labeling procedures. Nevertheless, the detection of electrophoretically distinct labeled receptor components upon analysis of specifically labeled intact or proteolytically digested receptors points to subtle differences between the polypeptide compositions of the two receptors.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240200308
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competitive in vivo proliferation of foetal and adult haematopoietic cells in lethally irradiated mice (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 79 (1972), S. 293-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The relative proliferative capacity of haematopoietic cell populations derived from 22-week-old adult bone marrow and 14-18 day foetal liver has been studied in lethally irradiated syngeneic recipients by means of chromosome markers. Although starting at a disadvantage in terms of the number of colony-forming units (stem cells) injected, the foetal liver-derived populations steadily increased their relative numbers in the myeloid and lymphoid tissues over a period of several weeks until a plateau was reached. It is suggested that stem cells in foetal liver have, on average, a higher intrinsic capacity for self-renewal than do those in bone marrow, and that this capacity falls to the adult level within about ten weeks of transfer.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040790214
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphopoiesis in the rat. II. The effect of thymectomySupported by grant IC-18A from the American Cancer Society, grant AI-08642 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease and grant 211-12-E(13) from the National Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease Association, Inc. (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 80 (1972), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Lymphopoiesis with respect to recirculating and non-recirculating small lymphocytes was measured simultaneously in rats thymectomized as adults. Removal of the thymus at four to five weeks of age had a profound inhibitory effect upon the production of recirculating cells, whereas the formation of non-recirculating lymphocytes was only slightly depressed. Thymectomy had approximately the same impact of lymphopoiesis as thymectomy and exposure of the animal to a large dose of whole body X- and γ-irradiation. The latter finding, and the failure of a thoracic duct cell transfusion to augment lymphocyte production, accord with the view that the thymus is the principle intermediate source of recirculating small lymphocytes in the normal, unstimulated animal.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040800103
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphopoiesis in the rat. I. The effect of pool size on lymphocyte productionSupported by grant IC-18A from the American Cancer Society, grant AI-08642 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease and grant 211-12-E(13) from the National Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease Association, Inc. (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 80 (1972), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A method is described for measuring lymphopoiesis that enables the production of recirculating and non-recirculating small lymphocytes to be estimated simultaneously. Using this technique, experiments were undertaken to determine whether the production of recirculating cells is influenced by the number present in the recirculating lymphocyte pool. The results suggest that neither a massive lymphocyte transfusion nor depletion of the pool by whole body irradiation or chronic lymph drainage affect the rate at which recirculating small lymphocytes are generated.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040800102
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium-mediated effects of calcitonin on cyclic AMP formation and lymphoblast proliferation in thymocyte populations exposed to prostaglandin E1Issued as NRCC 12843. (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 80 (1972), S. 315-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The calcitonin (SCT) from salmon ultimobranchial bodies which (like mammalian calcitonins) lowers the plasma calcium concentration in mammals can also affect cyclic AMP (cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate) metabolism and proliferation of lymphoblasts in normal and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1)-treated rat thymocyte populations in three different ways. In the first case, low concentrations (0.5-5.0 ng per milliliter) of SCT lower (by a calcium-mediated process) the ability of PGE1 to transiently increase cyclic AMP synthesis, but the reduced surge of cyclic AMP production is still ample to stimulate lymphoblasts in the cell population to initiate deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis. Secondly, these low SCT concentrations affect the eventual progression of the PGE1-stimulated, DNA-synthesizing lymphoblasts into mitosis by a calcium-mediated process. Depending on the extracellular calcium concentration and the magnitude of the initial increment in the intracellular cyclic AMP content, SCT can either promote or inhibit the progression of the stimulated cells into mitosis. SCT's third action is a rapid (within 5 minutes), calcium-independent elevation of the cellular cyclic AMP content in otherwise untreated thymic lymphocyte populations exposed to a very high concentration (100 ng per milliliter) of the hormone. This early, transient rise in the cyclic AMP level is followed by a calcium-dependent increase in lymphoblast proliferation. An attempt is made to interrelate and explain the different actions of SCT on cyclic AMP metabolism and mitogenesis.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040800302
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