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  • 1985-1989  (10)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1985-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-4039
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3581
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 20 (1985), S. 589-591 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 23 (1988), S. 26-32 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The secondary α-carbomethoxybenzyl cations a and the tertiary α-carbomethoxybenzyl cations d have been generated by electron impact-induced fragmentation from appropriately α-substituted methyl phenylacetate and 2-phenylpropionates 1-4. The ions a and d are further examples of destabilized carbenium ions with a push-pull substitution at the carbenium ion centre. The characteristic reaction of these ions is a rearrangement by a 1,2-shift of the methoxy group concomitant to the elimination of CO. This rearrangement reaction is associated with a very large and non-statistical kinetic energy release (a : T 50 = 570 meV; d : T 50 = 760 meV), which is attributed to tight transition states along the reaction coordinates corresponding to the three-membered cyclic oxonium ions b and h, respectively. The tertiary ion d can be distinguished from its more stable isomers f and g by the mass-analysed ion kinetic energy and collisional activation spectra. The investigation of specifically deuterated analogues of ions d and g reveals an isomerization of d to g via a species protonated at the phenyl group but no equilibration between d and g. This isomerization exhibits a large isotope effect for the hydrogen transfer, indicating similar energy barriers for the isomerization and for the CO elimination of d.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 21 (1986), S. 673-680 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ions ap and am corresponding to protonated p- and m-methoxymethylbenzaldehydes have been generated in a mass spectrometer by electron impact fragmentation of the correspondingly substituted 1-phenylethanols (1 and 2). Metastable ions ap and am (2nd FFR of a VG-ZAB-2F mass spectrometer) react by elimination of CH3OH, loss of HCOOCH3, formation of ions CH2=OCH3 and to a small extent by loss of CH2O and CH3OCH3, respectively. The mechanisms of these reactions have been studied by extensive D-labelling, and it is shown that these fragmentations are initiated by a transfer of the proton located originally at the carbonyl group onto the aromatic ring. The formation of ions \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm CH}_2 = \mathop {{\rm OCH}_3 }\limits^ + $\end{document} and the loss of CH3OH occurs via π-and σ-complexes. The elimination of HCOOCH3 from ions ap and am corresponds to a functional group interaction between distal side chains and occurs via intermediate ion/molecule complexes formed by a protolytic cleavage of the formyl group. The loss of CH2O and CH3OCH3 proceeds also by intermediate ion/molecule complexes which are generated by a protolytic cleavage of the methoxymethyl side chain in ions ap and am.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 24 (1989), S. 398-404 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tertiary α-carbomethoxy-α,α-dimethyl-methyl cations a have been generated by electron impact induced fragmentation from the appropriately α-substituted methyl isobutyrates 1-4. The destabilized carbenium ions a can be distinguished from their more stable isomers protonated methyl methacrylate c and protonated methyl crotonate d by MIKE and CA spectra. The loss of I -  and Br· from the molecular ions of 1 and 2, respectively, predominantly gives rise to the destabilized ions a, whereas loss of Cl· from [3]+ · results in a mixture of ions a and c. The loss of CH3· from [4]+· favours skeletal rearrangement leading to ions d. The characteristic reactions of the destabilized ions a are the loss of CO and elimination of methanol. The loss of CO is associated by a very large KER and non-statistical kinetic energy release (T50 = 920 meV). Specific deuterium labelling experiments indicate that the α-carbomethoxy-α,α-dimethyl-methyl cations a rearrange via a 1,4-H shift into the carbonyl protonated methyl methacrylate c and eventually into the alkyl-O protonated methyl methacrylate before the loss of methanol. The hydrogen rearrangements exhibit a deuterium isotope effect indicating substantial energy barriers between the [C5H9O2]+ isomers. Thus the destabilized carbenium ion a exists as a kinetically stable species within a potential energy well.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 22 (1987), S. 444-450 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Protonated acetophenones, substituted with a methoxymethyl group in the para and meta positions, have been generated by electron impact induced fragmentation of the correspondingly substituted 2-phenylpropan-2-ols. The metastable ions, formed in the second field-free region of a VG ZAb 2F mass spectrometer, react unimolecularly by elimination of CH3OH, formation of CH3CO+ and ions, loss of CH3COOCH3, and loss of CH2O. The mechanisms of these fragmentations have been elucidated with the aid of deuterated analogues of the protonated acetophenones. It is shown that these reactions are initiated by an endothermic transfer of the proton at the carbonyl group of the protonated acetophenones to the benzene ring. A further migration of the proton to the ether O atom of the methoxymethyl side-chain leads eventually to the elimination of CH3OH. Protolytic bond cleavages of either side-chain gives rise to the CH3CO+ and ions. At low internal energies both these ions may be trapped by the aromatic neutral fragment in ion-molecule complexes. Reactions within these complexes result in the energetically favourable losses of CH3COOCH3 and CH2O, respectively. With respect to these reactions, the protonated acetophenones behave analogously to the correspondingly substituted and protonated benzaldehydes.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 20 (1985), S. 572-577 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Metastable (3-phenyl-2-propynyl)benzenium ions, generated by electron impact induced fragmentation from the appropriately substituted 1,4-dihydrobenzoic acid, react by loss of ·CH3 and C6H6. The study of deuterated derivatives reveals that hydrogen/deuterium exchanges involving all hydrogen and deuterium atoms precede the fragmentations. The results suggest a skeletal rearrangement by electrophilic ring-closure reactions giving rise to protonated phenylindene and protonated 9,10-methano-9,10-dihydroanthracene prior to the elimination of C6H6 and ·CH3, respectively. A study of isomeric [C15H13]+ ions by collision-induced decomposition and by deuterium labelling shows that these ions interconvert by hydrogen migrations and skeletal rearrangements.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The diketo and ketoenol tautomers of aliphatic 1,3-diketones can be easily separated by gas chromatography. The mass spectra of tautomers of pentane-2,4-diones substituted at C(l) and C(3), separated in this way, have been obtained. The fragmentation mechanisms are discussed. The mass spectra of the tautomers are quite different, and the main fragmentation pathways can be easily linked to the structures of the (non-interconverting!) tautomeric molecular ions. Furthermore, isomers differing by the position of the substituent can also be identified by their mass spectra.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 23 (1988), S. 397-405 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Protonated benzaldehydes ‘a’ and protonated acetophenones ‘b’, substituted by a methoxymethyl group, a hydroxy-methyl group and a mercaptomethyl group, respectively, in position 3, in addition to a methoxymethyl side chain at position 5, have been prepared by electron impact induced dissociation from the corresponding benzylic alcohols. The spontaneous fragmentations of metastable ions of ‘a’ and ‘b’ have been investigated with the aid of specifically deuterated derivatives. Large signals arc observed for the loss of methanol induced by a proton migration across the aromatic ring. The competing loss of H2O and H2S, respectively, from the second side chain is less abundant, in agreement with the smaller PA's of HO— and HS— groups. The elimination of HCOX and CH3COX (X = OCH3, OH, SH), respectively, from ‘a’ and ‘b’ is also observed. The label distributions for these reactions are in agreement with a mechanism corresponding to an internal reaction of [CHO] + and [CH3CO] +, respectively, with the functional group of the side chains in an intermediary ion-neutral complex. In addition, fragmentations are observed arising from reactions between the two side chains at positions 3 and 5. The D labelling proves specific reactions without any H/D exchange and thus reaction channels separated from the methanol loss. The results are explained by internal ion-molecule reactions in an intermediary ion-neutral complex of a methoxymethyl cation, a hydroxymethyl cation and a mercaptomethyl cation, respectively, formed by a protolytic bond cleavage of the side chains.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 24 (1989), S. 47-54 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rearrangement of the molecular ions of the isomeric 2- and 3-methyl benzofurans (1 and 2), 2H-chromene (3) and 4H-chromene (4) has been studied as a further example of the isomerization of oxygen-heteroaromatic radical cations via a ring expansion/ring contraction mechanism well documented for molecular ions of alkyl benzenes. The ions 1+·-4+· fragment mainly by H loss into identical chromylium ions a. The process exhibits consistently a large kinetic energy release and an isotope effect kH/kD, which arise from a rate-determining energy barrier of the last dissociation step. Differences of the kinetic energy releases, the isotope effects and the appearance energies of the methyl benzofuran ions and the chromene ions indicate a large energy barrier also for the initial hydrogen migration during the rearrangement of the methyl benzofuran ions. This is substantiated by an MNDO calculation of the minimum energy reaction path. In contrast to the behaviour of alkyl benzene ions, a unidirectional isomerization of the methyl benzofuran ions by ring expansion takes place but no mutual interconversion of the molecular ions of methyl benzofurans and chromenes.
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