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  • SPACE RADIATION  (33)
  • Drug Tolerance  (1)
  • 1980-1984  (12)
  • 1975-1979  (16)
  • 1970-1974  (6)
  • 1820-1829
  • 1
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    Effect of beta-endorphin on calcium uptake in the brain (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: The uptake of 45Ca2+ by nerve-ending fractions from brains of mice was inhibited in vitro by 10(-9)M concentrations of beta-endorphin and in mice injected intraventricularly with 7 picomoles of beta-endorphin. That the effect was a specific opiate agonist response of beta-endorphin was demonstrated by use of the opiate antagonist, naloxone, which reversed the action. A role for beta-endorphin in the regulation of calcium flux and neurotransmitter release should be considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guerrero-Munoz, F -- de Lourdes Guerrero, M -- Way, E L -- Li, C H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):89-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Tolerance ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Rats ; Synaptosomes/*drug effects/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    A quantitative test of solar modulation theory - The proton, helium, and electron spectra from 1965 through 1979 (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The predictions of a conventional, spherically symmetric model of solar modulation have been compared with the measured spectra of positively and negatively charged galactic cosmic-ray particles at 1 AU throughout the 1965-1976 solar cycle and through the enhanced modulation of 1979. For the proton/helium, proton/electron, and helium/electron flux ratios, there is remarkably good agreement between theory and experiment, except for small differences in 1965 and 1969. Possible systematic experimental errors are discussed, and it is concluded that: (1) the 11 year modulation process is largely independent of the sign of the particle charge; and (2) the assumption of steady state is a fairly good approximation for long term modulation.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters to the Editor (ISSN 0004-637X); 275; L15-L18
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    The path-length distribution for galactic cosmic-ray propagation - An energy-dependent depletion of short path lengths (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: It is shown that at low energies, the depletion of short path lengths in the interstellar cosmic-ray path-length distribution is a function of energy, decreasing in magnitude with increasing energy. The analysis leading to this conclusion is based on the comparison of compiled data for the B/C and sub-Fe/Fe ratios at 0.08-50 GeV per nucleon, with the results of detailed galactic propagation and solar modulation calculations, which include experimental values for the important nuclear cross sections. This energy dependence of the depletion resolves some of the conflicts between previous reports on the question of short path lengths and may be explained by models including a matter distribution around discrete sources or, possibly, by models invoking waves generated by particle-magnetic field interactions in the Galaxy.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters to the Editor (ISSN 0004-637X); 280; L13-L17
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    The age of the galactic cosmic rays derived from the abundance of Be-10 (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Satellite measurements of the abundance of the Be-10 isotope in galactic cosmic rays are used to determine the cosmic-ray lifetime for escape. The data are analyzed by employing a technique based on an extensive calibration of a cosmic-ray telescope with the aid of high-energy Be beams accelerated in a bevatron. It is found that the Be-10/Be abundance ratio at 80 MeV/nucleon is 0.028 + or - 0.104. A comparison of this result with calculations based on a homogeneous steady-state model of galactic cosmic-ray confinement and propagation yields an average interstellar density of 0.18 (+0.18, -0.11) atom/cu cm and a corresponding cosmic-ray lifetime of 17 (+24, -8) million years after solar modulation is taken into account. The low average density traversed by the cosmic rays is shown to suggest that the particles may be spending the major part of their existence in regions of very low matter density. The consequences of these results are discussed for models of cosmic-ray propagation in the Galaxy, including such alternatives as propagation in a galactic halo or in regions of interstellar space where the interstellar gas density is very low.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 217
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    A new test for solar modulation theory - The 1972 May-July low-energy galactic cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 182; June 1
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    The anomalous He-4 component in the cosmic-ray spectrum at below approximately 50 MeV per nucleon during 1972-1974 (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 202; Nov. 15
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  • 7
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    The cosmic-ray age deduced from the Be-10 abundance (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Satellite measurements of the radioactive cosmic-ray species Be-10 are reported. The abundance was measured near 100 MeV per nucleon with high-resolution solid-state telescopes on the IMP-7 and IMP-8 satellites during 1973 and 1974. These two independent measurements yield Be-10/Be ratios of less than 10 percent. Taken together with a galactic propagation model, these results show that the cosmic-ray 'clock' lifetime (most probable value of the order of 20 million years) is significantly greater than that deduced for a nominal interstellar gas density of the order of 1 to 3 atoms per cu cm.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 201; Nov. 1
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  • 8
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    New aspects of the cosmic-ray modulation in 1974-1975 near solar minimum (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Residual cosmic-ray modulation at or near the solar minima of 1965 and 1972-75 is compared on the basis of ground-based and satellite observations of nonrelativistic proton and helium components as well as variations in the relativistic component. It is found that the nonrelativistic fluxes lagged behind the high-energy fluxes to form a hysteresis loop over the period from 1965 to 1973, that the 1975 proton fluxes were about 85% higher than the 1972 level and about 35% higher than the 1965 level, and that the 1975 helium fluxes were about 60% higher than in 1965. Some unique recovery events are discussed, and a time-lag effect dependent on magnetic rigidity is examined which was associated with dynamic changes in the heliosphere. A qualitative explanation is offered for the hysteresis effect.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 213
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    The fluorine abundance in the galactic cosmic radiation. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 182; May 15
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  • 10
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    The isotopic composition of galactic cosmic-ray lithium, beryllium, and boron (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The isotopes of cosmic-ray Li, Be, and B near 100 MeV per nucleon have been measured with cosmic-ray telescopes on board the IMP-7 and IMP-8 satellites during 1973 and 1974. The measured isotopic abundances provide a stringent test for models of interstellar propagation and solar modulation. It is found that the isotopic abundances can be explained using a steady-state interstellar propagation model with a 5-g/sq cm leakage mean free path. These results, taken along with Be-10 abundance measurements, indicate a longer lifetime for cosmic rays than that predicted by the usual assumption of an average interstellar density of 1 to 3 atoms per cu cm.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 201; Nov. 1
    Format: text
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