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  • 1985-1989  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Life Cycle of Cryptosporidium baileyi n. sp. (Apicomplexa, Cryptosporidiidae) Infecting Chickens (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 33 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . The life cycle and morphology of a previously undescribed species of Cryptosporidium isolated from commercial broiler chickens is described. The prepatent period for Cryptosporidium baileyi n. sp. was three days post oral inoculation (PI) of oocysts, and the patent period was days 4–24 PI for chickens inoculated at two days of age and days 4–14 for chickens inoculated at one and six months of age. During the first three days PI, most developmental stages of C. baileyi were found in the microvillous region of enterocytes of the ileum and large intestine. By day 4 PI, most parasites occurred in enterocytes of the cloaca and bursa of Fabricius (BF). Mature Type I meronts with eight merozoites first appeared 12 h PI and measured 5.0 × 4.9 μm. Mature Type II meronts with four merozoites and a large granular residuum first appeared 48 h PI and measured 5.1 × 5.1 μm. Type I meronts with eight short merozoites and a large homogeneous residuum first appeared 72 h PI and measured 5.2 × 5.1 μm. Microgamonts (4.0 × 4.0 μm) produced 16 micro-gametes that penetrated into macrogametes (4.7 × 4.7 μm). Macrogametes gave rise to two types of oocysts that sporulated within the host cells. Most were thick-walled oocysts (6.3 × 5.2 μm), the resistant forms that passed unaltered in the feces. Some were thin-walled oocysts whose wall (membrane) readily ruptured upon release from the host cell. Sporozoites from thin-walled oocysts were observed penetrating enterocytes in mucosal smears. The presence of thin-walled, autoinfective oocysts and the recycling of Type I meronts may explain why chickens develop heavy intestinal infections lasting up to 21 days. Oocysts of C. baileyi were inoculated orally into several animals to determine its host specificity. Cryptosporidium baileyi did not produce infections in suckling mice and goats or in two-dayold or two-week-old quail. One of six 10-day-old turkeys had small numbers of asexual stages only in the BF. Four of six one-day-old turkeys developed mild infections only in the BF, and sexual stages of the parasite were observed in only one of the four. All seven one-day-old ducks and seven two-day-old geese developed heavy infections only in the BF with all known developmental stages present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1986.tb05608.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Comparison of Endogenous Development of Three Isolates of Cryptosporidium in Suckling Mice (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 33 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . Suckling mice were used as a model host to compare the endogenous development of three different isolates of Cryptosporidium: one from a naturally infected calf, one from an immunocompetent human with a short-term diarrheal illness, and one from a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and persistent, life-threatening, gastrointestinal cryptosporidiosis. After oral inoculation of mice with oocysts, no differences were noted among developmental stages of the three isolates in their sites of infection, times of appearance, and duration, morphology, and fine structure. Sporozoites excysted within the lumen of the duodenum and ileum, penetrated into the microvillous region of villous enterocytes, and developed into type I meronts with six or eight merozoites. Type I merozoites penetrated enterocytes and underwent cyclic development as type I meronts or they became type II meronts with four merozoites. Type II merozoites did not exhibit cyclic development but developed directly into sexual forms. Microgamonts produced £16 small, bullet-shaped microgametes, which were observed attaching to and penetrating macrogametes. Approximately 80% of the oocysts observed in enterocytes had a thick, two-layered wall. After sporulating within the parasitophorous vacuole, these thick-walled oocysts passed through the gut unaltered and were the resistant forms that transmitted the infection to a new host. Approximately 20% of the oocysts in enterocytes consisted of four sporozoites and a residuum surrounded only by a single oocyst membrane that ruptured soon after the parasite was released from the host cell. The presence of thin-walled, autoinfective oocysts and recycling of type I meronts may explain why a small oral inoculum can produce an overwhelming infection in a suitable host and why immune deficient persons can have persistent, life-threatening cryptosporidiosis in the absence of repeated oral exposure to thick-walled oocysts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1986.tb05567.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of the Swine Coccidium Eimeria debliecki Douwes, 1921 in Mammalian Cell Cultures (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 32 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Sporozoites of Eimeria debliecki entered human fetal lung and porcine kidney cells grown in cultures and underwent one merogenous cycle, terminating in the production of second-generation trophozoites. Sporozoites were intracellular 1 h post-inoculation (PI) and developed into sporozoite-shaped meronts at 40 h PI. These meronts, one of which was motile, had from two to ten nuclei. Sporozoite-shaped meronts then developed into elongate or spheroidal meronts with 10 to 24 nuclei by two days PI. Ten to 26 first-generation merozoites were formed by budding from the meront surface. Mature first-generation merozoites were most numerous three days PI. Most meronts had ruptured and released nonmotile merozoites into the culture medium by four days PI. Merozoites that were not released became rounded and developed into second-generation trophozoites. Refractile bodies were present in all developmental stages. No further development was observed five through eight days PI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1985.tb03099.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two new species of Isospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from passeriform birds of South America (1985)
    Springer
    Systematic parasitology 7 (1985), S. 227-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two new species of Isospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) are described from the faeces of passeriform birds of South America. I. cyanocoracis n. sp. is described from Cyanocorax chrysops (Passeriformes: Corvidae) and I. paroariae n. sp. from Paroaria coronata (Passeriformes: Emberizidae). I. cyanocoracis oocysts are spherical or subspherical, 28.7×26.8 μm (25.0–30.5×24.5–29.0), with bi-layered wall about 2.0 μm thick. Micropyle and oocyst residuum are absent; large polar granule present. Sporocysts are ovoid, 19.3×11.4 μm (17.0–21.0×10.5–12.2), with smooth, single-layered wall about 0.8 μm thick. Stieda and substiedal bodies and sporocyst residuum are present. Sporozoites 12.2×4.2 μm (10.5–15.0×3.5–4.5), possess spherical anterior and posterior refractile bodies. I. paroariae oocysts are spherical or subspherical, 22.3×21.4 μm (19.5–25.5×18.5–24.0), and have bi-layered wall about 1.8 μm thick. Micropyle, polar granule, and oocyst residuum are absent. Sporocysts ovoid, 15.2×10.0 μm (14.0–16.5×8.0–11.5), possess smooth, single-layered wall about 0.7 μm thick. Stieda and substiedal bodies and sporocyst residuum are present. Sporozoites elongate, 11.3×3.4 μm (10.0–13.5×3.2–4.0), have single, large, posterior refractile body. ac]19840712
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011453
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A review of the genus Caryospora Léger, 1904 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) (1986)
    Springer
    Systematic parasitology 8 (1986), S. 3-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The genus Caryospora (Apicomplexa, Eimeriorina) contains 30 species of coccidia that develop primarily in reptiles and predatory birds. Recent studies have shown that some species of Caryospora are heteroxenous, with both asexual and sexual phases of parasite development occurring in the intestinal epithelium of a predatory reptile or bird and in dermal connective tissues of rodents. The life-cycle of these Caryospora spp. is distinct from all known genera of the Eimeriidae. In this paper we present a review of and redefine the genus Caryospora, present succinct taxonomic descriptions, synonyms and lapsi, and provide line drawings (if available) of oocysts of each of the described species. ac]19841022
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00010305
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