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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (36)
  • SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE  (28)
  • AEROSPACE MEDICINE  (26)
  • 1980-1984  (37)
  • 1975-1979  (53)
  • 1
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    The adaptation of vestibulo-spinal reflexes as a function of spaceflight and their relationship to space motion sickness (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The hypothesis that exposure to prolonged free fall is a form of sensorymotor rearrangement rather than a direct change in otolith sensitivity or sensory compensation for a reduced otolith input is discussed. Data from Spacelab-1 experiment 1NS-104 are presented to support an otolith reinterpretation hypothesis. This experiment measured vestibulo-spinal reflex changes as a function of sustained free fall. Findings indicate that when a monosynaptic reflex (H-reflex), measured from the major postural muscles (soleus) is used, adaptation to space flight includes a change in how the central nervous system interprets a fall. In a normal gravity environment a sudden unexpected fall produces a potentiated H-reflex. After 7 days inflight, an equivalent fall does not potentiate the reflex. Postflight a greatly increased reflex is observed in those crewmen most susceptible to space motion sickness.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: ESA Life Sci. Res. in Space; p 237-245
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  • 2
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    Fitness variables and the lipid profile in United States astronauts (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The study examines the relationship between several measures of fitness and the lipid profile in United States astronauts. Data were collected on 89 astronauts, previously selected (PSA) and newly selected (NSA), during their annual physical examinations. Several similarities were seen in the two groups. The PSA (mean age of 46.1) had a lower maximum oxygen capacity (41.7 ml kg/min vs. 47.5 ml kg/min); when adjusted for age, it was no different from the NSA (mean age 33.5). The PSA had similar body composition with 15.7% - lower than expected for age. The lipid profiles of the two groups were basically the same with the differences being a function of age. Compared to a normative population, the astronauts had similar cholesterols, lower triglycerides, and higher HDLs. The astronaut profiles were generally more favorable than the age-matched controls, which is felt to be a result of the self-supervised conditioning program and annual preventive medicine consultation and education.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
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  • 3
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    Space station needs, attributes and architectural options: Architectural options and selection (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The approach, study results, and recommendations for defining and selecting space station architectural options are described. Space station system architecture is defined as the arrangement of elements (manned and unmanned on-orbit facilities, shuttle vehicles, orbital transfer vehicles, etc.), the number of these elements, their location (orbital inclination and altitude, and their functional performance capability, power, volume, crew, etc.). Architectural options are evaluated based on the degree of mission capture versus cost and required funding rate. Mission capture refers to the number of missions accommodated by the particular architecture.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: NASA-CR-173694 , NAS 1.26:173694 , MDC-H0537
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Thermal support for scale support (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The thermal design work completed for the Thermal Protection System (TPS) of the Space Shuttle System (TPS) of the space shuttle vehicle was documented. This work was divided into three phases, the first two of which reported in previous documents. About 22 separate tasks were completed in phase III, such as: hot gas facility (HGF) support, guarded tank support, shuttle external tank (ET) thermal design handbook support, etc.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: NASA-CR-144185 , LMSC-HREC-TR-D496704
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    A microprocessor-based cardiotachometer (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The development of a highly accurate and reliable cardiotachometer for measuring the heart rate of test subjects is discussed. It measures heart rate over the range of 30 to 250 beats/minute and gives instantaneous (beat to beat) updates on the system output so that occasional noise artifacts or ectopic beats could be more easily identified except that occasional missed beats caused by switching ECG leads should not cause a change in the output. The cardiotachometer uses an improved analog filter and R-wave detector and an Intel 8080A microprocessor to handle all of the logic and arithmetic necessary. By using the microprocessor, future hardware modifications could easily be made if functional changes were needed.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: NASA-CR-160607
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Annihilation of angular momentum drift during spinning-up and thrusting maneuvers of rigid bodies (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A very simple, yet accurate, heuristic solution for the spiral path of the angular momentum vector during spin-up and spin-down maneuvers of rigid body spacecraft is presented. A two-burn scheme is proposed consisting of a burn, a coast, and a second burn of the spin thruster. The appropriate burn times are found by a transcendental equation similar to Kepler's equation. Numerical results verify the accuracy of the burn, coast, and burn times given by closed form expressions. The scheme can also be applied to the problem of axial thrusting during constant spin.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: AAS PAPER 83-408
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  • 7
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    Quaternions for Galileo scan platform control (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The application of quaternions for the articulation control of the Galileo scan platform is presented in this paper. The purpose of selecting quaternions is to minimize onboard computation time and program size. Attention has been focused on performing inertial pointing while the spacecraft is in a dual spin configuration. Target quaternion and relative target quaternion are introduced and used to specify the target position of the scan platform for point-to-point absolute slews and mosaic relative slews, respectively. The pointing error of the platform is represented by an error quaternion which is converted into gimbal angular errors defining the attitude change. For path control, a moving target quaternion is generated; the corresponding tracking error quaternion and the related spacecraft motion compensation capability are also addressed. A sample slew case is used to demonstrate the implementation of these concepts.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: AAS PAPER 83-321
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  • 8
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    Inertial attitude determination for a dual-spin planetary spacecraft (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Previously cited in issue 21, p. 3639, Accession no. A81-44132
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics (ISSN 0731-5090); 6; 491-498
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  • 9
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    Phenomenology of surface arcs on spacecraft dielectric materials (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: For electron beam incidence on large specimens of Kapton thermal blanket material, surface arc discharges are shown to cause damage consisting of punchthrough holes which act as focal points for other types of damage, including subsurface tunnels, blowout holes and surface breakup. Under electron bombardment, dielectric sheet specimens separated by a gap are shown to discharge simultaneously. Teflon specimens which have been brushed or rubbed are shown to exhibit directional guidance of discharge arcs, and this phenomenon has been used to generate straight arcs whose velocities have been measured optically.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: in ESA Spacecraft Mater. in a Space Environ.; p 263-268
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  • 10
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    In-flight gyro drift rate calibration on the Viking Orbiters (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The drift rates of the attitude control gyros onboard the Viking Orbiters were calibrated several times during flight. The calibration was performed by engaging the gyro control of attitude for a six-hour period, recording the Viking Orbiter coordinates of the sun and the roll reference star as a function of time, and processing these data by a computer program. The computer program calculated drift rates for each data increment, and then smoothed the calculated rate versus the time function for all the data on the basis of a Gauss-Markov gyro-drift model. The effects of data noise were minimized by using a relatively long time constant in the Gauss-Markov model and by empirically determining a set of corrections for celestial inertial scale factor error differences. In this way the rms error of the data fit was lessened.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: Astrodynamics Specialist Conference; Sept. 7-9, 1977; Jackson Hole, WY; US
    Format: text
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