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  • Bone  (29)
  • Springer  (29)
  • American Chemical Society
  • 1980-1984  (16)
  • 1975-1979  (13)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (29)
  • American Chemical Society
Years
Year
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Density and composition of trabecular and cortical bone in perinatally irradiated beagles with chronic renal failure (1977)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 24 (1977), S. 99-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Density ; Composition ; Renal osteodystrophy ; Dogs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Bone density and composition were studied in trabecular and cortical bone from control 2 and 4 year old beagles and those which had various degrees of renal failure as a result of perinatal irradiation. Changes in the two types of bone were qualitatively similar but consistently greater in trabecular bone. In a group identified as markedly uremic, the decrease (P〈0.025) from control levels in specific gravity was about 4 times greater in trabecular than in cortical samples. The decrease (P〈0.025) in grams of ash/ml was 9% in trabecular bone and 2% in cortical bone. These changes were associated with an increase (P〈0.001) in water content and, on a percent by volume basis, approximately equal decreases in ash (P〈0.025) and combustible matter (P〈0.025). In a mildly uremic group there were similar trends in mean values but the only significant difference was an increase (P〈0.001) in trabecular bone water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02223302
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface area of dental enamel, bone, and hydroxyapatite: Chemisorption from solution (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 26 (1978), S. 139-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Chemisorption ; Surface area ; Hydroxyapatite ; Bone ; Enamel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The surface areas of three different samples of hydroxyapatite, samples of deproteinized bone, and samples of whole and deproteinized enamel were determined by adsorption of an adduct (the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with N-phenylglycine) from methylene chloride solution. In all cases, the surface areas of these samples agree well with those obtained by the BET (N2) method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02013248
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noninvasive measures of bone bending rigidity in the monkey (M. nemestrina) (1979)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 109-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Bending rigidity ; Disuse atrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The in vivo bending rigidity and bone mineral content of monkey ulnae and tibiae were measured. Bending rigidity in the anteroposterior plane was measured by an impedance probe technique. Forced vibrations of the bones were induced with an electromechanical shaker, and force and velocity at the driving point were determined. The responses over the range of 100–250 Hz were utilized to compute the bending rigidity. Bone mineral content in the cross section was determined by a photon absorption technique. Seventeen male monkeys (Macaca nemestrina) weighing 6–14 kg were evaluated. Repeatability of the rigidity measures was 4%. Bone mineral content was measured with a precision of 3.5%. Bending rigidity was correlated with the mineral content of the cross section,r=0.899. Two monkeys were evaluated during prolonged hypodynamic restraint. Restraint produced regional losses of bone most obviously in the proximal tibia. Local bone mineral content declines 17 to 24% and the average bending rigidity declines 12 to 22%. Changes in bones leading to a reduction in mineral content and stiffness are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441171
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The calciuria of increased fixed acid production in humans: Evidence against a role for parathyroid hormone and 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D (1979)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 28 (1979), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcium ; PTH ; 1,25(OH)2D ; Acid ; Bone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary We measured mineral and acid balances, serum iPTH, urinary cAMP/creatinine, and plasma concentrations of 25OHD and 1,25(OH)2D in 7 healthy adults during control conditions and during increased fixed acid production achieved either by the administration of NH4Cl (N=3) or by increased dietary protein intake (N=4). When acid production was increased, the subjects were in positive acid balance and negative Ca balance because of increased urinary Ca excretion. Serum iPTH fell slightly but urinary cAMP and the plasma levels of vitamin D metabolites did not change. We conclude that the accelerated skeletal and urinary losses of Ca that occur when fixed acid production is increased are not contributed to nor compensated for by the parathyroid-vitamin D endocrine systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441241
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake and loss of plutonium from osteoclasts and macrophages in the mandibular condyle of the rat (1980)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 30 (1980), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Osteoclasts ; Macrophage ; Resorption ; Plutonium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Female rats were used to study the kinetics of plutonium transfer from the bone surfaces of the mandibular condyle to osteoclasts and macrophages. This study was made using autoradiographs prepared from plastic sections of the mineralized bones of animals which had been injected with241 Pu citrate. Measurements of the concentration of plutonium in the osteoclasts and macrophages at different times after the injection of plutonium showed that plutonium was concentrated by osteoclasts from bone surfaces and was retained with a half-time of ∼ 70 h. Subsequently, plutonium appeared to be transferred to macrophages. The results showed that plutonium was unlikely to be accumulated by macrophages as a result of their participation in bone resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02408601
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histological observations on the failure of rachitic rat bones to respond to 1,25/OH)2D3 (1980)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 31 (1980), S. 215-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; 1,25(OH)2D3 ; 25OHD3 ; Histology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Rachitic rats, maintained on diets with low or normal P contents, were given daily intraperitoneal doses of 1,25(OH)2D3 or 25OHD3 at levels of 100 or 200 ng. Plasma chemistry was measured and the ash content and histological appearance of the bones investigated. Using labeled material it was shown that the dosing levels of 1,25(OH)2D3 employed ensured a higher than normal plasma concentration of that metabolite over the period between doses. 1,25(OH)2D3 was not as effective as 25OHD3 in raising bone ash or reducing the amount of osteoid. The difference between the effects of the metabolites was evident at both dietary P levels, but more marked at the higher P level. In contrast, the metabolites reduced the width of the epiphyseal plate to an approximately similar degree, and this is possibly the reason why there are discrepancies between previous reports of the effectiveness of 1,25(OH)2D3 compared with 25OHD3 or vitamin D3. Dosing with 1,25(OH)2D3 failed to maintain a constant plasma Pi value over the period between doses in animals fed the low P diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02407184
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray diffraction studies of the crystallinity of bone mineral in newly synthesized and density fractionated bone (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 202-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Mineral ; Crystallinity ; Maturation ; Age
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The crystallinity of bone mineral at different stages of maturation has been measured by quantitative X-ray diffraction methods. Crystallinity measurements were made on tibial middiaphyses from 17-day embryonic chicks, newlyformed periosteal bone from embryonic chicks, and density-fractionated bone from post-hatch chickens from 5 weeks to 2 years of age. For a given animal age and degree of mineralization, crystallinity increases with animal age, indicating that changes in bone mineral occur even after mineralization is complete or nearly complete.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405032
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can strains give adequate information for adaptive bone remodeling? (1984)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 36 (1984), S. S118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Strain ; Remodeling ; Adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary For bone to remodel adaptively, the cells responsible should follow some algorithm. Nine different loading situations and structures are discussed. It seems that either algorithm must be extremely complex, or cells in different structures must follow different algorithms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02406144
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Density of a sample bovine cortical bone matrix and its solid constituent in various media (1981)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 33 (1981), S. 499-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Collagen ; Density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The density of a bovine cortical bone matrix sample was found in water, several ethanol-water solutions, and in the dried state. Previously the density of the same mineralized bone was found fresh and when desiccated. The volume in each state was estimated from the dimensional changes axially, tangentially, and radially. Confirmation was found by determining the density of dried specimens upon immersion in xylene. The amount of imbibed xylene provided an estimate of the free pore volume in the dried matrix. The volume fraction of the solid constituent, S, in the wet matrix was found to be 0.57, from which the density of S in various solutions was calculated. Density of wet matrix in 0.15 M saline: 1.180 g/cc; for dried matrix, 1.246 g/cc. Density of wet S in saline: 1.33 g/cc; for dried S, 1.42 g/cc, which matches published values for collagen molecules. Dimensional changes between wet and dried state of matrix match published values for artificially cross-linked rat tail tendon fibers. Axially: 1.04, by area: 2.27; by volume: 2.62. Estimate of intrafibrillar volume, assuming 80% of mineral is within fibrils: 0.73 cc/g dry collagen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409480
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiographic evidence of disuse osteoporosis in the monkey (M. nemestrina) (1981)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 33 (1981), S. 631-639 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Osteopenia ; Noninvasive monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Radiological techniques were utilized for monitoring progressive changes in compact bone in the tibia of monkeys during experimentally induced osteopenia. Bone mass loss in the tibia during restraint was evaluated from radiographs, from bone mineral analysis, and from images reconstructed from gamma ray computerized tomography. The losses during 6 months of restraint tended to occur predominantly in the proximal tibia and were characterized by subperiosteal bone loss, intracortical striations, and scalloped endosteal surfaces. Bone mineral content in the cross section of the tibia declined 17–21%. Tomography demonstrated endosteal widening and reduced mineral content per unit of thickness of cortical bone. In 6 months of recovery, the mineral content of the proximal tibia remained depressed. Effects of the dynamic environment on local-regional changes in various skeletal areas are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409501
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