Publication Date:
1989-06-01
Description:
The complete stress tensor has been measured using a computer simulation of an assemblage of rough, inelastic spheres in an imposed simple shear flow. Only five components of the stress tensor were found to be significantly different from zero. These represent the disperssive normal stresses Txx, Tyy and Tzz and the in-the-shear-plane shear stresses Txy and Tyx; furthermore, the two off-diagonal stresses, Txyand Tyx, were found to be equal so that the resultant stress tensor is symmetric. Two modes of microscopic momentum transport produce the final macroscopic stress tensor: the streaming or kinetic mode by which particles carry the momentum of their motion as they move through the bulk material, and the collisional mode by which momentum is transported by interparticle collisions. The contribution of each to the final result is examined separately. The friction coefficient, the ratio of shear to normal force, is shown to decrease at dense packings for both the collisional and streaming modes. Also observed were normal stress differences, both in and out of the shear plane, reflecting anisotropies in the granular temperature. © 1989, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
Print ISSN:
0022-1120
Electronic ISSN:
1469-7645
Topics:
Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
,
Physics
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