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  • 1985-1989  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of chain dynamics and counterion relaxation in semidilute polyelectrolyte solutions (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 93 (1989), S. 5284-5291 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100350a048
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Egg laying inAplysia (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 164 (1989), S. 835-847 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Aplysia egg laying is a complex sequence of head and neck movements initiated by the release of ovulatory and neuroactive hormones from the neurosecretory bag cells. This behavioral pattern is difficult to study in reduced preparations, because they do not show ovulation or egg laying behaviors. This paper describes the use of chronically implanted electrodes to elicit normal neurosecretory activity and provides an analysis of egg laying behaviors and the underlying muscle activity in intact, freely behavingA. californica andA. brasiliana. 1. Bag cell discharges elicited with a fine wire electrode implanted in the connective tissue sheath above the cell bodies were typically without noxious behavioral side effects. 2. Following selectively elicited bag cell discharges, egg laying consisted of four rhythmic head and neck movements that were separated functionally into appetitive behaviors (‘waves’ and ‘undulations’) used to explore and prepare the substrate and consummatory behaviors (‘weaves’ and ‘tamps’) used to distribute and attach the egg string. The amount of time an animal performed consummatory behaviors was positively related to the amount of eggs deposited. By contrast, the appetitive phase of egg laying was independent of the size of the egg mass. 3. The individual behaviors and their temporal sequence were similar following selectively elicited bag cell discharges, spontaneous discharges of animals with implanted electrodes and during normal egg laying of unoperated animals. 4. Three longitudinal muscle systems occurred within the head and neck. Following a selectively elicited bag cell discharge, spatially and temporally coordinated patterns of EJP bursts of different durations were recorded chronically from each muscle group. These EJP patterns were characteristic for specific head and neck movements used in appetitive and consummatory egg laying behaviors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616755
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Egg laying inAplysia (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 164 (1989), S. 849-857 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Central pathways for bag cell activation were identified by examining the frequency of spontaneous egg laying episodes in animals with central connective lesions. Bilateral lesions of the cerebropleural (but not the cerebropedal) connectives abolished spontaneous egg laying. In contrast, bilateral lesions of all cerebral ganglion peripheral nerves did not abolish spontaneous egg laying, suggesting that sensory input to the cerebral ganglion is not necessary for activating the bag cells. 2. Backfilling either pleuroabdominal connective labelled cell bodies in the cerebral ganglia (via the ipsilateral cerebropleural connective) that could project to the bag cells. Focal extracellular stimulation of these stained clusters activated the bag cells in isolated brains. 3. Central pathways for initiating egg laying behaviors were identified by selectively eliciting bag cell discharges in animals with central connective lesions. Bilateral lesions of the cerebropedal (but not the cerebropleural) connectives completely abolished elicited egg laying behaviors. 4. Pathways for motor output during rhythmic head and neck movements were identified by eliciting bag cell discharges in animals with peripheral nerve lesions. Bilateral lesions of the four tegumentary nerves in combination with the anterior pedal nerve completely abolished elicited egg laying behaviors, indicating that these nerves are necessary for normal motor output. A normal pattern of egg laying behaviors occurred when the four tegumentary and the anterior pedal nerves were left intact and all other pedal ganglion nerves were lesioned bilaterally, indicating that these nerves are also sufficient for normal motor output. 5. We conclude that i) the cerebropleural connectives are necessary for initiation of spontaneous bag cell discharges but not egg laying behaviors, ii) the cerebropedal connectives are necessary for initiation of egg laying behaviors but not bag cell discharges, and iii) the motor output for egg laying behaviors is distributed through a limited number of pedal ganglion nerves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616756
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Passive transport of microconidia of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi in carnation after root inoculation (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 93 (1987), S. 3-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: Dianthus caryophyllus ; inoculation methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Samenvatting Inoculatie van de wortels van vatbare anjers metFusarium oxysporum f. sp.dianthi veroorzaakte de kenmerkende eenzijdige verwelking alleen als wortelbeschadigingen bij de inoculatie niet werden gecombineerd met het gebruik van een suspensie van microconidiën. Die combinatie veroorzaakte namelijk afwijkende symptomen waarbij de planten plotseling omknakten en vervolgens snel afstierven. De verwelking leek in alle gevallen veroorzaakt te worden door afbraak van het xyleem. Eenzijdige verwelking leek te volgen op spaarzame natuurlijke wortelinfecties. Bij omgeknakte planten bleek het vaatweefsel rondom in de stengel aangetast te zijn, hetgeen toegeschreven wordt aan infectie van verschillende kanten van de stengel als gevolg van passief transport van microconidiën bij de inoculatie door verscheidene beschadigde wortels direct de stengel in. Microconidiën werden binnen 24 uur 5–10(−30) cm de stengels van vatbare en resistente anjers ingezogen wanneer de wortels afgesneden en met het uiteinde in een sporensuspensie gehangen werden, maar ook wanneer de suspensie op de grond gegoten werd. Passief transport van sporen is een inoculatie-artefact dat echter belangrijke consequenties kan hebben voor de interpretatie van de resultaten van proeven. Bij de natuurlijke verspreiding vanF. oxysporum in anjers lijkt passief sporentransport van weinig belang.
    Notes: Abstract Root inoculation of susceptible carnations withFusarium oxysporum f. sp.dianthi induced characteristic unilateral wilt only if root woundings and use of a microconidial suspension had not been combined at the time of inoculation. The combination, however, induced atypical and sudden stem breaking soon followed by death. In all cases wilt was due to destruction of the xylem. Unilateral wilt appeared to follow sparse natural infection of single roots. Stem breaking was due to destruction of the vascular tissues all around the stem and is ascribed to multilateral infection caused by translocation of microconidia at inoculation through several wounded roots directly into the stem. Microconidia were carried passively 5–10(−10) cm into stems of susceptible and resistant carnations within 24 h both after immersing cut ends of the roots in a conidial suspension and after pouring a suspension on the soil. Passive spore transport is an inoculation artefact which may severely affect interpretation of experimental results; it seems to be unimportant in natural Fusarium wilt development in carnation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01998138
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    Correlation of chain dynamics and counterion relaxation in semidilute polyelectrolyte solutions (1989)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-3654
    Electronic ISSN: 1541-5740
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society
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